Relationships of Scrotal Circumference to Puberty and Subsequent Reproductive Performance in Male and Female Offspring

2021 ◽  
pp. 363-370
Author(s):  
J.S. Brinks
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Scrotal Circumference

Placental treatment improves cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion insult in adult male and female offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia

2021 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 105461
Author(s):  
Nataliia Hula ◽  
Floor Spaans ◽  
Jennie Vu ◽  
Anita Quon ◽  
Raven Kirschenman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Prenatal Hypoxia ◽  
Male And Female

PRE-MATERNAL ISOLATION EFFECTS ON BEHAVIOUR AND ENDOCRINE FUNCTION OF OFFSPRING

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Sackler ◽  
A. S. Weltman ◽  
R. Schwartz ◽  
P. Steinglass
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT This report was designed to determine combined effects of maternal endocrine imbalances and abnormal behaviour due to prolonged isolation stress of female mice on the behaviour, developmental growth rate and endocrine function of their offspring. Sixty female albino mice averaging 19 g were divided equally into isolated and control groups. The isolated females were housed singly; control females were maintained in groups of 2 mice per cage. After observation of behavioural and physiological effects characteristic of isolation stress in the test mice, all isolated and control mice were mated after a 6½ month experimental, isolation period. No differences were observed in fertility and fecundity of the two groups of mothers. Analyses of developmental growth rates of the litters of the isolated versus control mothers showed significantly lower body weights in the test offspring at 3 and 4 weeks of age. The body weights of the female offspring remained significantly lower from the 4th to 11th weeks. The effects on the body weights of the male offspring declined and were no longer statistically significant at the 5th to 11 weeks. Locomotor activity at 4½ and 8 weeks of age was markedly or significantly higher in the male and female mice from isolated mothers. Tail-blood samples taken prior to autopsy at 5 and 11 weeks of age revealed significant decreases in the total leukocyte and eosinophil counts of both sexes. At the two ages, the absolute and relative spleen and thymus weights of the male and female offspring were markedly and/or significantly lower than the values observed in counterpart young from control females. Significant decreases were also observed in the absolute gonadal organ weights of both sexes at 11 weeks of age. The various data indicated inhibited growth rates, heightened locomotor activity and evasiveness, as well as evidence of increased adrenocortical function in the offspring from test mothers. The gonadal weight decreases suggested retarded gonadal development. Further studies using split-litter techniques are required to differentiate the effects of prenatal endocrine imbalances versus postnatal maternal influence (i. e., nursing care) on the offspring.

Effects of Maternal Hyperglycemia Associated with Snack Intake on Male and Female Offspring High-Fat Diet Preference on Infancy

Metabolism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 154635
Author(s):  
Gustavo Venâncio da Silva ◽  
Marina Galleazzo Martins ◽  
Giovana Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Alessandra Gonçalves Cruz ◽  
Larissa Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Maternal Hyperglycemia ◽  
Diet Preference

Modulation by antenatal therapies of cardiovascular and renal programming in male and female offspring of preeclamptic rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser H. Habib ◽  
Mennatallah A. Gowayed ◽  
Sherien A. Abdelhady ◽  
Nevine M. El-Deeb ◽  
Inas E. Darwish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Offspring ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals Male and female offspring from HELLP, but not PreE, experimental dams experience greater delays in neurodevelopment

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Griffin ◽  
Lucia Solis ◽  
Reanna Robinson ◽  
Shauna‐Kay Spencer ◽  
Kedra Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Female Offspring ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals Effects of Maternal Deprivation on Anxiety, Depression, and Empathy in Male and Female Offspring of Wistar Rats in the Face of Novel Objects

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1093
Author(s):  
Solmaz Khalifeh ◽  
Fariba Khodagholi ◽  
Mehrad Moghtadaei ◽  
Ali Behvarmanesh ◽  
Afshin Kheradmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Maternal Deprivation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Novel Objects ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: Early life stress (ELS) models such as maternal deprivation (MD) are used to in¬vestigate behavioral changes in rodents under stressful situations. MD is a situation in which rat pups are separated from the dam; MD has different paradigms. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effects of maternal deprivation on anxiety, depression, and empathy in adult Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: MD was applied to pups as per specifically designed protocol to compare rats of the control group with maternal deprivation rats and also the group, which faced novel objects. Each group consisted of eight rats. In this study, separation started from postnatal day (PND) 14 for various periods up to PND 60. EPM test was undertaken to measure anxiety; moreover, FST was used to indicate levels of depression. Also, changes in the empathy ratio were also demonstrated. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s post hoc analysis, and t-test were applied to analyze the results. Results: MD-treated rats showed a significant decrease in anxiety and empathy indexes compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). However, MD significantly increased depression in both male and female rats (P<0.05). Final¬ly, exposure to novel objects decreased depression but did not have any effect on anxiety and empathy levels in MD rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: ELS may lead to various states of mood and behavior in adulthood. According to the findings of this study, depression increases due to MD, though both anxiety and empathy decrease in both male and female Wistar rats. Moreover, ex¬posure to novel objects decreases depression, while anxiety and empathy do not change signifi¬cantly with exposure to novel objects. [GMJ.2019;8:e1093]

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