Nigerian Medical Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19; from Grass to Grace

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Uchejeso M. Obeta ◽  
Nkereuwem S. Etukudoh ◽  
Chukwudinma C. Okoli
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Laboratory

scholarly journals Perception and Acceptance of the Doctor of Medical Laboratory Science (MLSD) Degree (A Professional Doctorate Degree) among Medical Laboratory Scientists in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Kemzi N. Elechi- Amadi ◽  
Ojoye N. Briggs ◽  
Valerie E. Ugochi ◽  
Obeta M. Uchejeso ◽  
Abdulsalam Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Laboratory Science ◽  
Laboratory Science ◽  
Adoption And Implementation

Background: The practice of Medical Laboratory Science has witnessed advancement globally, with increasing need for laboratory input in modern healthcare delivery. This has brought about the need for advanced education and training for practitioners of Medical Laboratory Science. Objectives: This descriptive, cross-sectional study assessed the perception and acceptance of the Doctor of Medical Laboratory Science (MLSD) degree among Medical Laboratory Scientists in Nigeria. Methods: The study involved five hundred (500) Medical Laboratory Scientists across Nigeria, who participated based on informed consent. The survey instrument was a structured questionnaire that contained demographic information and 16 items which the respondents responded to. Results: Out of the 500 respondents, 380(76%) were male while 120(24%) were female, with majority of them within 20 to 49 years of age. On the perception of the MLSD degree, 355(71%) of the respondents agreed that MLSD will increase employment opportunities for practitioners, 460(92%) agreed that it will offer practitioners enhanced emoluments while 490(98%) agreed that MLSD will enhance the knowledge base and clinical expertise of practitioners. Also, 400(80%) agreed that MLSD will help reduce quackery and impersonation of Medical Laboratory Scientists, 485(97%) agreed that it will enhance the prestige of the profession, 470(94%) agreed that it will enhance laboratory diagnosis and biomedical research. Data on acceptance show that 420(84%) of the respondents indicated that they would like to obtain the MLSD degree, 345(69%) will like one of their children to obtain the MLSD degree, 305(61%) do not support quasi-specialization in MLSD, 445(89%) agreed that MLSD without quasi-specialization will broaden the clinical knowledge and skills of practitioners and improve patient-care while 415(83%) believe that the MLSD without quasi-specialization will give more meaning to postgraduate specialization. Conclusion: It is concluded that the MLSD has positive perception and acceptance among Medical Laboratory Scientists in Nigeria. Therefore, MLSD is recommended for adoption and implementation for the training of Medical Laboratory Scientists in Nigerian universities.

The medical laboratory prosecution of Covid – 19: pathogenesis and diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1089-1098
Author(s):  
Sophia Thomas ◽  
Akriti Jain ◽  
Divya P Mohan ◽  
Arzoo R Alagh ◽  
Shweta Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Case Identification ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Hematological Manifestations

The outbreak of 19 is now a pandemic affecting population pan . It has challenged the health system at various levels such as case identification, diagnostic laboratory workup, management and treatment and the epidemiological aspects of preventive interventions. It is so because this viral infection has never ever been encountered . The is a single stranded RNA virus with a few peculiarities of structure such as spike (S). This structural protein has been attributed to of 19 infections. The transmission of 19 is by droplets and aerosol. It primarily affects lungs, and its binding sites are cellular receptor of ACE II of . The and fatalities associated to Covid-19 infection are attributed to storm. It chiefly affects lungs producing . There are other manifestations of 19 infections. The diagnosis of 19 infection is by PCR of swab and samples from trachea and bronchi. The antibody (IgM and IgG) testing too is advised but as auxiliary in support of diagnosisThe hematological manifestations and biochemistry of the blood helps in suspecting and predicting the course of 19 infection. The present review imbibes within it, the various scientific nuances of novel corona virus that introduces -19 infection and explains the characteristics of the virus, and storm, immune evasion lung injury alteration laboratory diagnosis, , parameters of significance in laboratory of viral RNA and the proposed model of laboratory evaluation of 19 infection. The review provides a model for resource limited hospital at screening and confirmation of 19 infectionswhich will simplify, augment and enable the necessary hospital services and corrective therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals THE RELEVANCE OF MEDICAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS IN CORONAVIRUS IN SUSPECTED HUMAN CASES

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
NNODIM JOHNKENNEDY ◽  
EDWARD UKAMAKA ◽  
DUNGA KINGSLEY EXCEL ◽  
NJOKUOBI TREASURE ◽  
NJOKU CHUKWUDI JOSEPH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Difficulty Breathing ◽  
Accurate Treatment ◽  
Serology Test ◽  
The Common

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are known to cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is an infectious disease caused by a new virus. It leads to respiratory illness with symptoms such as a cough, fever, and in more severe cases, difficulty breathing. One can be protected by washing hands regularly, avoiding touching your face, and avoiding close contact with individuals who are unhealthy. It is transmitted through contact with an infected individual when they cough or sneeze. It could be transmitted when an individual touches a surface or object that has the virus on it, then touches the eyes, nose, or mouth. Some laboratory test to diagnose covid-19 includes real-time RT-PCR primer and probe and CDC serology test. It is very necessary that covid-19 is diagnosed for accurate treatment and management.

Laboratory diagnosis of thrombosis

1977 ◽  
Vol 137 (10) ◽  
pp. 1362-1364
Author(s):  
V. Gurevich
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Diagnosis

The Incidence of Factor V Leiden in a Normal Irish Population and Its Relationship to the Laboratory Diagnosis of APC Resistance

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (04) ◽  
pp. 661-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Vaughan ◽  
Cariosa Power ◽  
Catherine Nolan ◽  
Don McCarthy ◽  
Ivan Shirley
Keyword(s):  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Irish Population ◽  
Apc Resistance

Quality management in medical laboratories

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
M. Fritzer-Szekeres
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Iso 17025 ◽  
Iso 15189 ◽  
Medical Laboratories ◽  
Systems Quality ◽  
Standard Iso 15189

SummaryDuring the 20th century understanding for quality has changed and international and national requirements for quality have been published. Therefore also medical branches started to establish quality management systems. Quality assurance has always been important for medical laboratories. Certification according to the standard ISO 9001 and accreditation according to the standard ISO 17025 have been the proof of fulfilling quality requirements. The relatively new standard ISO 15189 is the first standard for medical laboratories. This standard includes technical and management requirements for the medical laboratory. The main focus is the proof of competence within the personnel. As this standard is accepted throughout the European Union an increase in accreditations of medical laboratories is predictable.

Screening for haemorrhagic disorders in paediatric patients by means of a questionnaire

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S87-S89 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Music ◽  
M. Novak ◽  
B. Acham-Roschitz ◽  
W. Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Infants And Young Children

SummaryAim: In children, screening for haemorrhagic disorders is further complicated by the fact that infants and young children with mild disease in many cases most likely will not have a significant history of easy bruising or bleeding making the efficacy of a questionnaire even more questionable. Patients, methods: We compared the questionnaires of a group of 88 children in whom a haemorrhagic disorder was ruled out by rigorous laboratory investigation to a group of 38 children with mild von Willebrand disease (VWD). Questionnaires about child, mother and father were obtained prior to the laboratory diagnosis on the occasion of routine preoperative screening. Results: 23/38 children with mild VWD showed at least one positive question in the questionnaire, while 21/88 without laboratory signs showed at least one positive question. There was a trend to more specific symptoms in older children. Three or more positive questions were found only in VWD patients, but only in a few of the control group. The question about menstrual bleeding in mothers did not differ significantly. Sensitivity of the questionnaire for a hemostatic disorder was 0.60, while specifity was 0.76. The negative predictive value was 0.82, but the positive predictive value was only 0.52. Conclusions: Our small study shows, that a questionnaire yields good results to exclude a haemostatic disorder, but is not a sensitive tool to identify such a disorder.

Release of Platelet Factor 4 in Vivo during Intravascular Coagulation and in Thrombotic States

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 578-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Farbiszewski ◽  
S Niewiarowski ◽  
K Worowski ◽  
B Lipiński
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Thrombosis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Platelet Factor 4 ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Thrombotic Diseases ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Clotting

SummaryPlatelet factor 4 released from platelets into the circulating blood was determined using both the heparin thrombin time and paracoagulation methods. It has been found that thrombin injected intravenously into rabbits releases large amounts of this factor. Infusion of plasmin does not release this factor and this finding may be of importance for the differential diagnosis between disseminated intravascular clotting and primary fibrinolysis. PF4 is not released during the hyper coagulable condition induced by HgCl2 intoxication. Only small amounts of this factor are released after contact factor infusion.A significant elevation of extraplatelet PF4 was found in 23 patients with fresh coronary thrombosis and in 9 patients with thrombophlebitis and thromboembolic complications.The significance of the above findings for the pathogenesis, treatment and laboratory diagnosis of thrombotic diseases with particular reference to heparin tolerance test is discussed.

Screening for the FV: Q506 Mutation – Evaluation of Thirteen Plasma-based Methods for their Diagnostic Efficacy in Comparison with DNA Analysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (03) ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Tripodi ◽  
Barbara Negri ◽  
Rogier M Bertina ◽  
Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Dna Test

SummaryThe factor V (FV) mutation Q506 that causes resistance to activated protein C (APC) is the genetic defect associated most frequently with venous thrombosis. The laboratory diagnosis can be made by DNA analysis or by clotting tests that measure the degree of prolongation of plasma clotting time upon addition of APC. Home-made and commercial methods are available but no comparative evaluation of their diagnostic efficacy has so far been reported. Eighty frozen coded plasma samples from carriers and non-carriers of the FV: Q506 mutation, diagnosed by DNA analysis, were sent to 8 experienced laboratories that were asked to analyze these samples in blind with their own APC resistance tests. The APTT methods were highly variable in their capacity to discriminate between carriers and non-carriers but this capacity increased dramatically when samples were diluted with FV-deficient plasma before analysis, bringing the sensitivity and specificity of these tests to 100%. The best discrimination was obtained with methods in which fibrin formation is triggered by the addition of activated factor X or Russell viper venom. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that some coagulation tests are able to distinguish carriers of the FV: Q506 mutation from non-carriers as well as the DNA test. They are inexpensive and easy to perform. Their use in large-scale clinical trials should be of help to determine the medical and economic benefits of screening healthy individuals for the mutation before they are exposed to such risk factors for venous thrombosis as surgery, pregnancy and oral contraceptives.

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