Review: Prosthetic limb replacement in dogs

Background: Subjects with a unilateral transtibial amputation (UTA) that have used prosthesis for over five years have a higher occurrence rate of osteoarthritis at the knee and hip joints of the intact limb. Objective: To research the joint internal moments of the hip, knee, and ankle in the sagittal and frontal planes during gait in persons with UTA. Methods: 25 individuals with UTA (50.26 years ± 13.76) and 25 subjects without amputation (46.71 years ± 13.76) participated in this study. Gait analysis was carried out using a Vicon® Motion System (Oxford Metrics, Oxford, UK) with eight 100 Hz cameras with infrared strobes, two 1000 Hz AMTI® force-plates. Results: People with UTA walk with a greater hip extensor moment in both intact and prosthetic limbs. The hip abductor moment was lower on the prosthetic limb compared to the intact limb and the control group. At the knee joint, the subjects with UTA walked with a reduced knee extensor and valgus moment on their prosthetic limb compared to the control group. At the ankle joint, the statistical analysis showed that the individuals with UTA walked with a reduced plantarflexor moment during the stance period on the intact limb compared to the people without amputation. Conclusions: Subjects with UTA walk with a different joint kinetic pattern in the sagittal and frontal planes compared to non-disabled individuals.

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The importance of aerodynamics for prosthetic limb design used by competitive cyclists with an amputation: An introduction

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364614527121 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 232-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Bryce Dyer

Keyword(s):

Field Test ◽

Aerodynamic Drag ◽

Field Tests ◽

Field Testing ◽

Test Method ◽

Limb Amputation ◽

Small Scale ◽

Prosthetic Limb ◽

Testing Method ◽

Competitive Cyclists

Background/Objectives: This study introduces the importance of the aerodynamics to prosthetic limb design for athletes with either a lower-limb or upper-limb amputation. Study design: The study comprises two elements: 1) An initial experiment investigating the stability of outdoor velodrome-based field tests, and 2) An experiment evaluating the application of outdoor velodrome aerodynamic field tests to detect small-scale changes in aerodynamic drag respective of prosthetic limb componentry changes. Methods: An outdoor field-testing method is used to detect small and repeatable changes in the aerodynamic drag of an able-bodied cyclist. These changes were made at levels typical of alterations in prosthetic componentry. The field-based test method of assessment is used at a smaller level of resolution than previously reported. Results: With a carefully applied protocol, the field test method proved to be statistically stable. The results of the field test experiments demonstrate a noticeable change in overall athlete performance. Aerodynamic refinement of artificial limbs is worthwhile for athletes looking to maximise their competitive performance. Conclusion: A field-testing method illustrates the importance of the aerodynamic optimisation of prosthetic limb components. The field-testing protocol undertaken in this study gives an accessible and affordable means of doing so by prosthetists and sports engineers. Clinical relevance Using simple and accessible field-testing methods, this exploratory experiment demonstrates how small changes to riders’ equipment, consummate of the scale of a small change in prosthetics componentry, can affect the performance of an athlete. Prosthetists should consider such opportunities for performance enhancement when possible.

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Design, development and implementation of neurologically controlled prosthetic limb capable of performing rotational movement

INTERACT-2010 ◽

10.1109/interact.2010.5706148 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Aravinthan ◽

N. GopalaKrishnan ◽

P. Arun Srinivas ◽

N. Vigneswaran

Keyword(s):

Design Development ◽

Rotational Movement ◽

Prosthetic Limb

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Development of low cost prosthetic limb using EMG signals for amputees

2016 11th International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems (ICIIS) ◽

10.1109/iciinfs.2016.8263036 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Langri Harminder Singh ◽

Tejinder Singh ◽

Langri Dharminder Singh ◽

Tejinder Singh ◽

Srikant Madde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Prosthetic Limb

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Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility

PsycTESTS Dataset ◽

10.1037/t64314-000 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Sara J. Morgan ◽

Dagmar Amtmann ◽

Daniel C. Abrahamson ◽

Andre J. Kajlich ◽

Brian J. Hafner

Keyword(s):

Prosthetic Limb

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Evaluation and Analysis of Different Types of Prosthetic Knee Joint Used by above Knee Amputee

Defect and Diffusion Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.398.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 398 ◽

pp. 34-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fahad Mohanad Kadhim ◽

Jumaa Salman Chiad ◽

Maryam Abdul Salam Enad

Keyword(s):

Gait Cycle ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Maximum Velocity ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Von Mises Stress ◽

Prosthetic Knee ◽

Prosthetic Limb ◽

Left And Right ◽

The Difference ◽

Von Mises

Four prosthetic knee joints (polycentric knee weight activating-4bar and friction, extension assist controlled),(single axis knee weight activating and friction, internal extension assist controlled), (single axis knee weight activating-4bar and hydraulically, controlled) and (polycentric knee geometric locking-6bar, hydraulically controlled) for a trans-femoral patient were tested. The tests were conducted to find the maximum velocity as well as discussing the most comfortable prosthetic forthe patient and walking stability for these prosthetic knees by examining the gait cycle and measuring the ground reaction force (GRF), using force a plate device. Also, the interface pressure was measured between socket and stump muscles by using F-socket device to get the stress distribution during walking with a prosthetic knee. Results manifested that the polycentric knee geometric locking - 6bar, hydraulically controlled is the best because of the good homogenous distribution of GRF between the healthy and prosthetic limb, during which the difference between both the healthy and prosthetic limb is with the least value (4%).And, K4 gives the minimum value of differences in contact pressure between the left and right limb with a value of (24%), it alsoimparts the maximum symmetry between the left and right limb according to the gait cycle parameters.The best results of the interface pressures and kinovea velocity are achieved whenK4 is used with (132.4KPa, 0.71m/s), respectively. Finally, the polycentric knee geometric locking - 6bar, hydraulically controlled is the best according to the ANSYS results during which it yields the minimum values of Von-Mises stress with 14.24MPa and a maximum factor of safety of 3.11.

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Static versus dynamic prosthetic weight bearing in elderly trans-tibial amputees

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.3109/03093649709164537 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 100-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M. E. Jones ◽

J. R. Steel ◽

G. M. Bashford ◽

I. R. Davidson

Keyword(s):

Weight Bearing ◽

Gait Training ◽

Standing Position ◽

Prosthetic Limb ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

Peak Weight ◽

Static Versus Dynamic ◽

Vertical Ground Reaction Forces ◽

Medical Fitness

The purpose of this study was to compare prosthetic weight-bearing tolerance in the standing position to the dynamic vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF) experienced during walking in elderly dysvascular trans-tibial amputees. Ten unilateral trans-tibial amputees attending an amputee clinic (mean age =67±6.5 years) were selected as subjects. Selection criteria were the level of amputation, age, medical fitness to participate and informed consent. Each participant completed five trials of standing (static) weight bearing measurement followed by 10 walking (dynamic) trials on a 10m level walkway, five trials for each limb. Static weight bearing (SWB) was measured using standard bathroom scales. Dynamic weight bearing (DWB) was measured during gait using a Kistler multichannel force platform. T-tests for dependent means indicated that the forces borne in prosthetic single limb stance (mean=0.97±0.03 times body weight (BW)) were significantly lower than the forces borne by the prosthetic limb during the first peak (weight acceptance) VGRF (mean = 1.08±0.08 BW; t = −4.999; p = 0.001) and significantly higher than the midstance VGRF (mean = 0.82±0.07 BW; t = 5.401; p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between SWB and the second peak (push-off) VGRF generated by the prosthetic limb during walking (mean = 0.96±0.03 BW). It was concluded that clinical gait training may utilise SWB as a guide to an amputees' prosthetic weight bearing tolerance and requirements during walking.

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