The Structural and Functional Teratology of Antiepileptic Medications

2006 ◽  
pp. 103-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Adams ◽  
Patricia Janulewicz ◽  
Jennifer Anne Lantz Gavin
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Medications ◽  
Functional Teratology

Pharmacological Considerations When Transitioning the Care of Epilepsy Patients from Pediatric to Adult Epilepsy Centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Natalie Guido-Estrada ◽  
Shifteh Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Medication Compliance ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Transition To Adult Care ◽  
Pediatric Epilepsy ◽  
Transition Of Care ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Adult Model ◽  
Antiepileptic Medications ◽  
The Many

AbstractThere is scarce evidence in review of the available literature to support a clear and superior model for the transition of care for epilepsy patients from pediatric to adult centers. Anecdotally, there is a common perception that families are reluctant to make this change and that the successful transition of care for epilepsy can be a challenge for patients, families, and physicians. As part of the effort to prepare the patient and family for the adult model of care, several treatment issues should be addressed. In this article, we discuss the specific challenges for physicians in transition of care for epilepsy patients from a pharmacological standpoint, which include differences in metabolism and pharmacodynamics that can impact tolerability or efficacy of antiepileptic medications, lifestyle changes affecting medication compliance and seizure control, acquired adult health conditions necessitating new medications that may result in adverse drug interactions, and adult neurologists' potential lack of familiarity with certain medications typically used in the pediatric epilepsy population. We offer this as a guide to avoid one of the many possible pitfalls when epilepsy patients transition to adult care.

scholarly journals Perampanel-Induced Cataplexy in a Young Male with Generalized Epilepsy

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-177
Author(s):  
Kelsey Kenaan ◽  
Mohsin Zafar ◽  
Ronnie Bond ◽  
Barbara Gracious
Keyword(s):  
African American Male ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
Affective Dysregulation ◽  
Anti Epileptic Drug ◽  
Therapeutic Mechanism ◽  
Mood Lability ◽  
Antiepileptic Medications ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Side Effects

AbstractPerampanel is an anti-epileptic drug reported to exert its effects in the central never system (CNS) by inhibiting post-synaptic glutamate receptors. The most commonly reported neuropsychiatric side effects are affective dysregulation with some reports of psychosis. However, the precise therapeutic mechanism is unknown. We report on a 32-year-old African American male with recurring generalized tonic-clonic (GTC) seizures, who presented to our hospital with onset of mood lability for several months, subsequent to adding perampanel to his antiepileptic medications. On presentation, perampanel administration was temporarily withheld, and subsequently, noted to be coincident with neuropsychiatric symptomatology, including motor weakness in emotional contexts. The mechanisms underlying cataplexy are complex and, in our patient, most likely induced by an interaction between perampanel and the wakeful inhibition of the sublaterodorsal nucleus projections.

scholarly journals Clinical differentiation of psychogenic non-epileptic seizure: a practical diagnostic approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Putu Eka Widyadharma ◽  
Andreas Soejitno ◽  
D. P. G. Purwa Samatra ◽  
Anna M. G. Sinardja
Keyword(s):  
Epileptic Seizure ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Seizure Semiology ◽  
Unstructured Search ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Antiepileptic Medications ◽  
Eeg Pattern

Abstract Background Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES) has long been the counterpart of epileptic seizure (ES). Despite ample of evidence differentiating the two, PNES mistakenly diagnosed as ES was still common, resulting in unnecessary exposure to long-term antiepileptic medications and reduced patient’s and caregiver’s quality of life, not to mention the burgeoning financial costs. Objectives In this review, we aimed to elucidate various differences between PNES and epileptic seizure with respect to baseline characteristics, seizure semiology, EEG pattern, and other key hallmark features. Methods An unstructured search was carried out in PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE using keywords pertinent to PNES and ES differentiation. Relevant information was subsequently summarized herein. Results PNES differs significantly with ES in terms of baseline characteristics, prodromal symptoms, seizure semiology, presence of pseudosleep, and other hallmark features (for instance provoking seizure with suggestion). The combined approach, if applied appropriately, can yield high diagnostic yield. Conclusions PNES can be clearly differentiated from ES via careful adherence to a set of valid clinical cues. The summarized clinical hallmarks is highly useful to prevent unnecessary ES diagnosis and treatment with AEDs.

Antiepileptic medications and the risk for sudden cardiac death caused by an acute coronary event: a prospective case-control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva Hookana ◽  
Hanna Ansakorpi ◽  
Marja-Leena Kortelainen ◽  
M. Juhani Junttila ◽  
Kari S Kaikkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Coronary Event ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Acute Coronary Event ◽  
Antiepileptic Medications ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

scholarly journals Association between Adverse Effects and Parental Beliefs about Antiepileptic Medicines

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Ilić ◽  
Dragana Bogićević ◽  
Branislava Miljković ◽  
Sandra Vezmar-Kovačević
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Parental Beliefs ◽  
Parental Concerns ◽  
Upset Stomach ◽  
Antiepileptic Medications ◽  
The University ◽  
Beliefs About Medications

Background and Aim: Adverse effects are common in children treated with antiepileptic medications and may affect parental beliefs about treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between adverse effects and parental beliefs about antiepileptic drugs used for the treatment of their children. Methods: The study was performed at the University Children’s Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia from 2013–2015. Parents of children treated with valproic acid, carbamazepine or lamotrigine, were eligible. They were asked to fill in the Beliefs about Medications Questionnaire (BMQ) and The Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LAEP). Results: Parents of 127 children (average age 9.88 ± 4.16 years) of whom 111 had epilepsy (67 generalized, 44 focal) and 16 with febrile seizures participated in the study. Nervousness and/or agitation, weight gain, restlessness, headache, difficulty in concentrating, feeling of aggression and upset stomach were most frequent adverse effects, reported in 37% of the population. BMQ-specific necessity scores significantly correlated with parental education; parents with elementary school showed lower scores than those with higher education. The presence of difficulty in concentrating of their child was associated with higher BMQ concern scores (20.73 ± 4.25 vs. 18.99 ± 3.60, p = 0.043) as well as necessity scores (18.42 ± 3.31 vs. 16.40 ± 2.73, p = 0.017). Higher scores of BMQ-general overuse were reported in the presence of a headache (8.79 ± 2.81 vs. 7.64 ± 2.72, p = 0.027). Conclusions: The main finding of our study is that parental beliefs about antiepileptic drugs were associated with the presence of adverse effects. Understanding this relationship could allow physicians and pharmacists to structure better educational programs for parents of children treated with antiepileptic drugs. Education should be more focused towards understanding the adverse effects of antiepileptics which could alleviate parental concerns and strengthen their beliefs about the necessity of medication use in their children.

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