Whole Body Protein Synthesis in Relation to Basal Energy Expenditure in Healthy Children and in Children Recovering from Burn Injury

Whole body protein metabolism and resting energy expenditure (REE) were measured at 11, 23, and 33 wk of pregnancy in nine pregnant (not malnourished) Gambian women and in eight matched nonpregnant nonlactating (NPNL) matched controls. Rates of whole body nitrogen flux, protein synthesis, and protein breakdown were determined in the fed state from the level of isotope enrichment of urinary urea and ammonia during a period of 9 h after a single oral dose of [15N]glycine. At regular intervals, REE was measured by indirect calorimetry (hood system). Based on the arithmetic end-product average of values obtained with urea and ammonia, a significant increase in whole body protein synthesis was observed during the second trimester (5.8 +/- 0.4 g.kg-1.day-1) relative to values obtained both for the NPNL controls (4.5 +/- 0.3 g.kg-1.day-1) and those during the first trimester (4.7 +/- 0.3 g.kg-1.day-1). There was a significant rise in REE during the third trimester both in the preprandial and postprandial states. No correlation was found between REE after meal ingestion and the rate of whole body protein synthesis.

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Administration of testosterone to wether lambs: effects on protein and energy metabolism and growth hormone status

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.1150439 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 115 (3) ◽

pp. 439-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

G. E. Lobley ◽

A. Connell ◽

V. Buchan ◽

P. A. Skene ◽

J. M. Fletcher

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Vascular System ◽

Day Treatment ◽

Anabolic Steroids ◽

Control Period ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Whole Body ◽

Acid Oxidation ◽

Body Protein

ABSTRACT The effects of episodic infusion of testosterone into the vascular system on energy expenditure, nitrogen retention and whole body protein synthesis (determined from [1-14C]leucine kinetics) were studied in castrated male lambs under conditions of controlled food intake. Comparisons were made between a 10-day control period and a 10-day treatment period for each lamb. Infusion of testosterone produced a significant increase in heat production, but the magnitude (198 kJ/day, +2·5% was less than the differences in energy expenditure expected between entire and castrated male ruminants. The retention of nitrogen improved by 1·24 g/day ( + 22%) in response to the administration of androgen, and this was accompanied by a decrease in amino acid oxidation. Total protein synthesis also declined, and the anabolic nature of testosterone supply must, therefore, be effected through a reduction in the breakdown of protein, the mechanism being similar to that proposed for certain anabolic steroids and the β-agonist, clenbuterol. Contrary to other reports, the presence of testosterone had no effect on the plasma concentration of GH. J. Endocr. (1987) 115, 439–445

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Whole Body Protein Synthesis and Energy Expenditure in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-198507000-00009 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 679-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

C Catzeflis ◽

Y Schutz ◽

J-L Micheli ◽

C Welsch ◽

M J Arnaud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Whole Body ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Body Protein

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Energy Expenditure and Whole Body Protein Synthesis in Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) Infants

Experientia Supplementum - Nutritional Adequacy, Nutrient Availability and Needs ◽

10.1007/978-3-0348-6540-1_4 ◽

1983 ◽

pp. 45-56

Author(s):

Y. Schutz ◽

C. Catzeflis ◽

F. Gudinchet ◽

J. Micheli ◽

C. Welsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Protein ◽

Vlbw Infants

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Energy expenditure and whole body protein synthesis is and catabolism in preterm infants

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-198911000-00168 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 527-527

Author(s):

B Beaufrere ◽

G Putet ◽

M C Avargues ◽

C Pacchiaudi ◽

B L Salle

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Protein

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Whole Body Protein Turnover and Resting Metabolic Rate in Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0770093 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 93-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Asha Badaloo ◽

Alan A. Jackson ◽

Farook Jahoor

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Protein Turnover ◽

Resting Metabolic Rate ◽

Resting Energy Expenditure ◽

Whole Body ◽

Cell Disease ◽

Nitrogen Flux ◽

Body Protein ◽

Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease

1. Whole body protein turnover and resting metabolic rate were measured in six adults with homozygous sickle cell disease (genotype HbSS) and in six normal adults (genotype HbAA) of similar age. 2. Turnover was measured with prime/intermittent oral doses of [15N]glycine over 18 h and resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. 3. In HbSS, nitrogen flux (0.9 ± 0.08 g day−1 kg−1), protein synthesis (6.0 ± 0.5 g day−1 kg−1) and protein degradation (5.6 ± 0.5 g day−1 kg−1) were significantly increased compared with HbAA nitrogen (flux 0.5 ± 0.02 g day−1 kg−1, protein synthesis 3.2 ± 0.2 g day−1 kg−1 and protein degradation 2.8 ± 0.2 g day−1 kg−1). 4. Resting energy expenditure was significantly higher in HbSS compared with HbAA when expressed per unit of body weight (115 ± 3 and 94 ± 4 kJ day−1 kg−1, respectively) or weight 0.75 (317 ± 6 and 269 ± 8 kJ day−1 kg−0.75, respectively). 5. The increase in protein turnover and energy expenditure suggest that patients with HbSS exist in a hypermetabolic state that requires greater dietary energy compared with HbAA.

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Effect of dietary protein on energy metabolism including protein synthesis in the spiny lobster Sagmariasus verreauxi

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91304-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shuangyao Wang ◽

Chris G. Carter ◽

Quinn P. Fitzgibbon ◽

Basseer M. Codabaccus ◽

Gregory G. Smith

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Energy Metabolism ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Spiny Lobster ◽

Ammonia Excretion ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Protein ◽

Energy Substrate ◽

Sagmariasus Verreauxi

AbstractThis is the first study in an aquatic ectotherm to combine a stoichiometric bioenergetic approach with an endpoint stochastic model to explore dietary macronutrient content. The combination of measuring respiratory gas (O2 and CO2) exchange, nitrogenous (ammonia and urea) excretion, specific dynamic action (SDA), metabolic energy substrate use, and whole-body protein synthesis in spiny lobster, Sagmariasus verreauxi, was examined in relation to dietary protein. Three isoenergetic feeds were formulated with varying crude protein: 40%, 50% and 60%, corresponding to CP40, CP50 and CP60 treatments, respectively. Total CO2 and ammonia excretion, SDA magnitude and coefficient, and protein synthesis in the CP60 treatment were higher compared to the CP40 treatment. These differences demonstrate dietary protein influences post-prandial energy metabolism. Metabolic use of each major energy substrate varied at different post-prandial times, indicating suitable amounts of high-quality protein with major non-protein energy-yielding nutrients, lipid and carbohydrate, are critical for lobsters. The average contribution of protein oxidation was lowest in the CP50 treatment, suggesting mechanisms underlying the most efficient retention of dietary protein and suitable dietary inclusion. This study advances understanding of how deficient and surplus dietary protein affects energy metabolism and provides approaches for fine-scale feed evaluation to support sustainable aquaculture.

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Effect of dietary protein on bed-rest-related changes in whole-body-protein synthesis

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/52.3.509 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 509-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

C A Stuart ◽

R E Shangraw ◽

E J Peters ◽

R R Wolfe

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Bed Rest ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Protein

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Comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling by the application of intrinsically labelled protein in vivo in human subjects

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120008034 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Jorn Trommelen ◽

Andrew M. Holwerda ◽

Philippe J. M. Pinckaers ◽

Luc J. C. van Loon

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Stable Isotope ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

Muscle Protein ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Whole Body ◽

Body Protein

All human tissues are in a constant state of remodelling, regulated by the balance between tissue protein synthesis and breakdown rates. It has been well-established that protein ingestion stimulates skeletal muscle and whole-body protein synthesis. Stable isotope-labelled amino acid methodologies are commonly applied to assess the various aspects of protein metabolism in vivo in human subjects. However, to achieve a more comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling in vivo in human subjects, intravenous stable isotope-labelled amino acid infusions can be combined with the ingestion of intrinsically labelled protein and the collection of blood and muscle tissue samples. The combined application of ingesting intrinsically labelled protein with continuous intravenous stable isotope-labelled amino acid infusion allows the simultaneous assessment of protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics (e.g. release of dietary protein-derived amino acids into the circulation), whole-body protein metabolism (whole-body protein synthesis, breakdown and oxidation rates and net protein balance) and skeletal muscle metabolism (muscle protein fractional synthesis rates and dietary protein-derived amino acid incorporation into muscle protein). The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the various aspects of post-prandial protein handling and metabolism with a focus on insights obtained from studies that have applied intrinsically labelled protein under a variety of conditions in different populations.

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