A Computer Tutorial for Psychology of Learning Courses

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Correct Answer ◽  
Macintosh Computer ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Stimulus Discrimination ◽  
Computer Tutorial ◽  
Psychology Of Learning

A Macintosh computer tutorial that teaches the fundamentals discrimination learning is described. Concepts covered includes stimulus discrimination, extinction, S+, S−, and differential reinforcen Questions are repeated until the correct answer is given, but the repetitions are spaced to maximize retention. Student records are automatically saved. The program-is-free.

A Computer Tutorial on Consequences in Operant Learning

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Correct Answer ◽  
Operant Learning ◽  
Study Guide ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
General Psychology ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Student Reaction ◽  
Computer Tutorial ◽  
Behavioral Programming ◽  
Course Credit

This article describes a computer tutorial that teaches the fundamentals of consequences and contingencies in operant teaming. The tutorial content is appropriate for courses in general psychology, learning, and behavioral programming. Applications to animal and human situations are emphasized. The software repeats questions until the student is able to provide the correct answer, but spaces its repetitions to maximize retention. It saves student records as a basis for assignment of course credit. Student reaction to this form of presentation was very favorable. Questionnaire data showed that the students perceived the tutor as more useful in preparing for a test than a text or study guide would have been.

Multiple Stimulus Discrimination Learning. III. What is Learned?

1973 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Mandler
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Negative Stimulus ◽  
Constant Stimulus ◽  
Positive Stimulus ◽  
Choice Data ◽  
Choice Behaviour ◽  
Stimulus Discrimination ◽  
Latency Data ◽  
Multiple Stimulus ◽  
Positive Stimuli

Rats were given a multiple stimulus discrimination, with either a constant positive stimulus combined with several negative stimuli or a constant negative stimulus combined with several positive stimuli. Choice data in transfer tests indicated that the discrimination had taken place on the basis of the constant stimulus alone and that the constant stimulus was equally effective in mediating transfer whether it had been positive or negative. While the multiple stimuli did not control choice behaviour, the latency data indicated that some analysis of them had taken place. Analyses of discrepancies in choice and latency data suggest that the two types of measure reflect different processes involved in discrimination learning.

A Computer Tutorial on the Principles of Stimulus Generalization

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
Stimulus Generalization ◽  
Operant Learning ◽  
General Psychology ◽  
Student Reaction ◽  
Computer Tutorial ◽  
Generalization Gradients ◽  
Behavioral Programming

In this article, I describe a computer tutorial that teaches the fundamentals of stimulus generalization in operant learning. The content is appropriate for courses in general psychology, learning, and behavioral programming. Concepts covered include reinforcement, discrimination learning, stimulus continua, generalization, generalization gradients, and peak shift. The tutorial also reviews applications in animal and human situations. Student reaction to this form of presentation was very favorable.

Distinctive Phonetic Features as Relevant and Irrelevant Stimulus Dimensions in Speech-Sound Discrimination Learning

1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-425
Author(s):  
Stuart I. Ritterman ◽  
Nancy C. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Discrimination Learning ◽  
Irrelevant Dimension ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Irrelevant Stimulus ◽  
Relevant Dimension ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Sound Discrimination ◽  
Nonsense Syllables

Thirty-two college students were required to learn the relevant dimension in each of two randomized lists of auditorily presented stimuli. The stimuli consisted of seven pairs of CV nonsense syllables differing by two relevant dimension units and from zero to seven irrelevant dimension units. Stimulus dimensions were determined according to Saporta’s units of difference. No significant differences in performance as a function of number of the irrelevant dimensions nor characteristics of the relevant dimension were observed.

A Silenced Population

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gryglewicz ◽  
Melanie Bozzay ◽  
Brittany Arthur-Jordon ◽  
Gabriela D. Romero ◽  
Melissa Witmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Method Student

Abstract. Background: Given challenges that exceed the normal developmental requirements of adolescence, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) youth are believed to be at elevated risk for engaging in suicide-related behavior (SRB). Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms that put these youth potentially at risk. Aims: To determine whether peer relationship difficulties are related to increased risk of SRB in DHH youth. Method: Student records (n = 74) were retrieved from an accredited educational center for deaf and blind students in the United States. Results: Peer relationship difficulties were found to be significantly associated with engagement in SRB but not when accounting for depressive symptomatology. Limitations: The restricted sample limits generalizability. Conclusions regarding risk causation cannot be made due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for future research that examines the mechanisms of the relationship between peer relationship difficulties, depression, and suicide risk in DHH youth and potential preventive interventions to ameliorate the risks for these at-risk youth.

Pleasure as a Sign of Efficacy of Mental Activity

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Cabanac ◽  
Chantal Pouliot ◽  
James Everett
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Macintosh Computer ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Cognitive Efficiency ◽  
Sensory Pleasure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mental Tasks

Previous work has shown that sensory pleasure is both the motor and the sign of optimal behaviors aimed at physiological ends. From an evolutionary psychology point of view it may be postulated that mental pleasure evolved from sensory pleasure. Accordingly, the present work tested empirically the hypothesis that pleasure signals efficacious mental activity. In Experiment 1, ten subjects played video-golf on a Macintosh computer. After each hole they were invited to rate their pleasure or displeasure on a magnitude estimation scale. Their ratings of pleasure correlated negatively with the difference par minus performance, i.e., the better the performance the greater the pleasure reported. In Experiments 2 and 3, the pleasure of reading poems was correlated with comprehension, both rated by two groups of subjects, science students and arts students. In the majority of science students pleasure was significantly correlated with comprehension. Only one arts student showed this relationship; this result suggests that the proposed relationship between pleasure and cognitive efficiency is not tautological. Globally, the results support the hypothesis that pleasure is aroused by the same mechanisms, and follows the same laws, in physiological and cognitive mental tasks and also leads to the optimization of performance.

Review of Readings in the Psychology of Learning.

1968 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
JUDSON BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Psychology Of Learning
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