scholarly journals The Effect of Tibolone on Fat Mass, Fat-Free Mass, and Total Body Water in Postmenopausal Women

Endocrinology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 142 (11) ◽  
pp. 4813-4817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid B. Meeuwsen ◽  
Monique M. Samson ◽  
Sijmen A. Duursma ◽  
Harald J. Verhaar
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Total Body

scholarly journals Gender Differences in rhGH-Induced Changes in Body Composition in GH-Deficient Adults

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 4161-4165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan P. T. Span ◽  
Gerlach F. F. M. Pieters ◽  
Fred G. J. Sweep ◽  
Ad R. M. M. Hermus ◽  
Anthony G. H. Smals
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Rhgh Therapy ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Total Body

In GH-deficient adults, rhGH has pronounced effects on total body water, fat free mass, and fat mass. Recently, we observed a gender difference in IGF-I responsivity to rhGH that was sex steroid dependent. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of rhGH therapy on body composition parameters with due attention to the gender differences in biological responsiveness to rhGH. Forty-four women [36.9 ± 11.9 yr (mean ± sd)] and 33 men (37.2 ± 13.8 yr) with GH deficiency were studied every 6 months during 2 yr. The treatment goal was to achieve IGF-I levels within the age-adjusted normal range. Total body water, fat free mass, and fat mass were measured by bioimpedantiometry. To reach the treatment goal, the daily rhGH dose (IU/kg/d) had to be significantly higher in women than in men at all time intervals. During rhGH therapy, total body water and fat free mass increased significantly in both men and women (P ≤ 0.01 by ANOVA), but changes were more pronounced in men. Fat mass decreased during rhGH treatment and reached its nadir at 6 months, which was more pronounced in men than in women (P = 0.02 by ANOVA). After the initial decrease, fat mass increased again and reached baseline values after 2 yr of treatment. In both men and women, the total body water and fat free mass increases were closely related to the IGF-I increments (P < 0.001 by Pearson’s correlation test). The decrease in fat mass correlated significantly with the increase in IGF-I in men (r = −0.89, P < 0.001), not in women. Confirming our earlier data, IGF-I responsivity to rhGH was significantly higher in men than in women at all time intervals (P < 0.01 by ANOVA). Total body water and fat free mass responsivities were also higher in men than in women (P < 0.01 by ANOVA). In conclusion, gender differences in IGF-I responsivities to rhGH are accompanied by gender differences in the extent of body composition changes to rhGH. Probably because of these gender differences in IGF-I responsivity, the increases of total body water and fat free mass to rhGH replacement were greater in men than in women. Remarkably, however, in men, only total body water and fat free mass responses relative to changes in IGF-I increased during the 2 yr of rhGH therapy (P= 0.02 and 0.01, respectively, by ANOVA). In our opinion, this phenomenon might be explained by the increasing target organ sensitivity to IGF-I over time.

scholarly journals Body composition indices and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. CV biomarkers are not related to body composition

Open Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Markova ◽  
Mihail Boyanov ◽  
Deniz Bakalov ◽  
Adelina Tsakova
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Cardiovascular Biomarkers

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to explore the correlations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body composition with levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), endothelin 1(ET-1), N-terminal brain natriuretic pro-peptide (NT-proBNP) and calculated cardiovascular risks.Methods102 women and 67 men with type 2 diabetes participated. Serum levels of NT-proBNP were measured by electro-hemi-luminescence while ELISA were used for ADMA and ET-1. Cardiovascular risks were calculated using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), the UKPDS 2.0 and the ADVANCE risk engines. Statistical analysis was performed on an IBM SPSS 19.0.ResultsThe BMI outperformed all other indices of obesity (WC, WHtR, WHR), as well as body composition parameters (body fat%, fat mass, fat free mass and total body water) in relation to the estimated risks for coronary heart disease and stroke, based on different calculators. The correlations of the obesity indices with the serum cardiovascular biomarkers were not significant except for BMI and fat mass versus ET-1, and for fat free mass and total body water versus ADMA.ConclusionsThe WC, WHR, WHtR, BF%, FM and FFM apparently do not add significant information related to the levels of cardiovascular biomarkers or the calculated CV-risks.

scholarly journals Body Composition and Postural Stability in Goalkeepers of the Polish National Junior Handball Team

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Jacek Wilczyński
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Average Load ◽  
Load Point ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Introduction. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the body composition and postural stability of goalkeepers representing the Polish National Junior Handball Team. Material and methods. Body composition was assessed by means of bioelectrical impedance analysis. Postural stability was examined using the AccuGait AMTI force platform. Results. The body composition of the subjects was correct. All of the subjects had very good postural stability. Postural sway was higher in the sagittal plane than in the frontal one. Path Length and Average COP Speed were significantly increased during the closedeyes trial. Only Fat Mass (%) and Fat Mass (kg) were significantly directly correlated with Area Ellipse (cm2) (OE, open eyes). Inverse correlations occurred between Fat-Free Mass (kg) and Average Load Point Y (cm) (OE) as well as Average Load Point Y (cm) (CE, closed eyes). Muscle Mass (kg) was significantly inversely correlated with Average Load Point Y (cm) (OE) and also with Average Load Point Y (cm) (CE). Body Mass Index correlated negatively only with Average Load Point Y (cm) (CE). Total Body Water (kg) was significantly inversely correlated with Average Load Point Y (cm) (OE) and also with Average Load Point Y (cm) (CE). However, Total Body Water (%) only correlated negatively with Area Ellipse (cm2) (OE). Conclusions. Postural stability was determined by the composition and structure of the body. Single-sided sports specialisation can lead to static disorders of the body during the developmental period discussed. Therefore, systematic tests are needed to monitor the body composition and postural stability of handball goalkeepers.

scholarly journals Increased extracellular water compartment, relative to intracellular water compartment, after weight reduction

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter D. Van Marken Lichtenbelt ◽  
Mikael Fogelholm
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Intracellular Water ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Water Compartment ◽  
Total Body

The hydration of fat free mass (FFM) and extracellular (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW) compartments were studied in 30 obese premenopausal women before and after a 3-mo weight-reduction program and again after a 9-mo weight-maintenance program. Body fat was determined by a four-compartment model. Total body water and ECW were determined by deuterium dilution and bromide dilution, respectively. After the weight-reduction period, mean weight loss was 12.8 kg, and body fat was reduced on average by 10.9 kg. During weight maintenance, changes in body mass and body fat were not significant. Before weight reduction, mean ECW/ICW ratio was relatively high (0.78 ± 0.10). During the the study, total body water and ICW did not change significantly. ECW did not change significantly after weight reduction, but 12 mo after the start ECW was significantly increased by 1 liter. The ECW/ICW ratio increased to 0.87 ± 0.12 ( month 12). The hydration of the FFM increased from 74 ± 1 to 77 ± 2% during the weight reduction and remained elevated during weight maintenance. In conclusion, the ECW/ICW ratio and the hydration of the FFM, did not normalize during weight reduction and weight maintenance.

scholarly journals Body composition of lactating women determined by anthropometry and deuterium dilution

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Wong ◽  
Nancy F. Butte ◽  
E. O'brian Smith ◽  
Cutberto Garza ◽  
Peter D. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Deuterium Dilution ◽  
Total Body

1. Body fat, fat-free mass and total body water of ten lactating women were estimated from deuterium-dilution spaces and from skinfold thickness measurements. Deuterium-dilution spaces were calculated from the 6 h (equilibration) and zero-time (extrapolation) deuterium enrichments in saliva, urine, human milk and breath water vapour samples.2. The deuterium spaces obtained by equilibration were statistically larger than those obtained by extrapolation. Isotope dilution spaces derived from deuterium enrichments in saliva, breath water vapour and human milk did not differ with the exception of the 6 h equilibration value of milk, which was greater than that estimated from saliva. Deuterium-dilution spaces estimated from urine were consistently smaller than those derived from the other biological fluids.3. No significant differences in body fat, fat-free mass and total body water were observed between anthropometric measurements and deuterium-dilution methods, except for extrapolated values derived from deuterium enrichments in urine.

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