scholarly journals Relationship of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 and -2 Genotypes to Phenotypic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 4297-4300 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Ehrmann ◽  
Xu Tang ◽  
Issei Yoshiuchi ◽  
Nancy J. Cox ◽  
Graeme I. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Insulin Receptor Substrate ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Levels

Insulin resistance is a key component in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type 2 diabetes. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, IRS-1 (Gly972Arg) and IRS-2 (Gly1057Asp), influence susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. This study was undertaken to assess the influence of these polymorphisms on insulin resistance, glucose tolerance, and androgen levels in nondiabetic PCOS women. We studied 227 PCOS subjects including 126 and 48 nondiabetic white and African-American subjects, respectively. The IRS-1 Gly972Arg allele frequencies were identical in whites and African-Americans [0.95 (Gly) and 0.05 (Arg)]. The IRS-2 Gly1057Asp allele frequencies were 0.85 (Gly) and 0.15 (Asp) in African-Americans and 0.59 (Gly) and 0.41 (Asp) in whites. There was no association of IRS-1 genotype with any clinical or hormonal measure in nondiabetic white or African-American PCOS subjects. However, nondiabetic subjects with the IRS-2 Gly/Gly genotype had significantly higher 2-h oral glucose tolerance test glucose levels compared with those with Gly/Asp and Asp/Asp genotypes in whites or Gly/Asp genotype in African-Americans (there were no Asp/Asp subjects in our modest size African-American sample). These results suggest that the IRS-2 Gly1057Asp polymorphism influences blood glucose levels in nondiabetic white and African-American women with PCOS. Thus, individuals with the common IRS-2 Gly/Gly genotype may be at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

The mean and the biological variation of insulin resistance does not differ between polycystic ovary syndrome and type 2 diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wei Cho ◽  
V Jayagopal ◽  
E S Kilpatrick ◽  
S L Atkin
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Biological Variation ◽  
Biological Variability ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Mean

Background There is an assumption that the mean and biological variation of insulin resistance (IR) is less in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and intuitively higher in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). To test this hypothesis we compared the mean and biological variation in IR in PCOS to that of T2DM and to age- and weight-matched controls. Methods Twelve PCOS, 11 matched healthy women; 12 postmenopausal diet-controlled T2DM and 11 matched healthy postmenopausal women were recruited. Blood samples were collected at 4-d intervals on 10 consecutive occasions. The biological variability of IR was derived on duplicate samples. Results Mean and biological variability of HOMA-IR for PCOS did not differ from T2DM. Both measures were higher than the matched controls. There was no difference in insulin or IR measures between the body mass index matched pre- and postmenopausal women. Percentage β cell function were 208.8%, 62.3%, 106.5% and 111.9%, respectively, in PCOS, postmenopausal women with T2DM, healthy premenopausal and healthy postmenopausal women. Conclusions The progression from PCOS to the development of T2DM is unlikely to be due to a further increase in IR (or variability), but rather the progressive failure of pancreatic beta cells with a decrease in insulin production. The clinical trial registration number for this study is ISRCTN65353256.

scholarly journals Milk and Dairy Products and Their Impact on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Fertility—A Potential Role in the Diet of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3491
Author(s):  
Justyna Janiszewska ◽  
Joanna Ostrowska ◽  
Dorota Szostak-Węgierek
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Milk and dairy products are considered an important component of healthy and balanced diet and are deemed to exert a positive effect on human health. They appear to play a role in the prevention and treatment of carbohydrate balance disturbances. The products include numerous valuable components with a potential hypoglycemic activity, such as calcium, vitamin D, magnesium and probiotics. Multiple authors suggested that the consumption of dairy products was negatively associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and ovulation disorders. However, there are still numerous ambiguities concerning both the presumed protective role of dairy products in carbohydrate metabolism disorders, and the advantage of consuming low-fat dairy products over high-fat ones, especially in women with the risk of ovulation disorders. Therefore, this literature review aims at the presentation of the current state of knowledge concerning the relationship between dairy product consumption and the risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus in women, and the potential effect on the course of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Vatopoulou ◽  
Maria-Eleni Dionelli ◽  
Alexis Papanikolaou ◽  
Sonia Grover
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

: It is well-established that adults with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have increased prevalence of several cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Accumulating data suggest that these risk factors are already present in adolescence in patients with PCOS. This has major implications for the management of this population, since the timely identification of these risk factors is essential for preventing cardiovascular disease in adulthood. The present review summarizes the existing evidence regarding the prevalence of both traditional and non-traditional cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with PCOS.

scholarly journals POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: PATHOGENESIS, TREATMENT AND SECONDARY ASSOCIATED DISEASES

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Soni ◽  
Shivali Singla ◽  
Sachin Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Androgen Synthesis

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, and chronic anovulation along with insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia as frequent metabolic traits (metabolic syndrome) that culminate in serious long-term consequences such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, endometrial hyperplasia, and coronary artery disease. It is one of the most common causes of anovulatory infertility. A complete understanding of the underlying Pathophysiology of PCOS is still lacking. Because of the heterogeneity of this disorder, there are most likely multiple underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. Pathogenesis of PCOS is explaining as alteration in gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion results in increased luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. An alteration in insulin secretion and insulin action results in hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. A defect in androgen synthesis that results in increased ovarian androgen production.Treatment of PCOS include maintaining a normal endometrium, antagonizing the actions of androgens on target tissues, reducing insulin resistance (when present), and correcting anovulation. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at higher risk for several other health conditions as Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, Heart Disease and High Blood Pressure (Cardiovascular Disease)  

The Impact of Obesity on Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) among Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1612-P
Author(s):  
NADIRA SULTANA KAKOLY ◽  
ARUL EARNEST ◽  
HELENA TEEDE ◽  
LISA MORAN ◽  
DEBORAH LOXTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Impact
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