scholarly journals The Effects of Atorvastatin on Endothelial Function in Diabetic Patients and Subjects at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 740-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiotis A. Economides ◽  
Antonella Caselli ◽  
Elizabeth Tiani ◽  
Lalita Khaodhiar ◽  
Edward S. Horton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients

ecNOS gene polymorphism is associated with endothelium-dependent vasodilation in Type 2 diabetes

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (2) ◽  
pp. H557-H561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyoko Komatsu ◽  
Takahiko Kawagishi ◽  
Masanori Emoto ◽  
Tetsuo Shoji ◽  
Atsuko Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
The Right ◽  
Constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
The Impact

The association between endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) gene polymorphism and vascular endothelial function has not been clarified. We investigated the impact of ecNOS gene polymorphism on endothelial function in 95 patients with Type 2 diabetes (ecNOS genotype: 4b/b, n= 62; 4b/a, n = 30; 4a/a, n = 3). Flow-mediated (endothelium dependent, FMD) and nitroglycerin-induced (endothelium independent, NTG) vasodilations of the right brachial artery were studied using a phase-locked echotracking system. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics among the ecNOS genotypes. The FMD was significantly lower in the patients with ecNOS4a allele than in those without ecNOS4a allele ( P< 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that ecNOS4a allele and mean blood pressure were significant independent determinants for reduced FMD in all patients ( R2 = 0.122, P = 0.0025). The ecNOS4a allele was an independent determinant for reduced FMD in smokers but not in nonsmokers. These results suggest that ecNOS4a allele is a genetic risk factor for endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients, especially in smokers.

scholarly journals Smoking Counteracts the Favorable Effect of Exercise Training on Endothelial Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. JCM.S11152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Sato ◽  
Noriko Nakayama ◽  
Shingo Otsuki ◽  
Shiro Tanaka ◽  
Hajime Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Smoking Group

Background Exercise training can improve endothelial function in patients with diabetes. We hypothesized that the favorable effect of exercise training on endothelial function in patients with diabetes is counteracted by cigarette smoking. Purpose To assess whether there is a difference in the effect of exercise on endothelial function in smokers and non-smokers with type 2 diabetes. Methods We performed a 3-month controlled trial in 27 never-smoking and 17 smoking individuals with type 2 diabetes who participated in a home-based walking program. The percentage decrease in post-exercise ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI), which is an index of endothelial function, was assessed at baseline and after 3 months. Results Compared to the smoking group, the never-smoking group showed a more significant improvement in post exercise ABI during the 3 months of home-based training (interaction, P < 0.01). Conclusions These results indicate that smoking may counteract the favorable effects of exercise training on endothelial function. Endothelial function plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease among patients with diabetes. Therefore, a Certified Diabetes Educator should strongly advise diabetic patients not to smoke.

scholarly journals Endothelial function after 10 days of bed rest in individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 1000-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette P. Sonne ◽  
Lise Højbjerre ◽  
Amra C. Alibegovic ◽  
Lars B. Nielsen ◽  
Bente Stallknecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Bed Rest

scholarly journals HuR-mediated posttranscriptional modification of Cx40 and coronary microvascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Si ◽  
Jody Tori O. Cabrera ◽  
Atsumi Tsuji-Hosokawa ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Rui Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Capillary Density ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Endothelium Dependent Relaxation

Abstract Background Diabetic patients with coronary microvascular disease (CMD) exhibit higher cardiac mortality than patients without CMD. However, the molecular mechanism by which diabetes promotes CMD is poorly understood. RNA-binding protein HuR is a key regulator of mRNA stability and translation of many genes, and there is growing evidence showing the potential role of HuR in cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the role of HuR and its target genes in the development of CMD in type 2 diabetic mice. Methods Type 2 diabetes was induced in male mice by a high-fat diet combined with a single injection of low-dose streptozotocin. We assessed coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR, a determinant of coronary microvascular function) in vivo and isolated cardiac endothelial cells (CECs) from those mice for in vitro experiment. Coronary endothelial function was evaluated in the 3rd order of coronary arteries using a wire myograph. Human CECs from 4 control subjects and 4 diabetic patients were purchased from the company. Results Diabetic mice exhibited decreases in CFVR and capillary density in the left ventricle (LV). HuR protein levels in CECs were significantly lower in diabetic mice and diabetic patients than in the controls. Endothelial-specific HuR-KO mice also displayed significant reductions in CFVR and capillary density. By examining mRNA levels of 92 genes associated with endothelial function, we found that HuR, Cx40, and Nox4 levels were decreased in CECs from diabetic and HuR-KO mice in comparison to control mice. Cx40 protein level and HuR binding to Cx40 mRNA were downregulated in CECs from diabetic mice, and Cx40-KO mice exhibited decreased CFVR, attenuated endothelium-dependent relaxation, and reduced capillary density in the LV. Furthermore, endothelium-specific Cx40 overexpression ameliorated endothelial functions by augmenting endothelium-dependent relaxation and increasing capillary density in the LV, and resulted in the improvement of CFVR in diabetic mice. Conclusions These data suggest that decreased HuR, a specific mRNA binding protein that downregulates gap junction protein Cx40 in CECs, plays an important role in the development of coronary microvascular disease in diabetes. Restoration of Cx40 expression and function is potentially a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic cardiovascular complications.

scholarly journals Post-Prandial Effects of High-polyphenolic Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Endothelial Function in Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 443-443
Author(s):  
Valentine Njike ◽  
Rockiy Ayettey ◽  
Judith Treu ◽  
Kimberly Doughty ◽  
David Katz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Refined Olive Oil ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objectives The effects of olive oil on cardiovascular risk have been controversial. We compared the effects of high-polyphenolic extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and refined olive oil without polyphenols on endothelial function (EF) in adults at risk for Type 2 diabetes. Methods Randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover trial of 20 adults (mean age 56.1 years; 10 women, 10 men) at risk for Type 2 diabetes (i.e., as defined by either prediabetes or metabolic syndrome) assigned to one of two possible sequence permutations of two different single dose treatments (50 mL of high-polyphenolic EVOO or 50 mL of refined olive oil without polyphenols), with 1-week washout. Participants received their olive oils in a smoothie consisting of ½ cup frozen blueberries and 1 cup (8oz) low fat yogurt (Crowley low-fat vanilla) blended together and served in a 20 oz. plastic cup. Our primary outcome measure was EF measured as flow-mediated dilatation. Blood pressure was a secondary outcome measure. Participants were evaluated before and 2 hours after ingestion of their assigned olive oil treatment. Results EVOO acutely improved endothelial as compared to refined olive oil (1.2 ± 6.5% versus −3.6 ± 3.8%; P = 0.0086). No significant effects on systolic or diastolic blood pressure (i.e., −0.9 ± 7.1 mmHg versus −0.6 ± 9.8 mmHg; P = 0.9122 and −1.6 ± 5.0 mmHg versus −1.1 ± 7.6 mmHg; P = 0.8061 respectively) were observed. Conclusions High-polyphenolic EVOO acutely enhanced endothelial function in the study cohort, whereas refined olive oil did not. Blood pressure effects were not observed. The vascular effects of olive oil ingestion should specify the characteristics of the oil. Funding Sources Cobram Estate Extra Virgin Olive Oil.

scholarly journals Monocyte class switch and hyperinflammation characterise severe COVID-19 in type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawaz Alzaid ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Julla ◽  
Marc Diedisheim ◽  
Charline Potier ◽  
Louis Potier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 1 Interferon ◽  
Class Switch ◽  
Interferon Pathway ◽  
Morphological Anomalies

AbstractBackgroundEarly in the COVID-19 pandemic type 2 diabetes (T2D) was marked as a risk factor of severe disease and mortality. Inflammation is central to the aetiology of both conditions where variations in immune responses have the potential to mitigate or aggravate disease course. Identifying at risk groups based on immuno-inflammatory signatures is valuable in directing personalised care and developing potential targets for precision therapy.MethodsThis study characterised immunophenotypic variation associated with COVID-19 severity in type 2 diabetes. Broad-spectrum immunophenotyping quantified 15 leukocyte populations in peripheral circulation from a cohort of 45 hospitalised COVID-19 patients with and without type 2 diabetes.ResultsMorphological anomalies in the monocyte pool, monocytopenia specific to quiescent monocytes, and a decreased frequency of cytotoxic lymphocytes were associated with severe COVID-19 in patients with type 2 diabetes requiring intensive care. An aggravated inflammatory gene expression profile, reminiscent of the type-1 interferon pathway, underlaid the immunophenotype associated with severe disease in T2D.ConclusionShifts in T-cell and monocyte dynamics underpin a maladaptive response to SARSCoV-2. These alterations may impact type-1 interferon signalling which is the likely source of the hyperinflammation that increases voracity of COVID-19. These findings allow the identification of type 2 diabetic patients at risk of severe disease as well as providing evidence that the type-1 interferon pathway may be an actionable therapeutic target for future studies.Trial registrationNCT02671864FundingFrench National Agency of Research (ANR); European Foundation for the study of diabetes (EFSD); European Research Council (ERC); Francophone Society for Diabetes (SFD)Brief summaryMaladapted monocyte responses including class switch, morphological anomalies and systemic hyperinflammation put patients with type 2 diabetes at higher risk of severe COVID-19GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Kidney oxygenation during water diuresis and endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes and subjects at risk to develop diabetes

Metabolism ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panayiotis A Economides ◽  
Antonella Caselli ◽  
Chun S Zuo ◽  
Caitlin Sparks ◽  
Lalita Khaodhiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Water Diuresis
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