The Effect of Two Frequent Amino Acid Variants of the Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1  Gene on Estimates of the Pancreatic  -Cell Function in Caucasian Glucose-Tolerant First-Degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Although resveratrol has widely been studied for its potential health benefits, little is known about its metabolic effects in humans. Our aims were to determine whether the polyphenol resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients and to gain some insight into the mechanism of its action. After an initial general examination (including blood chemistry), nineteen patients enrolled in the 4-week-long double-blind study were randomly assigned into two groups: a resveratrol group receiving oral 2 × 5 mg resveratrol and a control group receiving placebo. Before and after the second and fourth weeks of the trial, insulin resistance/sensitivity, creatinine-normalised ortho-tyrosine level in urine samples (as a measure of oxidative stress), incretin levels and phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAkt):protein kinase B (Akt) ratio in platelets were assessed and statistically analysed. After the fourth week, resveratrol significantly decreased insulin resistance (homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance) and urinary ortho-tyrosine excretion, while it increased the pAkt:Akt ratio in platelets. On the other hand, it had no effect on parameters that relate to β-cell function (i.e. homeostasis model of assessment of β-cell function). The present study shows for the first time that resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity in humans, which might be due to a resveratrol-induced decrease in oxidative stress that leads to a more efficient insulin signalling via the Akt pathway.

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A rapid increase in beta-cell function by multiple insulin injections in type 2 diabetic patients is not further enhanced by prolonging treatment

Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2796.2002.00956.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 251 (4) ◽

pp. 307-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

L. KARVESTEDT ◽

G. ANDERSSON ◽

S. EFENDIC ◽

V. GRILL

Keyword(s):

Beta Cell ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Analysis of the Associations between Vitamin D and Albuminuria orβ-Cell Function in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/640909 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xiaoling Cai ◽

Zhaoheng Hu ◽

Ling Chen ◽

Xueyao Han ◽

Linong Ji

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Cell Function ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Albumin Creatinine Ratio ◽

Urine Albumin ◽

Vitamin D Supplement ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Objective. To investigate the associations of 25-(OH)D andβ-cell function or insulin resistance or albuminuria in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients.Methods. In total, 1408 type 2 diabetic patients without vitamin D supplement were included in this retrospective study.Results. Comparison between patients with and without 25-(OH)D deficiency indicated that, compared with patients with 25-(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/L, patients with 25-(OH)D < 50 nmol/L showed a higher level of urine albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) (90.15±10.30 mg/g versus52.79±14.97 mg/g). Multiple regression analysis indicated that 25-(OH)D was independently and negatively correlated with urine ACR (OR=0.985, 95%CI 0.972–0.999,P=0.03), adjusted by age, diabetic duration, HBP duration, SBP, HbA1c, creatinine, LDL-C, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-C. Compared with patients with normal level of urine ACR, patients with higher level of urine ACR showed a significant lower level of 25-(OH)D (34.49±13.52 nmol/L versus37.46±13.6 nmol/L,P=0.00). Analysis of the associations of 25-(OH)D andβ-cell function or insulin resistance showed that 25-(OH)D may not correlate withβ-cell function or insulin resistance.Conclusion. 25-(OH)D was independently associated with albuminuria in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients but was not associated withβ-cell function or insulin resistance.

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