Growth Hormone in Human Fetal Pituitary Glands and Cord Blood

1971 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 908-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
FUKASHI MATSUZAKI ◽  
MINORU IRIE ◽  
KAZUO SHIZUME
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pituitary Glands

THE EXTRACTION OF PROLACTIN FROM HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Apostolakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
List Type ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Hormone Activity ◽  
Isoelectric Precipitation ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Prolactin Content ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A method for the extraction of prolactin from human pituitary glands is described. It is based on acetone drying, distilled water extraction, acetone and isoelectric precipitation. Two main products are obtained: Fraction R8 with a mean prolactin activity of 12.2 IU/mg and fraction U8 with a mean prolactin activity of 8.6 IU/mg. The former fraction does not contain any significant gonadotrophin activity and the latter contains on an average 50 HMG U/mg. In both cases contamination with ACTH and MSH is minimal. The growth hormone activity of both these fractions is low. It is postulated that in man too, prolactin and growth hormone are two distinct hormones. A total of 1250 human pituitary glands have been processed by this method. The mean prolactin content per pituitary gland has been found to be 73 IU.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of growth hormone in the rat anterior pituitary gland. Stimulation of biosynthesis in vitro by insulin

1973 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 1103-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Betteridge ◽  
M. Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effect of insulin on the incorporation of radioactive leucine into growth hormone was investigated by using rat anterior pituitary glands incubated in vitro. A 50% stimulation over control values was observed at insulin concentrations above 2μm (280munits/ml). The effect was specific for growth hormone biosynthesis, over the range 1–5μm-insulin (140–700munits/ml). Lower more physiological concentrations had no significant effect in this system. Above 10μm (1.4 units/ml) total protein synthesis was also increased. The stimulation of growth hormone synthesis could be partially blocked by the addition of actinomycin D, suggesting that RNA synthesis was involved. Insulin was found to stimulate the rate of glucose utilization in a similar way to growth hormone synthesis. 2-Deoxyglucose and phloridzin, which both prevented insulin from stimulating glucose utilization, also prevented the effect of insulin on growth hormone synthesis. If glucose was replaced by fructose in the medium, the effect of insulin on growth hormone synthesis was decreased. We conclude that the rate of utilization of glucose may be an important step in mediating the effect of insulin on growth hormone synthesis.

Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Levels in Maternal Blood and the Cord Blood of Full-Term Infants

1989 ◽  
Vol 78 (s349) ◽  
pp. 145-145
Author(s):  
S. HATEMI ◽  
H.H. HATEMI ◽  
C. GULBABA ◽  
T. GULBABA ◽  
H. BOZKURT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Growth Factor I

Posttranscriptional regulation of rat growth hormone gene expression: increased message stability and nuclear polyadenylation accompany thyroid hormone depletion

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2624-2632
Author(s):  
D Murphy ◽  
K Pardy ◽  
V Seah ◽  
D Carter
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Gh Gene ◽  
Rat Growth ◽  
Pituitary Glands

In thyroid hormone-depleted rats, the rate of transcription of the growth hormone (GH) gene in the anterior pituitary gland is lower than the rate in euthyroid controls, and there is a corresponding reduction in the abundance of the GH mRNA. Concomitantly, the poly(A) tail of the GH mRNA increases in length. Examination of nuclear RNA from anterior pituitary glands of control and thyroid hormone-depleted rats revealed no difference in the length of pre-mRNAs containing the first and last introns of the GH gene. However, mature nuclear GH RNA is differentially polyadenylated in euthyroid and hypothyroid animals. We suggest that the extent of polyadenylation of the GH transcript is regulated in the cell nucleus concomitant with or subsequent to the splicing of the pre-mRNA. Experiments with anterior pituitary gland explant cultures demonstrated that the GH mRNA from thyroid hormone-depleted rats is more stable than its euthyroid counterpart and that the poly(A) tail may contribute to the differential stability of free GH ribonucleoproteins.

A STUDY OF PROLACTIN-LIKE ACTIVITY IN INDIVIDUAL HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA M. NICHOLSON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Human Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Prolactin ◽  
Individual Human

SUMMARY Polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of aqueous extracts of individual human anterior pituitary glands failed to identify a protein with lactogenic activity which was characteristic of pregnancy and the post-partum period. Lactogenic activity, determined by a semi-quantitative rabbit mammary gland organ culture assay, was largely associated with the growth hormone fraction. The total prolactin activity of individual anterior pituitary glands was determined by a 'local' intradermal pigeon crop sac method. The glands from pregnant and parturient women did not contain a higher concentration of prolactin than those of men or non-pregnant non-lactating women. These results do not provide any evidence for the existence of a human pituitary prolactin distinct from growth hormone. Reasons for this are discussed.

scholarly journals Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease following human growth hormone therapy: case report

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (2B) ◽  
pp. 458-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Otávio Sales Ferreira Caboclo ◽  
Nancy Huang ◽  
Guilherme Alves Lepski ◽  
José Antônio Livramento ◽  
Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Growth Hormone Therapy ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Autopsy Material ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
Mri Sequences

We report the case of a 41-year-old man with iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) acquired after the use of growth hormone (GH) obtained from a number of pituitary glands sourced from autopsy material. The incubation period of the disease (from the midpoint of treatment to the onset of clinical symptoms) was rather long (28 years). Besides the remarkable cerebellar and mental signs, the patient exhibited sleep disturbance (excessive somnolence) from the onset of the symptoms, with striking alteration of the sleep architecture documented by polysomnography. 14-3-3 protein was detected in the CSF, and MRI revealed increased signal intensity bilaterally in the striatum, being most evident in diffusion-weighted (DW-MRI) sequences. This is the second case of iatrogenic CJD associated with the use of GH reported in Brazil.

EFFECT OF NEONATAL HYPERTHYROIDISM ON PITUITARY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN THE RAT

1964 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. EAYRS ◽  
R. L. HOLMES
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Neonatal Hyperthyroidism ◽  
And Function

SUMMARY 1. Infant rats were given doses of l-triiodothyronine (T3) alone and combined with growth hormone during different periods of development. The effects of these treatments on the growth of the body and on the size and structure of the pituitary and thyroid glands have been examined. 2. At the dose levels given, the growth of the body and of the thyroid and pituitary glands was impaired. This impairment persisted in rats treated during the first 24 days of life and in animals in which treatment was confined to the 2–4th days long after injections had been discontinued and well into adult life. It did not persist in rats in which treatment was begun after the 14th day of age. 3. There were no obvious structural changes in the thyroid gland apart from its reduced size. All treatments were followed by pituitary changes characterized by a severe reduction, both in relative and absolute amount, of acidophilic tissue. There was only minor restoration of these changes after discontinuation of the hormone treatment except in rats injected after the 14th day in which recovery was complete. Changes in the amount of mucoid tissue (PAS-positive cells) were variable and generally of doubtful statistical significance. Non-secretory tissue was unaffected. 4. Administration of growth hormone in combination with T3 for the first 24 days of life did not give rise to effects which were noticeably different from those of giving T3 alone over the same period. 5. Possible explanations for these findings and the interrelationship between the pituitary changes and impaired growth are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document