“Trump”—What Does the Name Signify? or, Protofascism and the Alt-Right

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Flisfeder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis

This article examines the rise of the alt-right and Donald Trump’s successful campaign for president of the United States in the context of three overlapping contradictions: that of subversion in postmodern culture and politics, that between the democratic and commercial logics of the media, and that of the failure of the Left in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. The article looks at the rise of “Trumpism” and the new brand of white nationalist and misogynistic culture of the so-called alt-right in its historical context to show how it is consistent with but also distinguished from previous right-wing ideologies. More generally, the three contradictions presented here are proposed as explanations for understanding the mainstreaming of the alt-right in contemporary politics and culture.

Liberating Afghan Women

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Afghan Women ◽  
The Media ◽  
Policy Priority

Public opinion in the United States and elsewhere celebrated the liberation of Afghan women following the defeat of the Taliban government. The United States promised to stay in Afghanistan and foster security, economic development, and human rights for all, especially women. After years of funding various anti- Soviet Mujahidin warlords, the United States had agreed to help reconstruct the country once before in 1992, when the Soviet-backed government fell, but had lost interest when the warlords began to fight among themselves. This time, however, it was going to be different. To date, however, conditions have not improved for most Afghan women and reconstruction has barely begun. How did this happen? This article explores media presentations of Afghan women and then compares them with recent reports from human rights organizations and other eyewitness accounts. It argues that the media depictions were built on earlier conceptions of Muslim societies and allowed us to adopt a romantic view that disguised or covered up the more complex historical context of Afghan history and American involvement in it. We allowed ourselves to believe that Afghans were exotic characters who were modernizing or progressing toward a western way of life, despite the temporary setback imposed by the Taliban government. In Afghanistan, however, there was a new trope: the feminist Afghan woman activist. Images of prominent Afghan women sans burqa were much favored by the mass media and American policymakers. The result, however, was not a new focus on funding feminist political organizations or making women’s rights a foreign policy priority; rather, it was an unwillingness to fulfill obligations incurred during decades of American-funded mujahidin warfare, to face the existence of deteriorating conditions for women, resumed opium cultivation, and a resurgent Taliban, or to commit to a multilateral approach that would bring in the funds and expertise needed to sustain a long-term process of reconstruction.

Campaigns and Elections in a Changing Media Landscape

2019 ◽  
pp. 403-426
Author(s):  
Michael X. Delli Carpini ◽  
Bruce A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Media ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Campaigns And Elections ◽  
The Media

The media landscape of countries across the globe is changing in profound ways that are of relevance to the study and practice of political campaigns and elections. This chapter uses the concept of media regimes to put these changes in historical context and describe the major drivers that lead to a regime’s formation, institutionalization, and dissolution. It then turns to a more detailed examination of the causes and qualities of what is arguably a new media regime that has formed in the United States; the extent to which this phenomenon has or is occurring (albeit in different ways) elsewhere; and how the conduct of campaigns and elections are changing as a result. The chapter concludes with thoughts on the implications of the changing media landscape for the study and practice of campaigns and elections specifically, and democratic politics more generally.

The Great Reversal

Divested ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 9-27
Author(s):  
Ken-Hou Lin ◽  
Megan Tobias Neely
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Good Thing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Natural Result ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter discusses the definition of finance and the meaning of financialization, a concept introduced long before the 2008 financial crisis that has since gained popularity in both academic and public discussion. It argues that finance, while having served an important function in many societies, has become too much of a good thing in the United States, and cites evidence demonstrating its extraordinary growth in and beyond the last quarter of the 20th century. The chapter also provides a brief historical account that identifies the political and institutional roots of financialization, from the Bretton Woods Agreement to the political reorientation in the 1980s, underscoring that the shift was not a natural result of capitalist economy but a historical product contingent on a wide variety of developments.

scholarly journals The Effect of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis on the Efficiency of Large U.S. Commercial Banks

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Seyed Mehdian ◽  
Rasoul Rezvanian ◽  
Ovidiu Stoica
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Mortgage Loans ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis

AbstractThe 2008 financial crisis, originated by securitization of sub-prime mortgage loans, had a huge impact on U.S. financial institutions and markets. We hypothesize that due to this crisis, the commercial banking industry has changed their portfolio structures and risk-taking behavior. To shed light on the response of U.S. banks to the 2008 financial crisis, we use the non-parametric approach to measure and compare the overall efficiency of large U.S. banks pre- and post-2008 financial crisis. We then decompose the overall measure of efficiency into allocative, overall technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency measures to better understand the sources of banking inefficiencies. The results indicate that large U.S. banks indeed changed their portfolios structure, and the efficiency of large commercial banks in the United States declined substantially during the financial crisis. Although it has been recovering since then, it still has not reached to the pre-crisis efficiency level.

Assessing the Impact of the 2008 Financial Crisis on the Labor Force, Employment, and Wages of Persons with Disabilities in Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Garrido-Cumbrera ◽  
Jorge Chacón-García
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Wage ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

The financial crisis of 2008 has had a greater effect on people with disabilities than on those without disabilities in Spain. In recent years, the number of persons with disabilities registered as part of the labor force and having a higher educational level has increased. However, the unemployment rate among people with disabilities has grown at a faster pace, especially for women and young people. A similar situation has occurred with respect to the annual gross average wage; the gap between those with and without disabilities has increased in the years following the crisis. The present study reveals that Spanish public policies aimed at improving levels of employment for people with disabilities have not achieved the expected results. Here, we explore the possible causes and compare the results with those obtained in the United States.

scholarly journals LEGAL CHALLENGES AFFECTING OFFSHORE TRUSTS POST 2008 FINANCIAL CRISIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Hingun
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis

The phenomenal growth of offshore trusts valued in billions of dollars at the end of the last century as a result of its ability to attract, transfer and protect substantial sums of money from the settlor’s country to overseas jurisdictions with the potential to save, reduce, avoid and evade taxes have been subjected to critical examination by tax authorities, the courts, non-governmental organisations and the media, especially in the years following the 2008 financial crisis. The objective of this paper to briefly introduce the nature and uses of offshore is trusts and to focus on some of the important challenges they face in a hostile environment. An area of evolving interest is the secrecy issue inherent in offshore trusts which has been abused as a veil for tax avoidance/tax evasion.

Old Utopias, New Tax Havens

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-98
Author(s):  
Stefan Eich
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Tax Havens ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Form ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis

Cryptocurrencies are frequently framed as future-oriented, technological innovations that decentralize money, thereby liberating it from centralized governance and the political tentacles of the state. This is misleading on several counts. First, electronic currencies cannot leave the politics of money behind even where they aim to disavow it. Instead, we can understand their impact as a political attempt to depoliticize money. Second, the dramatic price swings of cryptocurrencies challenge their self-fashioning as a new form of money and reveal them instead as speculative assets and securities in need of regulation. While the preferential tax and regulatory treatment of cryptocurrencies hinges on their nominal currency status, it is ironically precisely their success as speculative assets that has undermined these claims. Finally, far from heralding a radical break with the past, electronic currencies serve as a reminder of the unresolved global politics of money since the 1970s. To support these three interrelated theses this chapter places the rise of cryptocurrencies in the historical context of the international politics of money between the end of the Bretton Woods system and the response to the 2008 Financial Crisis.

scholarly journals Exploring Systemic Risk of Chinese SIFIs using a Simplified SRISK Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jamal Haider ◽  
Adrian Hemmes ◽  
Gao Changchun ◽  
Tayyaba Akram
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Economic Slowdown ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis

The exposure of banks to systemic risk has been rising in an ever more financialized and interconnected economy. In China, economic slowdown and more non-performing loans mean that the financial system has operate in an increasingly stressed environment, strengthening the vulnerability of future systemic shortfall. In this study, systemic risk in Chinese systematically important financial institutions (SIFIs) is analyzed using a simplified SRISK model. The results are set into historical context, its characteristics are illustrated, and compared to an existing risk index. With that the study contributes to the existing literature by exploring application the SRISK model from a regulatory framework and illustrating some of its implications on Chinese SIFIs. The key findings include (1) an increasing trend of systemic risk exposure and (2) evidence for a divergence between volatility and systemic risk since the 2008 financial crisis.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Quantitative Easing dan Tapering Off serta Indikator Makroekonomi terhadap Nilai Tukar Rupiah

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-85
Author(s):  
Almuyasa Vidia Dinata ◽  
Siskarossa Ika Oktora
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
The United States ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Quantitative Easing ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Current Period ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis

Since the 2008 financial crisis, rupiah’s volatility has experienced high volatility. This volatility is indicated associated with other macroeconomic indicators such as BI-Rate, export-import ratio, CPI, IHSG, and foreign exchange reserves against the rupiah exchange rate. In addition, in terms of an external factor, there is a nonconventional monetary policy package taken by The Fed to restore the economy of the United States after the 2008 financial crisis called Quantitative Easing (QE) and Tapering Off (TO). This study aims to see the effect of these two policies and macroeconomic variables on the rupiah exchange rate. This research uses time-series data from January 2005-December 2017 is carried out using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method. Based on the result, we concluded that the model obtained was ARDL (3,0,5,0,4,3). We found that rupiah exchange rate 1st and 3rd lag, export-import ratio 3rd lag, foreign exchange reserves current period, CPI 4th lag, IHSG current period, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd lag, and the QE policy significantly affect the rupiah’s volatility. This shows that the stability of the rupiah is not only based on fundamental economic variables but also based on the monetary policies of other countries.

A Crisis of Compassion

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ala Sirriyeh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Scripts ◽  
Asylum Policy ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
The Media ◽  
Immigration And Asylum ◽  
The Uk

This book examines the role of compassion and its relationship to other emotions in asylum and immigration policy discourses in Australia, the UK and the United States. Focusing on the case of undocumented immigrants and refugees, it analyses the politics of compassion in immigration and asylum policy within the broader landscape of the rise of political cultural scripts such as ‘humanitarian reason’, ‘liberal terror’ and ‘compassionate conservativism’ in contemporary politics. This chapter presents an outline of the book's argument, first by considering the media and public hostility towards certain populations of migrants and refugees and then how compassion works as the workings of compassion as a basic social emotion. It then discusses the policy case studies that illustrate the role of a discourse of compassion within recent immigration and asylum policy debates in Australia, the UK and the United States. It also provides an overview of the chapters that follow.

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