Viapolitics

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Labor Migrants

Vehicles, their infrastructures, and the environments they traverse are fundamental to the movement of migrants and states' attempts to govern them. This volume's contributors use the concept of viapolitics to name and foreground this contested entanglement and examine the politics of migration and bordering across a range of sites. They show how these elements constitute a key site of knowledge and struggle in migratory processes and offer a privileged vantage point from which to interrogate practices of mobility and systems of control in their deeper histories and wider geographic connections. This transdisciplinary group of scholars explores a set of empirically rich and diverse cases: from the Spanish and European authorities' attempts to control migrants' entire trajectories to infrastructures of escort of Indonesian labor migrants; from deportation train cars in the 1920s United States to contemporary stowaways at sea; from illegalized migrants walking across treacherous Alpine mountain passes to aerial geographies of deportation. Throughout, Viapolitics interrogates anew the phenomenon called “migration,” questioning how different forms of contentious mobility are experienced, policed, and contested. Contributors. Ethan Blue, Maribel Casas-Cortes, Julie Y. Chu, Sebastian Cobarrubias, Glenda Garelli, Charles Heller, Sabine Hess, Bernd Kasparek, Clara Lecadet, Johan Lindquist, Renisa Mawani, Lorenzo Pezzani, Ranabir Samaddar, Amaha Senu, Martina Tazzioli, William Walters

scholarly journals Cosmopolitanism, Translocality, Astronoetics: A Multi-Local Vantage Point

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Gabriela Vargas-Cetina ◽  
Manpreet Kaur Kang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Special Volume ◽  
Multiple Flows ◽  
The World ◽  
Shed Light

The world in which we live is crisscrossed by multiple flows of people, information, non-human life, travel circuits and goods. At least since the Sixteenth Century, the Americas have received and generated new social, cultural and product trends. As we see through the case studies presented here, modern literature and dance, the industrialization of food and the race to space cannot be historicized without considering the role the Americas, and particularly the United States, have played in all of them. We also see, at the same time, how these flows of thought, art, science and products emerged from sources outside the Americas to then take root in and beyond the United States. The authors in this special volume are devising conceptual tools to analyze this multiplicity across continents and also at the level of particular nations and localities. Concepts such as cosmopolitanism, translocality and astronoetics are brought to shed light on these complex crossings, giving us new ways to look at the intricacy of these distance-crossing flows. India, perhaps surprisingly, emerges as an important cultural interlocutor, beginning with the idealized, imagined versions of Indian spirituality that fueled the romanticism of the New England Transcendentalists, to the importance of Indian dance pioneers in the world stage during the first part of the twentieth century and the current importance of India as a player in the race to space. 

Drugs in South America

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-476
Author(s):  
Julian H. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
South America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Parent Companies

Having just arrived to spend some time here in nutrition and health care studies, I realize that there are many cultural adjustments to be made. One which I find difficult to accept is the seemingly unbridled license which pharmaceutical houses (some of which number among our better-known ethical firms in the United States) take in manufacturing and promoting drugs in South America. Whether the parent companies lack control or lack concern, I am hard-pressed to pass judgment from this vantage point.

Manly Markets in le due Americhe, 1880–1914

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Zanoni
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Empire Building ◽  
Chamber Of Commerce ◽  
Transnational Family ◽  
Government Statistics ◽  
The Way

This chapter maps changing links between Italian migration and trade to the United States and Argentina. It focuses on Italian elites’ endeavors to exploit these links as part of larger nation- and empire-building projects. By comparing government statistics to elite representations of Italian people and food exports in trademarks and in Italian Chamber of Commerce publications, it argues that Italian leaders masculinized migrant marketplaces and the transnational paths in which they were embedded. Unlike neighboring European countries where ties between consumption and nationhood were increasingly associated with women, Italy’s massive emigration required linking Italian consumption to male citizens abroad. While labor migrants established profitable commercial routes in Italian exports, these gendered representations of manly markets overlooked the way transnational family economies restrained migrant consumption.

‘Mingled in an almost inextricable confusion’: the panics of 1873 and the experience of globalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-309
Author(s):  
Hannah Catherine Davies
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Financial Globalization

AbstractThis article analyses the transatlantic financial crises of 1873 from the vantage point of the three countries that were most affected by it, Austria, Germany, and the United States, focusing on the experience of economic globalization and disintegration for actors on both sides of the Atlantic. It compares the perception of financial commentators and financiers of the panics in 1873, when the experience of integration was asymmetrical, and more pronounced in Germany and Austria than in the United States. It further argues that this asymmetrical experience of contagion shaped the monetary debates of the 1870s in all three countries. Focusing on the interrelationship and coexistence of experiences of integration and isolation, the article maintains that, despite the panics’ near-synchronicity, financial globalization remained difficult to see.

Migration as “Home”

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
Rona Tamiko Halaulani
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Native Hawaiian ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
The Everyday

Across the continental United States, Hawaiians have migrated from Hawai'i, or the ancestral homeland of Hawaiians, and have created a burgeoning diaspora. More Hawaiians are also born on the continent in between the defining (and dominating) memory of Hawai'i and the everyday contexts of the mainland. In this essay, I speak from the vantage point as a member of the diasporic Hawaiian generation (mainland Hawaiian generation) and the daughter of a Native Hawaiian father who migrated for work. Here I narrate how the notion of “migration” itself has become a type of “home” for me after years of frenetic searching, nostalgic longing, and a quest to find my cultural “center” or “whole” as a Native Hawaiian born and raised off island. I share my own diasporic narratives of identity and belonging as a mainland Hawaiian and how being in the diaspora—in between and in connection to but away from my ancestral homeland—has become “home” for me.

Rebuilding the American State: Evidence from the 1940s

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Katznelson ◽  
Bruce Pietrykowski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Linear Scale ◽  
Woodrow Wilson ◽  
National State ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Political Science

From the vantage point of a critical moment in the history of statebuilding in the United States, we wish to take a fresh look at questions about the resources and wherewithal of the national state. Within modern American political science, a focus on state capacity is at least as old as the landmark essay by Woodrow Wilson on “The Study of Administration” and as current as the important scholarly impulse that has revived interest in the state at a time of struggle about the size and span of the federal government. The dominant motif of these various accounts of American statebuilding has been a concern with organizational assets, which usually are assayed by their placement on a linear scale of strength and weakness.

International Migration as an Issue on Today's Inter-American Agenda

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Migration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Profile ◽  
The Us ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The One

As a frequent concern both of governments and of the public at large in Western Hemisphere nations, international migration is now more prominent than at any time since 1980. The episodic flow of seaborne refugees from Haiti since 1991 has been a key factor in spurring the inter-American community to oppose Haiti's military rulers. The flotilla of rafts leaving Cuba since early August 1994 has engendered high-profile negotiations on migration between Washington and Havana. The stream of undocumented labor migrants from Mexico to the United States has regained momentum since the late 1980s and is encountering increased public criticism, especially in the western United States.Underlying these instances of political tension is a strong, and only partially-met, demand for migration to the United States from parts of Latin America and the Caribbean on the one hand, and a growing anxiety in the US to “control the nation's borders” on the other.

LIVING BY DESIGN: C. R. ASHBEE'S GUILD OF HANDICRAFT AND TWO ENGLISH TOLSTOYAN COMMUNITIES, 1897–1907

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Maltz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ralph Waldo Emerson ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
William Morris ◽  
Market Town ◽  
Edward Carpenter ◽  
Back To The Land

Shortly before C. R. Ashbee transplanted a hundred and fifty Cockneys to Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, in 1902 to form a utopian arts-and-crafts community, two other back-to-the-land settlements were also established, one located outside the market town of Stroud, a mere bicycle ride away from Ashbee and his guild. These Tolstoyan colonies – Purleigh, founded in 1896 in Essex, and Whiteway, founded in 1898 in the Cotswolds – fostered goals of fellowship and the simplification of life, as had been modeled by Henry Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Walt Whitman in the United States and Edward Carpenter in Britain. Yet, whereas Ashbee was inspired by the model of William Morris and nostalgia for a pre-industrial England, English Tolstoyans looked not to craft, but to a less Aesthetic “bread labor” as a respite from modernity's corruption. Visiting Whiteway in 1904, Ashbee observed the Tolstoyans’ struggles to live off the land and commented, “they hold the other end of the stick we are ourselves shaping at Campden” (qtd. in MacCarthy 100). As his metaphor implied, both groups shared utopian aspirations, but Whiteway's settlers had sought the perfection of life from another vantage point and through other means. Ashbee regarded the austerity of their lives with distance and, as we will see, even with some distaste. Nevertheless, some features of the guildsmen's lifestyle at Chipping Campden mirrored those at Whiteway. This essay uses memoirs and fictions by C. R. Ashbee, his spouse, Janet Ashbee, and the Tolstoyans to disentangle the threads of “Aestheticism” and “simplification,” and to mark places of their conflation.

The Children of Immigrants and Host-Society Educational Systems: Mexicans in the United States and North Africans in France

2009 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 1444-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Alba ◽  
Roxane Silberman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Educational Experiences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Children Of Immigrants ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Wage Labor ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Two Systems

Background/Context The educational fate of the children of low-wage immigrants is a salient issue in all the economically developed societies that have received major immigration flows since the 1950s. The article considers the way in which educational systems in the two countries structure the educational experiences and shape the opportunities of the children of immigrants. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study This article examines the educational experiences of the children of Mexican immigrants in the United States and of North African immigrants in France. Both groups are low-wage labor migrants with low educational attainment relative to the native born. Research Design The article uses data from the U.S. Census and the 2003 Formation Qualification Professionelle Survey in France, as well as analysis of other research on the two countries, to compare educational processes and attainment for the two groups. Conclusions/Recommendations The comparison of the two systems shows that although the French and U.S. educational systems differ in many ways, the outcomes are in fact quite similar. In both systems, the children of low-wage labor migrants are tracked into the low streams of the educational hierarchy and have lower attainment than their native-born peers. At the same time, in both countries, a small percentage of children of immigrants do manage to succeed. The authors conclude that despite apparent differences between the two systems, residential segregation and educational tracking produce these similar outcomes, which also reflect the determination of native-born middle-class parents to preserve their privileged status and to thwart efforts to make the educational system more open.

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