Seviotics of the Text and the Role of of the Reader in the Work «Six Walks in the Literary Woods» by Umberto Eco

В статье раскрывается значение термина «семиотика» и даётся научное определение семиотике как науке, с её характерными целями и задачами; рассматривается вклад основных представителей данного направления в развитие семиологии как науки. К ним относятся: швейцарский ученый, стоявший у истоков Женевской лингвистической школы, заложивший основы семиологии и структурной лингвистики, - Фердинанд де Соссюр; американский философ, сформулировавший термин «прагматика», - Чарльз Уильям Моррис; основоположник семиотики и прагматизма, математик и логик Чарльз Сандерс Пирс. На основе рассмотренных понятий анализируются избранные произведения известного итальянского писателя и ученого, внёсшего весомый вклад как в область теоретического, так и практического применения научного инструментария семиотики как методологии, - Умберто Эко. На примере эссе «Шесть прогулок в литературных лесах» подробно исследована структура всего произведения, характерный для него тип повествования и позиция, которую занимает сам автор. The article reveals the meaning of the term «semiotics» and gives a scientific definition of semiotics as a science, with its characteristic goals and objectives; the contribution of the main representatives of this direction to the development of semiology as a science is considered. These include: the Swiss scientist who was at the origins of the Geneva Linguistic School, who laid the foundations of semiology and structural linguistics - Ferdinand de Saussure; the American philosopher who formulated the term «pragmatics» - Charles William Morris; the founder of semiotics and pragmatism, mathematician and logician Charles Sanders Pierce. On the basis of the considered concepts, the selected works of the famous Italian writer and scientist, who made a significant contribution to both the theoretical and practical application of the scientific tools of semiotics as a methodology, Umberto Eco, are analyzed. Using the example of the essay «Six Walks in the Literary Woods», the structure of the en-tire work, the type of narrative characteristic of it, and the position taken by the author himself are studied in detail.

The Byzantine Revival in Europe

The nineteenth-century interest in Byzantium was essentially a romantic revival following the Gothic revival, triggered by the imagination of Ludwig I of Bavaria and his passion for the Byzantine architecture of Italy. His acquisitional taste was taken up by his brother-in-law, Friedrich Wilhelm IV, in socio-political terms, and by Ludwig II on aesthetic terms. French interest in Byzantium was archaeological, connected to what was called Byzantine or Romanesque building in southwest France. Britain’s contribution was highly individualistic, depending on a small number of strong-minded characters who were willing to challenge the prevailing Gothic orthodoxies. Strengthened first by John Ruskin and then by William Morris, it shifted attention away from the “primitive” simplicity of Byzantine work to its simple majesty.

Color Matching Ondel-Ondel Gamification as Culture Edutainment for Children

Gamification can be one-approach children for playing while learning. Researchers proposed one gamification that using ondel-ondel; the giant Betawi dolls that famous, as Betawi icon that can be enjoyed in all Jakarta’s corners will be one of the media for children to learn how to color. Color Matching Ondel-Ondel is an offered coloring multimedia gamification, which inserted information on form elements of ondel-ondel’s attributes. This research used a merging method of gamification implementation in education and user-centered approach. To analyze the form elements of the ondel-ondel’s attribute, semiotic of William Morris had been used, that focus on form, content, context. Several children with positive responds have tried this gamification, they were not just excited and happy but also gave feedback to make this game more interesting and useful. It is expected to be more gamification using ondel-ondel as a main character and coloring gamification of other Betawi’s art and culture.

Accordance of William Morris Davis Theory with the Landscapes of the Earth Surface

The natural surface views of the earth's surface are actually like the broken mosaics that formed the earth's crust. The surface of the earth is composed of different views, which is has been existed due to different internal and external forces of the earth's crust, such as destructive operations of the earth's surface, terrestrial operations, orogenic operations, folds, protrusions and number of processes that cause changes in the Earth's crust. The complexities of natural landscapes are greater than the simple buildings and flatness of the surface those collectively introduce the features of the surface. Landscapes are usually better explained by understanding the factors that cause them, because each of the terrestrial landscapes are remnants of various geomorphological factors that cannot be easily identified and need further investigation. William Morris Davis is an American geomorphologist who was the first to offer a general view of the Earth's appearance.

A comunidade do não-lugar: William Morris e utopias passadas e futuras

Este artigo analisa a relação de duas obras de baixa ficção científica de William Morris (1834-1896), A Dream of John Ball (1888) e News from Nowhere (1890), comparando-as com os conceitos de comunidade, imunidade, arte e revolta conforme explorados por filósofos como Jean-Luc Nancy, Roberto Esposito, Jacques Rancière e Furio Jesi. William Morris foi um socialista, designer têxtil e escritor inglês durante o período vitoriano, fundador da Socialist League na Inglaterra; os romances aqui explorados trabalham com visões oníricas de potenciais comunidades socialistas ou proto-socialistas, tanto no futuro quanto no passado, e como tais comunidades seriam aos olhos de um viajante temporal inglês do período de Morris. Com base na comparação com diversos filósofos contemporâneos, percebe-se a afinidade do autor com a perspectiva de uma comunidade que rompe com pressupostos e limites bem definidos, sendo por necessidade utópica e inspiradora.

A comunidade do não-lugar: William Morris e utopias passadas e futuras

Este artigo analisa a relação de duas obras de baixa ficção científica de William Morris (1834-1896), A Dream of John Ball (1888) e News from Nowhere (1890), comparando-as com os conceitos de comunidade, imunidade, arte e revolta conforme explorados por filósofos como Jean-Luc Nancy, Roberto Esposito, Jacques Rancière e Furio Jesi. William Morris foi um socialista, designer têxtil e escritor inglês durante o período vitoriano, fundador da Socialist League na Inglaterra; os romances aqui explorados trabalham com visões oníricas de potenciais comunidades socialistas ou proto-socialistas, tanto no futuro quanto no passado, e como tais comunidades seriam aos olhos de um viajante temporal inglês do período de Morris. Com base na comparação com diversos filósofos contemporâneos, percebe-se a afinidade do autor com a perspectiva de uma comunidade que rompe com pressupostos e limites bem definidos, sendo por necessidade utópica e inspiradora.

KARST IN URBAN AREAS

In its third edition, the “William Morris Davis – Journal of Geomorphology” presents its second interview with geographers, to head the “Interviews” section, which opens each published issue. This time, it is the first international interview, carried out with Professor Philip van Beynen, from the University of South Florida, in the United States. Professor Philip van Beynen was interviewed on the topic “Karst in Urban Areas”, and brings important data on the subject, with beautiful illustrations and with examples from all over the world. The interview took place on September 17, 2020, with the participation of Vanda de Claudino-Sales (Professor of the Academic Master in Geography at the State University of Vale do Acarau-UVA) and Saulo Roberto Oliveira Vital (Professor of the Department of Geography and the Post-Graduate Program in Geography at the Federal University of Paraiba - UFPB), and was transcribed by Diego Nunes Valadares, master's student on Geography at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Professor van Beynen was born in New Zealand, where he received his degree in Geography at the University of Auckland. He earned a master's degree from the same university, and a doctorate and post-doctorate from McMaster University, Canada. He has been a professor at the School of Geoscience at the University of South Florida since 2009, where he has been developing research related to different components of karst environments. The interview shows his great expertise on the subject, and is very much worth to be read and seen even for those who are not specialists in karst.

National internationalism in late 19th-century utopias by Mór Jókai, Edward Bellamy, and William Morris

The paper looks at two major representatives of fin-de-siècle utopian fiction, Edward Bellamy’s 1888 Looking Backward 2000–1887, William Morris’s 1890 News from Nowhere, and an earlier work by the Hungarian novelist Mór Jókai, The Novel of the Century to Come (A jövő század regénye, 1872–1874). I examine their various strategies regarding the spatial and historical aspects of utopian transformation as well as their respective positions toward the relation of commerce and community. On the whole, I suggest that the pattern of nationally informed or biased internationalism that seems to underlie all three novels might be traced back to the enlightened concept of patriotic cosmopolitanism.