Dye Transport Across the Retinal Basement Membrane of the Blowfly Calljphora Erythrocephala

1989 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
E. WEYRAUTHER ◽  
J. G.H. ROEBROEK ◽  
D. G. STAVENGA
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Lucifer Yellow ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Calliphora Erythrocephala ◽  
Time Constants ◽  
Dye Transport ◽  
Procion Yellow ◽  
Active Processes

In the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala, transport of dye into or out of the retina, following injection into the eye or thorax, was investigated, mainly by microspectrophotometry and fluorimetry. After injection into the eye, Phenol Red, Trypan Blue, Lucifer Yellow and 9-amino-acridine were transported out of the retina; Procion Yellow and Rhodamine-123 stayed in it. The time constants of this transport process were in the range 45–80 min at 23°C, depending on the dye. When Lucifer Yellow was injected into the thorax, it was transported into the retina. The transport of these dyes across the retina was inhibited by nitrogen, ouabain and low temperature, indicating that active processes are involved.

scholarly journals Lithium abundances in late main sequence stars. The case of the hyades

1984 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 529-531
Author(s):  
A. Baglin ◽  
P.J. Morel
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Main Sequence ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Main Sequence Stars

It is well known that light elements like lithium are good indicators of the hydrodynamical behaviour of the outerlayers of the stars. As they are nuclearly destroyed at low temperature, i.e. close to the surface, their surface abundances reflect the nature of the transport process at work between the photosphere and the nuclear destruction region.

scholarly journals Growth of Defect-Induced Carbon Nanotubes for Low-Temperature Fruit Monitoring Sensor

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Nagih M. Shaalan ◽  
Osama Saber ◽  
Faheem Ahmed ◽  
Abdullah Aljaafari ◽  
Shalendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Sensor Response ◽  
Time Constants ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Response And Recovery

Herein, a carbon nanotubes-based sensor has been grown for the purpose of ethylene detection. The prepared CNTs had a crystalline structure with a smooth surface of 11.0 nm in diameter and 10.0 µm in length. The low-intensity graphite peak (G-band) as compared to the peak of the defect (D-band) characterizes the defects in the CNTs. An MWNTs-gas sensor was fabricated for monitoring the ethylene gas. The highest response was recorded at a low operating temperature of 30 °C. The sensor was also examined at 300 ppb up to 10 ppm and it showed a response of 2% up to 28%. The sensor response and recovery time constants were varied from 60 to 300 s, depending on the gas concentration. The results that were obtained for the synthetic ethylene gas were also compared with the real measurements for banana ripening. The results confirmed that the sensor is appropriate for the monitoring of fruit ripening.

scholarly journals Bacterial Streak and Bulb Rot of Onion: I. A Diagnostic Medium for the Semiselective Isolation and Enumeration of Pseudomonas viridiflava

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 897-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gitaitis ◽  
D. Sumner ◽  
D. Gay ◽  
D. Smittle ◽  
G. McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Pseudomonas Viridiflava ◽  
Infested Field ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bulb Rot

A semiselective, diagnostic agar medium (T-5) and low temperature incubation technique were developed for recovering Pseudomonas viridiflava from the environment or plant material. Medium T-5 contains the following per liter: NaCl, 5.0 g; NH4H2PO4, 1.0 g; K2HPO4, 1.0 g; MgSO4·H2O, 0.2 g; D-tartaric acid, 3.0 g; phenol red, 0.01 g; agar, 20.0 g; bacitracin, 10 mg; vancomycin, 6 mg; cycloheximide, 75 mg; novobiocin, 45 mg; penicillin G, 5 mg. The pH is adjusted to 7.4. Antibiotics are added aseptically after autoclaving. P. viridiflava recovery from artificially infested, field-soil (Tifton loamy-sand), with a cropping history of no onion production, was high, with a corresponding reduction of 99.99% of nontarget bacteria. However, soils from fields with a long history of onion production, near Vidalia, Georgia, contained significantly larger populations of background microflora that grew on medium T-5. Incubation at 5°C reduced contaminating microflora 1,000- to 10,000-fold with no reduction in recovery of the target organism. However, this low temperature incubation required an increased incubation period of 3 weeks and reduced the level of fluorescence of P. viridiflava.

Functional Characterization and Anatomical Identification of Motion Sensitive Neurons in the Lobula plate of the Blowfly Calliphora erythrocephala

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hausen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Identified Neurons ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Calliphora Erythrocephala ◽  
Lobula Plate ◽  
Intracellular Injection ◽  
Procion Yellow

8 classes of homo- and heterolateral wide field neurons of the Lobula plate of Calliphora erythrocephala were investigated electrophysiologically and identified by intracellular injection of procion yellow. All recorded neurons were motion-sensitive. Some of the homolateral neurons respond only with graded potentials to visual stimulation; all heterolateral elements generate spike potentials. Connections between identified neurons were investigated by means of simultaneous double recordings. The described neurons are compared with units known from earlier extracellular studies.

scholarly journals What process causes the slowdown of pressure solution creep

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renchao Lu ◽  
Chaojie Cheng ◽  
Thomas Nagel ◽  
Harald Milsch ◽  
Hideaki Yasuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Process ◽  
Creep Behaviour ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Stress Redistribution ◽  
Pressure Solution ◽  
List Type ◽  
Surface Boundary ◽  
Solute Accumulation ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
Rate Limiting

Abstract The slowdown of pressure solution creep has been thought to be caused by stress redistribution. This study presents a fresh view towards this creep behaviour. Basically, two rate-limiting mechanisms come into play amid pressure solution creep: (1) stress redistribution across expanding inter-granular contacts and (2) solute accumulation in the water film. Because non-hydrostatic dissolution occurs under open system conditions, solute accumulation in the water film is constrained by the ensuing solute transport process. Relying on the matter exchange across the contact surface boundary, the active processes in the voids, e.g., solute migration and deposition, affect pressure solution creep. Based upon the above, we sum up two requirements that have to be met for achieving chemical compaction equilibrium: (1) the Gibbs free energy of reaction, i.e., the driving force of non-hydrostatic dissolution process, gets depleted and (2) the concentration gradient between the water film and surrounding pore water vanishes. Highlights The slowdown of pressure solution creep is a combined result of stress migration across contacts and solute accumulation in the water film. Matter exchange with the surroundings inhibits solute accumulation in the water film. This article identifies two prerequisites that need to be fulfilled for achieving chemical compaction equilibrium.

Polymer time constants during low temperature nanoimprint lithography

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2963 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-C. Scheer ◽  
N. Bogdanski ◽  
M. Wissen ◽  
T. Konishi ◽  
Y. Hirai
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Time Constants

scholarly journals A contact study in hole conductor free perovskite solar cells with low temperature processed carbon electrodes

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
pp. 20732-20737 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Li ◽  
J. X. Yao ◽  
X. Y. Liao ◽  
R. L. Yu ◽  
H. R. Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Carrier Transport ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Band Diagram ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cell ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Band Diagram ◽  
Solar Cell Device

(a) A schematic structure of the perovskite solar cell device and (b) the corresponding energy band diagram and the carrier transport process.

scholarly journals Phosphate Uptake by Phosphate-Starved Euglena

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. BLUM
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Transport Process ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Uptake System ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Na Ions ◽  
Active Transport Process ◽  
Rule Out

Phosphate-deprived Euglena acquire the ability to rapidly in-corporate added phosphate and, also, synthesize an induced acid phosphatase localized in the pellicle. The phosphate uptake system is saturated at low concentrations of phosphate and is inhibited by dinitrophenol, by low temperature, by K+, Li+, and Na+ ions, and competitively by arsenate. The orthophosphate incorporated into the cell is rapidly converted into organic forms but enough remains unesterified to suggest that the uptake is an active transport process. The data do not rule out the possibility that the induced phosphatase is involved in the transport process.

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