scholarly journals Observations on the Distribution of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in Explanted Cells

1942 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
S. A. BARNETT
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Adrenal Cells ◽  
Growth Promoting

Heart, bone and adrenal cells from chick embryos were cultured in growth-promoting media in vitro; their ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content was investigated by the acid silver nitrate method. Few cells were found to contain ascorbic acid; those containing most were degenerate; others showed a silver precipitate in the Golgi substance. The results are discussed.

Decreased Platelet Vitamin C in Diabetes Mellitus; Possible Role in Peraggregatoon

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.E. Sarji ◽  
J. Gonzalez ◽  
H. Hempling ◽  
J.A. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Dose Dependent Fashion ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic ◽  
Induced Aggregation

To determine whether Vitamin C might relate to the increased platelet sensitivity in the diabetic, we have measured levels of platelet Vitamin C and studied the effects of Vitamin C on platelet aggregation. Ascorbic acid levels in washed platelets from diabetics were significantly lower than from normals (4s.2±3 μg/1010 platelets vs. 2s.s±2 μg/1010 platelets, p<.001). The effects of ascorbic acid on platelet aggregation in vitro were studied by adding ascorbic acid in buffered solution (pH 7.35) prior to-aggregating agents. Ascorbic acid in platelet-rich plasma consistently inhibited platelet aggregation with threshold concentrations of ADP, epinephrine, and collagen. With washed platelets, ascorbic acid inhibited arachidonic, acid-induced aggregation. When platelets were incubated at 37°C for 10 minutes with varying concentrations of ascorbic acid, rewashed, and aggregation with arachidonic acid tested, aggregation was inhibited in a linear dose-dependent fashion. Oral ingestion of ascorbic acid (2 gm/day) for seven days by normal non-smoking males produced a marked inhibition of aggregation. In a similar study, platelets from an insulin-dependent diabetic showed no change in aggregation. These results suggest that platelet levels of ascorbic acid may relate to the hyperaggregat ion of platelets from diabetics.

Dietary regulation of intestinal ascorbate uptake in guinea pigs

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (1) ◽  
pp. G108-G118 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Karasov ◽  
B. W. Darken ◽  
M. C. Bottum
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Dietary Regulation ◽  
Intestinal Brush Border ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Ascorbate Uptake

We measured ascorbic acid (AA) uptake across the intestinal brush border in vitro in intact tissue from guinea pigs fed maintenance AA (200 mg/kg diet) or made hypervitaminotic (5,000 mg/kg diet) or hypovitaminotic (chronically and acutely). Total uptake per centimeter ileum was 25-50% lower in hypervitaminotic juvenile, adult male, and lactating guinea pigs compared with their respective controls, whereas carrier-mediated D-glucose uptake and Na(+)-independent AA uptake were similar. High dietary ascorbate specifically reduced the Vmax for carrier-mediated AA uptake. Hypovitaminosis had no significant effect on uptake of AA or other solutes. We performed diet-switching experiments (high-AA diet to maintenance diet) with young and adult guinea pigs to determine the reversibility of the downregulation. In adult guinea pigs, the downregulation of AA uptake was reversible within 7 days. In the young of mothers fed high AA during pregnancy and lactation, and which fed on high AA for 14 days after weaning, the downregulation was reversible within 14 days. Thus regulation of AA uptake is reversible and therefore probably does not play a significant role in the development of vitamin C dependency in human adults, or their young, after ingestion of megadoses of ascorbic acid.

scholarly journals In Vitro Dissolution Evidence for Sustained and Prolonged Release of Vitamin C in a Phosphatidyl Choline-Enriched Lipid Encapsulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1328-1328
Author(s):  
Mastaneh Sharafi ◽  
Tyler White ◽  
Kelli Fowler ◽  
Kevin Ewell ◽  
Noe Galvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Phosphatidyl Choline ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate

Abstract Objectives In vitro dissolution tests are valuable first-step tools in the development of bioavailable delivery systems, making it possible to assess the performance of novel technologies in releasing active ingredients through the amount dissolved in a dissolution medium. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether phosphatidyl choline-enriched lipid encapsulation releases the majority of vitamin C as ascorbic acid past the stomach in a standard in vitro dissolution procedure and to assess the release profile. Methods A novel phosphatidyl choline-enriched lipid encapsulation that is solid at room temperature was tested for dissolution in a standard dissolution apparatus according to compendial United States Pharmacopeia methods, as per Good Manufacturing Practices for dietary supplements. One serving (included 1000 mg ascorbic acid) was placed into vessels containing simulated gastric fluid (0.1 M HCl) for 120 minutes then changed to simulated intestinal fluid (buffered 2% sodium lauryl sulfate, pH 6.8) for an additional 360 minutes. Aliquots were tested for ascorbic acid concentration at 8 time points by titration. The data was compared with 1000 mg of regular ascorbic acid in a capsule format. Results The phosphatidyl choline-enriched lipid encapsulation released 36% of the vitamin C at 2 hours in the acid phase and released 56% at 3 hours, 67% at 4 hours, 85% at 6 hours and 98% at 8 hours in the intestinal phase. Regular vitamin C filled capsules released 100% of the vitamin C at 30 minutes. Conclusions The dissolution results indicated that phosphatidyl choline-enriched lipid encapsulation can pass the stomach and release the majority of vitamin C in the small intestine. The encapsulation demonstrated a sustained and prolonged release of vitamin C over an 8 hour period. The release profile observed in this in vitro study suggests phosphatidyl choline-enriched lipid encapsulation may improve nutrient absorption and bioavailability which requires further testing including human clinical trials. Funding Sources This study was supported by Lonza (Greenwood, SC) and Ritual (Natals Inc, Los Angeles, CA).

A Multicenter Phase II Study of Combination Treatment with Melphalan, Arsenic Trioxide and Vitamin C (MAC) for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 2564-2564 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Berenson ◽  
Ralph Boccia ◽  
David Siegel ◽  
Marek Bozdech ◽  
Alberto Bessudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Arsenic Trioxide ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Stable Disease ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
In Vivo Studies

Abstract Background: Despite the recent increase in treatment options for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), the disease remains largely incurable. Both arsenic trioxide (ATO) and melphalan have shown clinical activity in MM. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies in our laboratory have shown that arsenic trioxide sensitizes chemoresistant MM cells to melphalan-induced cytotoxicity; the addition of ascorbic acid (AA) further improves this effect. We conducted a multi-center clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this steroid-free combination, melphalan, ATO and vitamin C (MAC), for patients with relapsed/refractory MM. Methods: MM pts who relapsed after responding to 1st-line therapy and/or were refractory to prior treatment were enrolled. During week 1 of each 6-week cycle, pts received ATO, 0.25 mg/kg IV, followed by ascorbic acid (AA), 1 g IV, days 1–4. ATO followed by AA was given twice-weekly for the next 4 weeks of each cycle. Low-dose melphalan (0.10 mg/kg) was administered orally for the first 4 days of each cycle. Pts received a maximum of 6 cycles followed by weekly maintenance treatment with ATO and AA. The primary objectives of this study were to determine response rate and safety and tolerability of MAC therapy. Results: 65 patients have been enrolled and 51 are currently evaluable for response. 26 (1 CR, 10 PR, 15 MR) of the 51 evaluable patients (51%) had an objective response and an additional 14 patients achieved stable disease, resulting in a total of 40 patients (78%) with disease control. Among patients with elevated serum creatinine levels at baseline, renal function improved for those with responsive or stable disease. 20 of the 26 responding patients had failed ≥ 2 prior therapies: 19 pts had received prior thalidomide or lenalidomide therapy and 8 pts had received prior bortezomib. The regimen was well-tolerated with few significant side effects reported. Mild cytopenias occurred infrequently and were reversible. Conclusions: The results from this large multi-center phase II trial show that the MAC regimen is active in a group of MM patients who had either relapsed or were refractory to standard and/or investigational MM treatments. The regimen was well-tolerated even in this heavily pre-treated patient population. These findings are consistent with preclinical studies that showed the efficacy of this combination from both in vitro and in vivo studies.

scholarly journals Rinsing with L-Ascorbic Acid Exhibits Concentration-Dependent Effects on Human Gingival Fibroblast In Vitro Wound Healing Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tatcha Chaitrakoonthong ◽  
Ruchanee Ampornaramveth ◽  
Paksinee Kamolratanakul
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Fibroblast Migration ◽  
Matrix Gene

Vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid has diverse functions in the body, especially healing promotion in tissue injury via participating in the hydroxylation reactions required for collagen formation. Systemic administration of vitamin C plays an important role on gingival fibroblast proliferation and functions. Whether local or rinsing administration of vitamin C alters gingival fibroblast wound healing behavior remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the rinsing effect of vitamin C on gingival fibroblast behavior utilizing an in vitro wound healing model. Primary human gingival fibroblasts isolated from gingival tissue were rinsed with medium containing various concentrations of vitamin C. The rinsing effect of vitamin C on in vitro wound healing was assessed using a scratch test assay. Cell migration, cell viability, and extracellular matrix gene expression were analyzed by transwell migration assay, MTT assay, and real-time RT-PCR, respectively. We found that rinsing with 10 or 20 µg/ml vitamin C significantly increased fibroblast migration (p≤0.05). However, no significant effect was found in the cell viability or in vitro wound healing assays. In contrast, rinsing with 50 µg/ml vitamin C significantly delayed wound closure (p≤0.05). Real-time PCR demonstrated that 50 µg/ml vitamin C significantly increased fibroblast expression of COL1, FN, IL-6, and bFGF. The data demonstrate that rinsing with vitamin C (10/20 µg/ml) accelerates fibroblast migration. However, 50 µg/ml of vitamin C increases the expression of COL1, FN, IL-6, and bFGF, which are related to fibroblast wound healing activity. Prescribing vitamin C with the appropriate duration and drug administration method should be determined to maximize its benefit.

scholarly journals Effects of ascorbic acid, citric acid and silver nitrate on the growth of in vitro lily plantlets and reduction of browning

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Sun Roh ◽  
Sang Il Lee ◽  
Yun Im Kang ◽  
Mi Seon Kim ◽  
Jong Bo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Silver Nitrate

scholarly journals Effect of Lipopolysaccharide and TNFα on Neuronal Ascorbic Acid Uptake

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Veedamali S. Subramanian ◽  
Trevor Teafatiller ◽  
Anshu Agrawal ◽  
Masashi Kitazawa ◽  
Jonathan S. Marchant
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
And Function

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid: AA) uptake in neurons occurs via the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-2 (SVCT2), which is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). During chronic neuroinflammation or infection, CNS levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) are increased. Elevated levels of LPS and TNFα have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases together with reduced levels of AA. However, little is known about the impacts of LPS and TNFα on neuronal AA uptake. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of LPS and TNFα on SVCT2 expression and function using in vitro and in vivo approaches. Treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with either LPS or TNFα inhibited AA uptake. This reduced uptake was associated with a significant decrease in SVCT2 protein and mRNA levels. In vivo exposure to LPS or TNFα also decreased SVCT2 protein and mRNA levels in mouse brains. Both LPS and TNFα decreased SLC23A2 promoter activity. Further, the inhibitory effect of LPS on a minimal SLC23A2 promoter was attenuated when either the binding site for the transcription factor Sp1 was mutated or cells were treated with the NF-κB inhibitor, celastrol. We conclude that inflammatory signals suppress AA uptake by impairing SLC23A2 transcription through opposing regulation of Sp1 and NF-κB factors.

Growth suppression of malignant leukemia cell line in vitro by ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and its derivatives

1998 ◽  
Vol 122 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W Roomi ◽  
D House ◽  
M Eckert-Maksić ◽  
Z.B Maksić ◽  
C.S Tsao
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Growth Suppression ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line

In Vitro Protective Effect of Ascorbic Acid Against Antibiotic-Induced Hepatotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veneta Simon ◽  
Sreerag K.V. ◽  
R. Sasikumar ◽  
S.K. Kanthlal
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Liver Slices ◽  
Percentage Survival

Background: Although antibiotic-induced hepatotoxicity is recoverable with mild impairment, and some cases were reported to cause morbidity. However, an adjuvant is essential in reducing such incidences. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of ascorbic acid on antibiotic induced liver toxicity using liver slices. Methods: Fresh liver slices were incubated with different concentrations of sulfamethoxazole tetracycline and clavulanic acid along with ascorbic acid (200μg/ml) for 2 hours. The liver homogenate was assessed for markers like ALT, AST, MDA and CAT levels. Cytotoxicity assessment was performed using MTT assay. Results: Incubating liver slices with all three antibiotics shows elevated levels of aminotransferases, MDA and CAT enzyme when compared to the control groups which indicates the level of hepatotoxicity. In the presence of ascorbic acid, the elevated levels of TBARS, ALT and AST were significantly reduced which showcases the protective effect of ascorbic acid. The percentage survival of cell was also shown to have improved while accessed using cell viability assay. Conclusion: Obtained data suggests that consuming vitamin C or vitamin C containing food like citrus fruits or green leafy vegetables equivalent to 3g/day during antibiotic treatment, perhaps put down the risk of liver toxicity to a greater extent.

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