Hormonal Control of Excretion in the American Cockroach

1967 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
RICHARD R. MILLS
Keyword(s):  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
American Cockroach ◽  
Abdominal Ganglion ◽  
Diuretic Hormone ◽  
Water Ingestion ◽  
Diuretic Response

1. When adult male cockroaches are deprived of water for 3 days the subsequent overcompensation of water ingestion causes the release of a diuretic hormone into the blood. 2. Ligation experiments indicate that the hormone was released from the posterior part of the abdomen. 3. The testing of various tissues extirpated from within this region revealed that only extracts of the terminal abdominal ganglion could promote diuresis. 4. Homogenates of ganglia from normal animals fail to elicit the diuretic response; this and other evidence suggests the presence of an antidiuretic hormone.

THE EFFECTS OF MANDUCA SEXTA DIURETIC HORMONE ON FLUID TRANSPORT BY THE MALPIGHIAN TUBULES AND CRYPTONEPHRIC COMPLEX OF MANDUCA SEXTA

1993 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Audsley ◽  
G. M. Coast ◽  
D. A. Schooley
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Fluid Absorption ◽  
Diuretic Hormone

1. Manduca sexta diuretic hormone (Mas-DH) stimulates fluid secretion by adult Malpighian tubules of M. sexta, demonstrating its site of diuretic action in M. sexta for the first time. It was not possible to develop a suitable bioassay to measure fluid secretion in larval proximal tubules. 2. Mas-DH has an antidiuretic action on the cryptonephric complex of larval M. sexta because it increases fluid absorption from the rectum. It appears that in this complex Mas-DH is acting on a Na+/K+/2Cl- co-transporter, presumably on the basal membrane of the cryptonephric Malpighian tubules, because Mas-DH-stimulated fluid absorption by the cryptonephric complex is inhibited by bumetanide or the removal of Cl-, Na+ or K+ from the haemolymph side of the tissue. This is the first demonstration of hormonal control of fluid absorption by the cryptonephric complex. 3. Concomitant with the stimulation of fluid transport, Mas-DH increases the amount of cyclic AMP secreted by adult Malpighian tubules and the cryptonephric complex. In addition, Mas-DH promotes cyclic AMP production by the larval proximal tubules.

Organization of the Giant Axons of the Cockroach Periplaneta Americana

1969 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-627
Author(s):  
M. E. SPIRA ◽  
I. PARNAS ◽  
F. BERGMANN
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Thoracic Ganglion ◽  
American Cockroach ◽  
Abdominal Ganglion ◽  
Common Pathway ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Giant Axons ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Stimulation of the connectives between the suboesophageal and prothoracic ganglia of the American cockroach induced ipsilateral descending spikes in the abdominal giant axons with an average delay of 0·6 msec, per thoracic ganglion. 2. Nicotine at 5 µg./ml. had no effect on conduction in the abdomen but blocked ascending responses sequentially at the 6th abdominal ganglion then at the levels of T1; T2, and T3. 3. Simultaneous descending and ascending impulses resulted in mutual extinction along the nerve cord with the point of collision depending on the interval between stimuli. 4. It is suggested that a common pathway subserves ascending and descending giant impulses and models for bi-directional conduction are discussed.

Hormonal Control of the Malpighian Tubules of the Stick Insect, Carausius Morosus

1970 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANA E. M. PILCHER
Keyword(s):  
Stick Insect ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
The State ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Suboesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Carausius Morosus ◽  
Corpora Cardiaca ◽  
Diuretic Hormone ◽  
The Brain

1. Urine secretion by isolated Malpighian tubules of Carausius is accelerated by a diuretic hormone which can be extracted from the brain, corpora cardiaca and suboesophageal ganglion. 2. The level of this hormone in the haemolymph varies according to the state of hydration of the insect. 3. The hormone is inactivated by the tubules, and a mechanism is proposed whereby the tubules might be controlled by the hormone in vivo.

Haemolymph octopamine levels during and following flight in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L.

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Bailey ◽  
R. J. Martin ◽  
R. G. H. Downer
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
American Cockroach

Haemolymph octopamine levels of adult male cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) were monitored using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The octopamine concentration of haemolymph increases rapidly in response to experimental handling and the commencement of flight, with 77 and 123% elevations, respectively, observed within 1 min of initiating these activities. Resting levels are rapidly restored when flight ceases. The results support the suggestion that octopamine mediates a generalized sympathetic-like response to excitation.

Scanning electron microscopy of the tegument of adult Schistosoma curassoni, and comparison with male S. bovis and S. haematobium from Senegal

Parasitology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Southgate ◽  
D. Rollinson ◽  
J. Vercruysse
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Apical Area ◽  
Scanning Electron

SUMMARYScanning electron microscopical studies of adult male and female Schistosoma curassoni, male S. haematobium and male S. bovis are reported. The tubercles on the dorsal and dorso-lateral surfaces of male S. bovis are devoid of spines, whereas spines are present on the tubercles of male S. curassoni and S. haematobium. Some of the tubercles of S. curassoni and S. haematobium are completely covered in spines, whereas others have a spine-free apical area. Thus, on the isolates examined from Senegal it is concluded that adult male S. bovis can be easily distinguished from S. curassoni or S. haematobium on the basis of the structure of the tubercles. The surface of female S. curassoni is smooth, with transverse striations and a pitted appearance, apart from the posterior part where anteriorly pointing spines are found.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ca and Antidiuretic Hormone on Na Transport across Frog Skin

1963 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. Curran ◽  
Francisco C. Herrera ◽  
William J. Flanigan
Keyword(s):  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Frog Skin ◽  
Na Transport ◽  
Diuretic Hormone ◽  
Na Permeability ◽  
Active Transport System

A method has been developed for determining unidirectional Na fluxes across the two faces of the transporting cells in the frog skin. The method has been used to investigate the location of the sites at which Ca and anti-diuretic hormone act to alter the rate of active Na transport across the skin. The results have indicated that the primary effect of both agents is on the Na permeability of the outward facing membrane of the cells. Ca decreases and the hormone increases permeability of this barrier. Neither agent appears to have a direct effect on the active transport system itself assuming that it is located at the inner membrane of the cells. The rate of active Na transport is altered as a result of changes in the size of the Na pool in the cells which occur because of changes in the rate of Na entry through the outer membrane. Thus, the results indicate that the Na permeability of the outer membrane plays an important role in controlling the rate of net active Na transport across the skin.

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