Rolling resistance of articular cartilage due to interstitial fluid flow

A mechanism which may contribute to the frictional coefficient of diarthrodial joints is the rolling resistance due to hysteretic energy loss of viscoelastic cartilage resulting from interstitial fluid flow. The hypothesis of this study is that rolling resistance contributes significantly to the measured friction coefficient of articular cartilage. Due to the difficulty of testing this hypothesis experimentally, theoretical predictions of the rolling resistance are obtained using the solution for rolling contact of biphasic cylindrical cartilage layers [Ateshian and Wang (1)]. Over a range of rolling velocities, tissue properties and dimensions, it is found that the coefficient of rolling resistance μR varies in magnitude from 10−6 to 10−2; thus, it is generally negligible in comparison with experimental measurements of the cartilage friction coefficient (10−3-10−1) except, possibly, when the tissue is arthritic. Hence, the hypothesis of this study is rejected on the basis of these results.

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Direct Hydraulic Permeability Measurements of Agarose Hydrogels Used as Cell Scaffolds

10.1115/imece1999-0461 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

Michael A. Soltz ◽

Anna Stankiewicz ◽

Gerard Ateshian ◽

Robert L. Mauck ◽

Clark T. Hung

Keyword(s):

Fluid Flow ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Interstitial Fluid ◽

Convective Transport ◽

Hydraulic Permeability ◽

Interstitial Fluid Flow ◽

Pass Through ◽

Fluid Pressurization ◽

First Time

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the intrinsic hydraulic permeability of 2% agarose hydrogels. Two-percent agarose was chosen because it is a concentration typically used for encapsulation of chondrocytes in suspension cultures [3–5], Hydraulic permeability is a measure of the relative ease by which fluid can pass through a material. Importantly, it governs the level of interstitial fluid flow as well as the interstitial fluid pressurization that is generated in a material during loading. Fluid pressurization is the source of the unique load-bearing and lubrication properties of articular cartilage [1,17] and represents a major component of the in vivo chondrocyte environment. We have previously reported that 2% agarose hydrogels can support fluid pressurization, albeit to a significantly lesser degree than articular cartilage [18]. Interstitial fluid flow gives rise to convective transport of nutrients and ions [6,7] and matrix compaction [9] which may serve as important stimuli to chondrocytes. We report for the first time the strain-dependent hydraulic permeability of 2% agarose hydrogels.

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On the characterization of interstitial fluid flow in the skeletal muscle endomysium

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103504 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 102 ◽

pp. 103504 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Qiuyun Wang ◽

Shaopeng Pei ◽

X. Lucas Lu ◽

Liyun Wang ◽

Qianhong Wu

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fluid Flow ◽

Interstitial Fluid ◽

Interstitial Fluid Flow

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The role of interstitial fluid flow on breast cancer progression

10.17918/etd-6054 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alimatou Mbanya Tchafa

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Fluid Flow ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Interstitial Fluid ◽

Breast Cancer Progression ◽

Interstitial Fluid Flow

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Interstitial flow promotes macrophage polarization toward an M2 phenotype

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.e18-03-0164 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (16) ◽

pp. 1927-1940 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Ran Li ◽

Jean Carlos Serrano ◽

Hao Xing ◽

Tara A. Lee ◽

Hesham Azizgolshani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluid Flow ◽

Tumor Microenvironment ◽

Tumor Progression ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Interstitial Fluid ◽

Macrophage Polarization ◽

Interstitial Flow ◽

Interstitial Fluid Flow ◽

M2 Polarization ◽

Tumor Tissues

Tumor tissues are characterized by an elevated interstitial fluid flow from the tumor to the surrounding stroma. Macrophages in the tumor microenvironment are key contributors to tumor progression. While it is well established that chemical stimuli within the tumor tissues can alter macrophage behaviors, the effects of mechanical stimuli, especially the flow of interstitial fluid in the tumor microenvironment, on macrophage phenotypes have not been explored. Here, we used three-dimensional biomimetic models to reveal that macrophages can sense and respond to pathophysiological levels of interstitial fluid flow reported in tumors (∼3 µm/s). Specifically, interstitial flow (IF) polarizes macrophages toward an M2-like phenotype via integrin/Src-mediated mechanotransduction pathways involving STAT3/6. Consistent with this flow-induced M2 polarization, macrophages treated with IF migrate faster and have an enhanced ability to promote cancer cell migration. Moreover, IF directs macrophages to migrate against the flow. Since IF emanates from the tumor to the surrounding stromal tissues, our results suggest that IF could not only induce M2 polarization of macrophages but also recruit these M2 macrophages toward the tumor masses, contributing to cancer cell invasion and tumor progression. Collectively, our study reveals that IF could be a critical regulator of tumor immune environment.

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