Postprandial Vascular Responses to a High Fat Meal in Centrally Obese Adults

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is a feature of impaired metabolic health in conjunction with impaired glucose metabolism and central obesity. However, the contribution of factors to postprandial lipemia in healthy but metabolically at-risk adults is not well understood. We investigated the collective contribution of several physiologic and lifestyle factors to postprandial triglyceride (TG) response to a high-fat meal in healthy, overweight and obese adults. Methods Overweight and obese adults (n = 35) underwent a high-fat meal challenge with blood sampled at fasting and hourly in the 4-hour postprandial period after a breakfast containing 50 g fat. Incremental area under the curve (iAUC) and postprandial magnitude for TG were calculated and data analyzed using a linear model with physiologic and lifestyle characteristics as explanatory variables. Model reduction was used to assess which explanatory variables contributed most to the postprandial TG response. Results TG responses to a high-fat meal were variable between individuals, with approximately 57 % of participants exceeded the nonfasting threshold for hypertriglyceridemia. Visceral adiposity was the strongest predictor of TG iAUC (β = 0.53, p = 0.01), followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β = 0.31, p = 0.05), insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR (β = 0.30, p = 0.04), and relative exercise intensity at which substrate utilization crossover occurred (β = 0.05, p = 0.04). For postprandial TG magnitude, visceral adiposity was a strong predictor (β = 0.43, p < 0.001) followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β = 0.23, p = 0.01), and exercise intensity for substrate utilization crossover (β = 0.53, p = 0.01). Conclusions Postprandial TG responses to a high-fat meal was partially explained by several physiologic and lifestyle characteristics, including visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, aerobic exercise frequency, and relative substrate utilization crossover during exercise. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04128839, Registered 16 October 2019 – Retrospectively registered.

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Low serum triglyceride response to a high-fat meal is associated with elevated postprandial IL-17 and discriminative gut bacterial features.

10.21203/rs.2.21995/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie M Wilson ◽

Adam P. Maes ◽

Jesse T. Peach ◽

Brian Bothner ◽

Carl J. Yeoman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Disease ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Visceral Adiposity ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Postprandial Triglyceride ◽

Fat Meal

Abstract Background Postprandial lipemia stimulates proinflammatory mediators and is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Chronic disease and diet are known to influence the gut microbial community in ways that alter the availability of bioactive compounds capable of influencing the host. The purpose of this study was to identify gut microbiome taxa and inflammatory cytokines differentiating individuals with lower and higher postprandial triglyceridemia. Methods A high-fat meal (43.1% fat) was given to 40 healthy, overweight and obese adults to assess the serum triglyceride response in the immediate four-hour postprandial period. Participants were categorized into two groups (high and low) based on serum triglyceride responses. We measured blood lipids, inflammatory cytokines, fat mass, visceral adiposity and used 16S rRNA target amplicon sequencing to identify microbial taxa in human fecal samples distinguishing the two groups. The gut microbiome was assessed using unconstrained ordination, followed by a high-dimensional class comparison to determine discriminative microbial features of the postprandial triglyceride response (ppTG). ResultsHigh ppTG responders had higher body mass index, visceral adiposity, and fasting serum cholesterol levels than low responders and had a decreased postprandial IL-17 response to the high-fat meal. The overall gut microbiome did not cluster by ppTG response but were found to have four discriminative bacterial features between high and low ppTG. Lower relative abundance of Clostridium Cluster XIVa and higher relative abundance of Pasteurellaceae, Alistipes , and Prevotella was observed in low ppTG relative to high ppTG. Conclusions Our findings suggest that specific gut microbial taxa involved in short-chain fatty acid production can discriminate the postprandial triglyceride response in overweight and obese adults. These findings may have implications in how we develop microbial therapies and choose to monitor and treat individuals with hypertriglyceridemia or who may have an increased risk of chronic disease.

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Determinants of the Postprandial Triglyceride Response to a High-fat Meal in Healthy Overweight and Obese Adults.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-617713/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie M Wilson ◽

Adam P. Maes ◽

Carl J. Yeoman ◽

Seth T. Walk ◽

Mary P. Miles

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Substrate Utilization ◽

Visceral Adiposity ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Exercise Frequency ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Postprandial Triglyceride ◽

Fat Meal

Abstract Background: Dyslipidemia is a feature of impaired metabolic health in conjunction with impaired glucose metabolism and central obesity. However, the contribution of factors to postprandial lipemia in healthy but metabolically at-risk adults is not well understood. We investigated the collective contribution of several physiologic and lifestyle factors to postprandial triglyceride (TG) response to a high-fat meal in healthy, overweight and obese adults. Methods: Overweight and obese adults (n=35) underwent a high-fat meal challenge with blood sampled at fasting and hourly in the 4-hour postprandial period after a breakfast containing 50 grams fat. Incremental area under the curve and postprandial magnitude for TG were calculated and data analyzed using a linear model with physiologic and lifestyle characteristics as explanatory variables. Model reduction was used to assess which explanatory variables contributed most to the postprandial TG response.Results: TG responses to a high-fat meal were variable between individuals, with approximately 57% of participants exceeded the nonfasting threshold for hypertriglyceridemia. Visceral adiposity was the strongest predictor of TG iAUC (β=0.53, p=0.01), followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β=0.31, p=0.05), insulin resistance based on HOMA-IR (β=0.30, p=0.04), and relative exercise intensity at which substrate utilization crossover occurred (β=0.05, p=0.04). For postprandial TG magnitude, visceral adiposity was a strong predictor (β=0.43, p<0.001) followed by aerobic exercise frequency (β=0.23, p=0.01), and exercise intensity for substrate utilization crossover (β=0.53, p=0.01). Conclusions: Postprandial TG responses to a high-fat meal was partially explained by several physiologic and lifestyle characteristics, including visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, aerobic exercise frequency, and relative substrate utilization crossover during exercise. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04128839, Registered 16 October 2019 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04128839

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Comparison Of The Brachial And Popliteal Artery Vascular Responses To The Consumption Of A High Fat Meal

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000485594.14704.6d ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 197-198

Author(s):

Erin C. Garmyn ◽

Barry W. Scheuermann

Keyword(s):

Popliteal Artery ◽

High Fat ◽

Vascular Responses ◽

Fat Meal

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Apple consumption reduces markers of postprandial inflammation following a high fat meal in overweight and obese adults: A randomized, crossover trial

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo00392e ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Danyelle M. Liddle ◽

Xinjie Lois ◽

Emily Ward ◽

Liam C. Cox ◽

Amanda J. Wright ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Crossover Trial ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

High Fat ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Randomized Crossover Trial ◽

Postprandial Inflammation ◽

Fat Meal

High fat meal-induced postprandial inflammation is exacerbated in overweight and obesity and may contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study aimed to determine the effects of apples, rich in...

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Abstract #64: A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Metformin Hydrochloride Oral Solution (100 mg/mL) in Healthy Adult Male Patients Under Fasting, Low-Fat, and High-fat Meal Conditions

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.1016/s1530-891x(20)46341-4 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Kiran Marthak

Keyword(s):

Adult Male ◽

Pharmacokinetic Study ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Oral Solution ◽

Metformin Hydrochloride ◽

High Fat ◽

Comparative Pharmacokinetic ◽

Healthy Adult Male ◽

Male Patients ◽

Fat Meal

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Effects of a High-Carb vs. High-Fat Meal on Glycemia, Insulin, Interleukin-6, TNF-Alpha, and Apo-B

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-265-lb ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 265-LB ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

HELMUT O. STEINBERG ◽

FRANKIE B. STENTZ ◽

NANDITA K. SHANKAR

Keyword(s):

Interleukin 6 ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

High Fat ◽

Apo B ◽

Fat Meal

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162-LB: Impact of High-Fat Meal on Circulating microRNA in Youth with T1DM

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db20-162-lb ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 162-LB

Author(s):

JEANIE B. TRYGGESTAD ◽

APRIL M. TEAGUE ◽

KEVIN R. SHORT

Keyword(s):

Circulating Microrna ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Meal

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Central and peripheral arterial stiffness responses to uninterrupted prolonged sitting combined with a high-fat meal: a randomized controlled crossover trial

Hypertension Research ◽

10.1038/s41440-021-00708-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Simon Fryer ◽

Keeron Stone ◽

Craig Paterson ◽

Meghan Brown ◽

James Faulkner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Pulse Wave ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

High Fat ◽

Low Fat ◽

Peripheral Arterial ◽

Fat Meal ◽

Over Time

AbstractIndependently, prolonged uninterrupted sitting and the consumption of a meal high in saturated fats acutely disrupt normal cardiovascular function. Currently, the acute effects of these behaviors performed in combination on arterial stiffness, a marker of cardiovascular health, are unknown. This study sought to determine the effect of consuming a high-fat meal (Δ = 51 g fat) in conjunction with prolonged uninterrupted sitting (180 min) on measures of central and peripheral arterial stiffness. Using a randomized crossover design, 13 young healthy males consumed a high-fat (61 g) or low-fat (10 g) meal before 180 min of uninterrupted sitting. Carotid-femoral (cf) and femoral-ankle (fa) pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic-femoral stiffness gradient (af-SG), superficial femoral PWV beta (β), and oscillometric pulse wave analysis outcomes were assessed pre and post sitting. cfPWV increased significantly more following the high-fat (mean difference [MD] = 0.59 m·s−1) meal than following the low-fat (MD = 0.2 m·s−1) meal, with no change in faPWV in either condition. The af-SG significantly decreased (worsened) (ηp2 = 0.569) over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ratio = 0.1 and 0.1, respectively). Superficial femoral PWVβ significantly increased over time in the high- and low-fat conditions (ηp2 = 0.321; 0.8 and 0.4 m·s−1, respectively). Triglycerides increased over time in the high-fat trial only (ηp2 = 0.761). There were no significant changes in blood pressure. Consuming a high-fat meal prior to 180 min of uninterrupted sitting augments markers of cardiovascular disease risk more than consuming a low-fat meal prior to sitting.

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