Is There Sufficient Evidence Regarding Signage-based Stair-use Intervention Studies ? A Sequential Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 707
Author(s):  
adrian E. bauman ◽  
karen milton ◽  
Maina Kariuki
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Stair Use

scholarly journals Is there sufficient evidence regarding signage-based stair use interventions? A sequential meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e012459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Bauman ◽  
Karen Milton ◽  
Maina Kariuki ◽  
Karla Fedel ◽  
Mary Lewicka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Research Translation ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Stair Use

ObjectiveThe proliferation of studies using motivational signs to promote stair use continues unabated, with their oft-cited potential for increasing population-level physical activity participation. This study examined all stair use promotional signage studies since 1980, calculating pre-estimates and post-estimates of stair use. The aim of this project was to conduct a sequential meta-analysis to pool intervention effects, in order to determine when the evidence base was sufficient for population-wide dissemination.DesignUsing comparable data from 50 stair-promoting studies (57 unique estimates) we pooled data to assess the effect sizes of such interventions.ResultsAt baseline, median stair usage across interventions was 8.1%, with an absolute median increase of 2.2% in stair use following signage-based interventions. The overall pooled OR indicated that participants were 52% more likely to use stairs after exposure to promotional signs (adjusted OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.70). Incremental (sequential) meta-analyses using z-score methods identified that sufficient evidence for stair use interventions has existed since 2006, with recent studies providing no further evidence on the effect sizes of such interventions.ConclusionsThis analysis has important policy and practice implications. Researchers continue to publish stair use interventions without connection to policymakers' needs, and few stair use interventions are implemented at a population level. Researchers should move away from repeating short-term, small-scale, stair sign interventions, to investigating their scalability, adoption and fidelity. Only such research translation efforts will provide sufficient evidence of external validity to inform their scaling up to influence population physical activity.

scholarly journals Forgiveness Interventions for Older Adults: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1866
Author(s):  
Javier López ◽  
Maria Inés Serrano ◽  
Isabel Giménez ◽  
Cristina Noriega
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Group Treatments ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

A meta-analysis of the efficacy of forgiveness interventions in older adults was conducted. International databases (Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched for studies published from 1990 to 2020 that attempted to promote forgiveness in older adults. Most intervention studies are group treatments targeted towards community-dwelling older adults. Participants in these studies are mainly women. The intervention objectives and contents vary widely and often criteria are not well-defined. Participants that received forgiveness interventions reported significantly higher levels of forgiveness than participants that did not receive treatment. Additionally, forgiveness interventions resulted in more changes in depression, stress and anger than no intervention conditions. Forgiveness treatment also enhances positive states (satisfaction with life, subjective happiness, and psychological wellbeing). The reported effects are moderate. The specific treatment model (e.g., Enright’s, Worthington’s) and format (e.g., group-based interventions and individually delivered programs) do not differentially predict better outcomes. In conclusion, future intervention studies should include more male participants and utilize a broader range of follow-up periods. Caution must be exercised because of the limited number of studies developed to date; researchers must be cautious when generalizing the results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Nimotuzumab for the treatment of head and neck cancer: Meta-analysis of controlled trials

Bionatura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1056-1062
Author(s):  
Carmen Viada ◽  
Aliz M. Vega ◽  
Mayte Robaina ◽  
Aliuska Frías ◽  
Mabel Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Controlled Trials

Nimotuzumab, humanized monoclonal antibody, directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor: highly expressed protein in malignant tumors of epithelial origin. It has been registered for head and neck tumors since 2002. To determine the effectiveness of Nimotuzumab in head and neck cancer through the combined meta-analysis technique. A search was conducted in PubMed, in an indexed magazine with the words “Nimotuzumab”, “head and neck,” 48 articles published by Cuban and foreign authors were detected between April 1, 2005, and July 31, 2019, in which the results of clinical studies conducted with the monoclonal antibody Nimotuzumab are described. Seven clinical trials conducted in Cuba from 2005-2019 with Nimotuzumab are described; three Phase I / II (with 14, 10 and 10 patients respectively), a Phase II / III with 106 patients, a Phase II with 37 patients, two Phase IV (with 386 and 225 patients each) and a study promoted by the Researcher with 17 patients. From these studies, the three controlled trials were selected by the PRISMA flow chart. The meta-analysis consisted of the construction of the Forest Plot graph, the sensitivity analysis and the cumulative analysis. The meta-analysis shows favorable results for Nimotuzumab, without heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). The sensitivity analysis reveals that the test that differs most from the others is Phase II / III. The cumulative analysis indicates that after the second trial, there is already sufficient evidence.

scholarly journals Effects of Student Feedback on Teaching and Classes: An Overview and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-156
Author(s):  
Sebastian Röhl
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Student Feedback ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Individual Support ◽  
First Time ◽  
Teaching Implications

AbstractBased on a comprehensive literature review of student feedback intervention studies in schools, this chapter provides an overview of found effects on teachers and teaching. The first part summarizes the self-reported cognitive, affective, and motivational effects of student feedback on teachers, which can subsequently lead to behavioral changes in the classroom. In the second part, the focus is on the extent to which these behavioral changes are perceived by students. For the first time, a meta-analysis of changes in students’ perceptions of teaching was carried out for the 18 existing longitudinal studies for this purpose. A small but significant positive weighted mean effect size of d=0.21 for students’ perceived improvement of teaching quality was found, while more in-depth analyses pointed to a beneficial effect of individual support measures for teachers regarding reflection and subsequent development of teaching. Implications for further research and practical implementation of student feedback in schools are discussed.

To be(come) or not to be(come) an organ donor, that's the question: a meta-analysis of determinant and intervention studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Nijkamp ◽  
Marianne Hollestelle ◽  
Maurice Zeegers ◽  
Bart van den Borne ◽  
Astrid Reubsaet
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Organ Donor

scholarly journals A Mixed-Methods Approach to Synthesizing Evidence on Mediators of Intervention Effects

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 870-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Leeman ◽  
YunKyung Chang ◽  
Corrine I. Voils ◽  
Jamie L. Crandell ◽  
Margarete Sandelowski
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Effects ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Using Data

Greater understanding of the mechanisms (mediators) by which behavioral-change interventions work is critical to developing theory and refining interventions. Although systematic reviews have been advocated as a method for exploring mediators, this is rarely done. One challenge is that intervention researchers typically test only two paths of the mediational model: the effect of the intervention on mediators and on outcomes. The authors addressed this challenge by drawing information not only from intervention studies but also from observational studies that provide data on associations between potential mediators and outcomes. They also reviewed qualitative studies of participants’ perceptions of why and how interventions worked. Using data from intervention ( n = 37) and quantitative observational studies ( n = 55), the authors conducted a meta-analysis of the mediation effects of eight variables. Qualitative findings ( n = 6) contributed to more in-depth explanations for findings. The methods used have potential to contribute to understanding of core mechanisms of behavioral-change interventions.

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