scholarly journals Place-Based Policies and Spatial Disparities across European Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-149
Author(s):  
Maximilian v. Ehrlich ◽  
Henry G. Overman
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Spatial Disparities ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Capital Subsidies

Spatial disparities in income levels and worklessness in the European Union are profound, persistent and may be widening. We describe disparities across metropolitan regions and discuss theories and empirical evidence that help us understand what causes these disparities. Increases in the productivity benefits of cities, the clustering of highly educated workers and increases in their wage premium all play a role. Europe has a long-standing tradition of using capital subsidies, enterprise zones, transport investments and other place-based policies to address these disparities. The evidence suggests these policies may have partially offset increasing disparities but are not sufficient to fully offset the economic forces at work.

scholarly journals European Regional Inequalities: The Other Face of Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Celeste Perrucchini ◽  
Hiroshi Ito
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Per Capita

Empirical evidence suggests an overall convergence in terms of GDP and per capita income occurring among the European Union (EU) Member States. Nevertheless, economic inequalities have been increasing at the regional level within European Union countries. Through the review of relevant literature, this study analyzes the increasing inequalities from an economical point of view, focusing on Italy and the UK as examples. First, a general overlook of the empirical evidence of the GDP and per capita income at national and sub-national levels will be presented. Second, an explanation of the possible causes of the results will be proposed through the use of economical and sociological theories. The findings of this research might uncover the relative inefficacy of EU Cohesion policies and point towards the necessity for deeper and more thoughtful measures to continue the convergence of Member States while preserving internal equilibria. This paper ends with discussions for the future directions of the EU.

Endogenous Preferences And Delegation In The European Union

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Hug
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Endogenous Preferences ◽  
The Eu

The interplay among intergovernmental and supranational actors is a defining feature of the institutional life of the European Union (EU). Too often, however, these actors are considered independent of each other, and their autonomy is assessed in a vacuum. This is problematic because if there is such a thing as "endogenous preferences" in the EU, it appears exactly through this interdependence of intergovernmental and supranational actors. None of the institutionalist approaches to the EU has come to grips with this fact yet. Based on some very simple gametheoretic ideas, I offer in this article a rationale for "endogenous preferences" and discuss their impact on issues of delegations. Some cursory empirical evidence supports the claims that the preferences of supranational actors are related to those of the actors who select or appoint them. Similarly, the analyses presented here suggest that preferences over delegation to supranational actors are influenced by differences in policy views between principals and agents.

Policy Transfer in the European Union: An Institutionalist Perspective

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMON BULMER ◽  
STEPHEN PADGETT
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
The European Union ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Institutional Variables ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Eu Governance

Although the concept of policy transfer attracts growing attention in political science, its application to the European Union remains underdeveloped. This article offers a comprehensive conceptual account of EU policy transfer. It starts from the institutionalist premise that transfer processes and outcomes will vary between differently constituted governance regimes. Three forms of EU governance are identified; hierarchy, negotiation and ‘facilitated unilateralism’. The article develops hypotheses about the linkages between institutional variables and transfer outcomes, assessed on a scale from emulation to influence. Hypotheses are set against empirical evidence drawn from a variety of policy areas. We find evidence to support the general hypothesis that stronger forms of policy transfer occur in more highly institutionalized governance regimes. The evidence also points to micro-institutional variables shaping transfer outcomes: the powers accruing to supra-national institutions; decision rules; and the density of exchange between national actors.

scholarly journals New EU Initiatives against Terrorism

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Olga Potemkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Data Encryption ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
The Eu

The article examines the EU’s response to a series of terrorist attacks in European cities in the autumn of 2020, after which the topic of terrorism once again came to the fore on the EU political agenda. The author analyses the new Counter-Terrorism Action Plan and the Regulation on the removal of terrorist content from the Internet adopted after a protracted inter-institutional dialogue between the EU Council and the European Parliament. The article also looks at the problem of expanding the mandate of the Europol agency in the field of big data analysis, while the author emphasises that member states still doubt the need to grant the agency access to data encryption. The author comes to the conclusion that the European Union quite adequately fulfills the tasks outlined in the documents to respond to terrorist attacks, but has not been very successful in preventing them. It is noted that in the plans of international anti-terrorist cooperation, the European Union, as before, does not include Russia, which can not but reduce the effect of global and regional confrontation with new security challenges.

scholarly journals Europejskie miasta od nowa

Politeja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5(74)) ◽  
pp. 205-223
Author(s):  
Maria Katarzyna Grzegorzewska ◽  
Piotr Karocki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Smart City ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Full Implementation ◽  
The World ◽  
European Union Legislation

European Cities Reloaded. Stress or Relaxation? This article justifies the thesis that the full implementation of the Smart City concept (re-development of cities around the world) will significantly reduce the stress in which their inhabitants live. The article starts with introducing the very concept of Smart City: why there is a need to rebuild cities and what it is all about. Then, it lists the basic stressors related to living in a city, and finally indicates which Smart City activities (standardized by ISO and implemented by the European Union legislation) counteract the aforementioned stressors.

The Development of Heat Health Watch Warning Systems for Five European Cities: Results From the European Union PHEWE Project

Epidemiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S86
Author(s):  
Glenn McGregor ◽  
Pavlos Kassomenos ◽  
Francesca deʼDonato ◽  
Kristof Blazejczyk ◽  
Tanja Cengar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Cities
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