The Role of Broad-Based Employee Ownership Opportunities in Prisoner Reentry

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 424-429
Author(s):  
Robynn Cox
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Prisoner Reentry ◽  
Employee Ownership ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated ◽  
Employee Stock Ownership ◽  
Stock Ownership Plans ◽  
Employee Stock Ownership Plans ◽  
The Relationship

This research investigates the relationship between Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) and criminal participation as measured by arrests, conviction, and incarceration among formerly incarcerated individuals. Using the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, I find that formerly incarcerated individuals with ESOP employment are significantly less likely to be arrested, convicted, and incarcerated. This effect likely operates through improvement in labor market outcomes: formerly incarcerated ESOP employees earn approximately 25 percent more in annual income and work roughly 8.8 percent more hours per week than formerly incarcerated workers who are employed but not working for an ESOP firm.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
Inas R. Kelly ◽  
John Komlos
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Biology ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biological Outcomes

The Oxford Handbook of Economics and Human Biology introduces the scholarly community to the relationship between economic processes and human biology. A society’s biological well-being is important if one is to understand numerous aspects of political and economic developments: the outbreak of revolutions; the effect of industrialization and modernization on a population’s well-being; the demographic transition; and changes in the degree of social inequality by gender, social class, and geographic location. The contributions in this Handbook examine the various ways the economy affects human biological outcomes and, reciprocally, the impact of the latter on the former both over time and cross-sectionally. Another focus is on biological measures as inputs, such as how height and weight affect labor market outcomes and the role of genetic markers on economic variables. A third purpose is to introduce the reader to developmental aspects and policy, particularly correlates of malnutrition and poverty across the world.

Moving Towards 100% Employee Ownership Through ESOPs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tischer ◽  
John Hoffmire
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Employee Ownership ◽  
Subordinated Debt ◽  
The Past ◽  
Employee Stock Ownership ◽  
Stock Ownership Plans ◽  
Employee Stock Ownership Plans ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
The Impact

The literature on Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) has developed significantly over the past decades. Yet, despite ESOPs being well conceptualized, the deals struck in the real world are often more complex endeavours than suggested. While there are examples of ESOP deals as a one-stage process, it is often the case that ownership is transferred in multiple steps financed through subordinated debt. In addressing this added complexity, we will introduce concepts of ESOPs before providing a detailed description of what an add-on transaction entails. In doing so, we are particularly interested in describing key steps with focus on the impact on business and employee-owners. The paper will provide readers with additional insights into the widely used practice of multi-tranche ESOPs. Understanding the agents involved in the process, as well as the impact and potential pitfalls of add-on transactions are crucial factors in developing ESOPs as an alternative to external buy-outs.

scholarly journals Marriage Networks, Nepotism, and Labor Market Outcomes in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shing-Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Identification Strategy

This paper considers the role of marriage in improving labor market outcomes through the expansion of an individual's networks. I focus on the impact of the relationship with the father-in-law on a young man's career using panel data from China. The identification strategy isolates the network effects related to a man's father-in-law by examining the post-marriage death of a father-in-law. The estimates suggest that the loss of the father-in-law translates into a decrease in a man's earnings of 7 percent. (JEL D85, J12, J31, O15, P23, P36, Z13)

An American Historical Perspective on Employee Ownership

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Blasi ◽  
Douglas L. Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Employee Ownership ◽  
Employee Stock Ownership ◽  
Stock Ownership Plans ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
Employee Stock Ownership Plans ◽  
Worker Ownership ◽  
The Us

Worker ownership plays a significant role in the US economy today. This worker ownership takes on different forms. A large proportion of the US population (close to a fifth) owns stock in the company where they work. Meaningful worker holdings are ubiquitous in high-technology companies such as Google in the Internet area, Microsoft in the software area, Gilead Sciences in biotechnology, and Qualcomm in mobile technology. The most intensive sectors of worker ownership in the US are about 10,000 companies with about 15 million workers with Employee Stock Ownership Plans, where about 4,000 of the firms are majority or 100 per cent worker-owned, and a compact but vibrant and growing sector of about 300 worker co-operatives with about 6,000 members. Much of this chapter is based on our book, The Citizen’s Share, with economist Richard B. Freeman (Blasi, Freeman, and Kruse, 2015: 57–122).

scholarly journals An Empirical Test of Alternative Theories of Educational Inequality

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Sakamoto ◽  
ChangHwan Kim ◽  
Hyeyoung Woo
Keyword(s):  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Productivity Data ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Relationship

A classic issue in education centers on the nature of the relationship between schooling and labor market outcomes. Three general theories of this relationship are the human capital view, the market signal view, and the credentialist view. All three approaches predict a positive association between education and wages, but they differ in regard to its underlying causes. We argue that these theories may be fundamentally differentiated in terms of their implications for productivity, and we provide some relevant findings using productivity data for US manufacturing industries from 1976 to 1996. The results most strongly support the market signal view which emphasizes the association between productivity and relative educational attainment due to the role of the latter in certifying more reliable and trainable workers.

Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 534-562
Author(s):  
Matthew O. Jackson ◽  
Brian W. Rogers ◽  
Yves Zenou
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Market Outcomes

What is the role of social networks in driving persistent differences between races and genders in education and labor market outcomes? What is the role of homophily in such differences? Why is such homophily seen even if it ends up with negative consequences in terms of labor markets? This chapter discusses social network analysis from the perspective of economics. The chapter is organized around the theme of externalities: the effects that one’s behavior has on others’ welfare. Externalities underlie the interdependencies that make networks interesting to social scientists. This chapter discusses network formation, as well as interactions between people’s behaviors within a given network, and the implications in a variety of settings. Finally, the chapter highlights some empirical challenges inherent in the statistical analysis of network-based data.

scholarly journals The Role of Family and Friends in Return Migration and Its Labor Market Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Joseph Gillespie ◽  
Clara H. Mulder ◽  
Christiane von Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Stability ◽  
Onward Migration

AbstractDrawing on survey data on individuals’ motives for migration in Sweden (N = 2172), we examine the importance of family and friends for return versus onward migration, including their importance for different age groups and in different communities on the rural–urban spectrum. The results point to a significant relationship between the importance of family and return versus onward migration, with family importance decreasing with age among returning migrants. At the same time, the importance of friends for returning increases with age. The findings did not suggest a significant relationship between urbanicity and returning versus migration elsewhere. Based on a subset of respondents who were employed prior to migrating (n = 1056), we further examined labor market outcomes for onward versus returning migrants. The results broadly indicate that return migrations are linked to lower likelihoods of labor market deterioration and improvement, suggesting greater labor market stability for return vis-à-vis onward migrations. However, the importance of family for returning (versus moving elsewhere) is associated with higher likelihoods of labor market deterioration and improvement compared with staying the same, indicating greater volatility in labor market outcomes when the importance of family is considered.

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