scholarly journals Payment Choice, Image Motivation and Contributions to Charity: Evidence from a Field Experiment

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan R Soetevent
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fund Raising ◽  
Debit Card ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of payment choice on charitable giving with a door-to-door fund-raising field experiment. Respondents can donate cash only, use debit only, or have both options. Cash donations have lower visibility vis-à-vis solicitors than debit card donations. When debit replaces cash, participation drops by 87 percent. Conditional on participation, donors in the Debit-only treatment give more than donors in Cash-only. In Cash&Debit, almost all donors prefer cash; participation decreases compared to Cash-only. Physical attractiveness of both female and male solicitors increases contributions. Solicitor self-confidence has a negative impact. (JEL D14, D64, L31)

The psychological effects of unmarried women “a field study on a sample of unmarried women in Algeria”

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s902-s902
Author(s):  
L. Fekih ◽  
B. Mounis
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Confidence Scale

BackgroundThe present research was designed to determine the psychological stress as experienced by unmarried women in the education sector, and how to help them to discover the meaning of their presence in the framework, innovation and achievement, art, science, comprehension, love and adaptation in life.AimThis research aims to identify the various problems and mental disorders that unmarried women suffering from, and to determine the differences between unmarried women in terms of the psychological problems resulting from “unmarried” in: ages, kind and professional status.MethodThe method used in this research is purely descriptive following the collected data from the sample of 200 unmarried women. The tools that were used in this research as follow: Self-Confidence Scale, Psychological Stress Scale, “List of Information Collection for unmarried women”; we proceeded with some statistical techniques.ResultsThe findings of this research were:– emotional problems are the most common problems experienced by unmarried women;– the present study indicates the presence of depressive symptoms in 17%, which can evolve toward psychotic depression as dysthymia (loss of interest in daily activities, hopelessness, low self-esteem, self-criticism, trouble concentrating and trouble making decisions, effectiveness and productivity, avoidance of social activities, feelings of guilt and worries over the past, insomnia…);– the impact of unmarried on late stages have more negative impact, and psychological effect on them was more severe and the greatest harm.ConclusionThe advancement of women in the age without marriage or “unmarried women” is origin of psychological stress and low self-confidence.Dissclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Soil Degradation Assessment in Europe, A Review of Status, Interaction and Remediation

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Jannes Stolte ◽  
Gudrun Schwilch
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Soil Functions ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

As soil formation is an extremely slow process, soil can be considered a non-renewable resource. Soils should thus be adequately protected and conserved to ensure that soil functions are not lost or diminished. Soil functions are, however, threatened by a wide range of processes. Europe’s soil resources may continue to degrade due to changes in climate, land use and other human activities. The challenge is to prevent degradation and its adverse effects on soil functions and ecosystem services, and even improve the ability of soil to perform its functions. The soil degradation processes are complex and all parts of Europe are affected by one or more soil threats to some degree. There is a lack of knowledge on, a large uncertainty in, and lack of quantitative information on understanding the interrelationships between soil threats, soil threat and soil functions, and soil and ecosystem services. A major challenge in clarifying these relationships is how to integrate information and to analyse the key interactions. To bridge this gap, we have made an approach based on a review and expert knowledge to understand and describe those interrelations. This has been described in qualitative terms, and showed that the soil functions ‘biomass production’ is affected by almost all threats, whereas the threat ‘biodiversity decline’ has a major negative impact on all functions. It also showed that both soil biodiversity and soil erosion are more or less affected by almost all other soil threats. In the RECARE project, various prevention and remediation measures were trialed. Changes in manageable soil and other natural capital properties were measured and quantified, and a methodology to assess changes in ecosystem services was developed. Overall, the results showed positive on the impacts of the measures on ecosystem services. Although methodological challenges remain, the assessment served as an input to a stakeholder valuation of ecosystem services at local and sub-national levels. Although these activities are steps towards a soil remediation strategy, there is a need for further research on the mentioned issues in order to achieve an improved overview of existing information on soil degradation at the European scale, their interactions, and effects on ecosystem services. In addition, the lack of legally binding targets limits the impact that existing policies have on reducing soil threats and protecting soil function, although various EU policy instruments have shown positive impacts even in absence of binding targets for Member States.

scholarly journals Follow-up survey of patients with occupational asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
J Feary ◽  
J Cannon ◽  
B Fitzgerald ◽  
J Szram ◽  
S Schofield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Occupational Asthma ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Occupational asthma (OA) is often associated with a poor prognosis and the impact of a diagnosis on an individual’s career and income can be significant. Aims We sought to understand the consequences of a diagnosis of OA to patients attending our clinic. Methods Using a postal questionnaire, we surveyed all patients attending our specialist occupational lung disease clinic 1 year after having received a diagnosis of OA due to a sensitizer (n = 125). We enquired about their current health and employment status and impact of their diagnosis on various aspects of their life. Additional information was collected by review of clinical records. Results We received responses from 71 (57%) patients; 77% were referred by an occupational health (OH) provider. The median duration of symptoms prior to referral was 18 months (interquartile range (IQR) 8–48). At 1 year, 79% respondents were no longer exposed to the causal agent. Whilst the unexposed patients reported an improvement in symptoms compared with those still exposed (82% versus 53%; P = 0.023), they had poorer outcomes in terms of career, income and how they felt treated by their employer; particularly those not currently employed. Almost all (>90%) of those still employed had been referred by an OH provider compared with 56% of those currently unemployed (P = 0.002)x. Conclusions The negative impact of OA on people’s careers, livelihood and quality of life should not be underestimated. However, with early detection and specialist care, the prognosis is often good and particularly so for those with access to occupational health.

scholarly journals Impact of Navaratnalu on Manabadi (Nadu-Nedu / Education) in Andhra Pradesh State

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
P V Subba Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
The State ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Model Schools ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Navaratnalu is in operation in Andhra Pradesh State from 30th May 2019 to provide various schemes to the beneficiaries viz, Farmers, Students, Mothers, old age Persons, Auto-walas, Weavers community, Fisherman community, Poor people in OC, BC, SC, ST, Minorities, and others for better living in the society. The purpose of one Programme of Navaratnalu is to provide infrastructure facilities for all government schools on far with corporate schools and capacity building of the teachers to improve the quality of education in the state.Purpose of the study: The study tried to assess two issues, which are the impact of Manabadi-Nadu-Nedu/Education and to recommend suitable suggestions for the improvement of the schools under government control.Methodology: This empirical research adopted a quantitative method by distributing a schedule to 108 beneficiaries representing from four districts in Andhra Pradesh State. The data analyzed by using statistical techniques such as mean and percentages to assess the impact of the Manabadi-Nadu-Nedu/Education.Main Findings: MANA-BADI project is intended to develop with a provision for up-gradation of schools as model schools for the benefit of the students in rural and semi-urban areas in A.P. Majority of the respondents are aware of the manabadi /Education (nadu-nedu) program a, and everybody knows the activities being implemented by the government of A.P and are positively responded.Application of the Study: The findings of the study are useful for the government in implementing the navaratnalu in the state. As education has increased the self-confidence level among the students of primary, higher, technical knowledge, the state of Andhra Pradesh, which is developing fast in almost all areas people to be educated so that they become part and parcel of development.Novelty/originality of the Study: The impact of navaratnalu (Manabadi-Nadu-Nedu/Education) has been addressed categorically, empowering the manabadi-Nadu nedu. Therefore, a determined plan of implementation of further action can significantly allow the manabadi / Education (nad-unedu)

scholarly journals Análisis de la influencia de la evaluación del rendimiento en jugadores de un equipo de fútbol (Influence of the performance evaluation analysis of the football team players)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Gloria González Campos ◽  
Mª del Carmen Campos Mesa ◽  
Santiago Romero Granados
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Football Team ◽  
Soccer Team ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la influencia de la evaluación del rendimiento que los jugadores de un equipo de fútbol realizan sobre sí mismos o sobre las evaluaciones realizadas por personas externas a ellos. Se estudia, si existe influencia sobre el rendimiento deportivo, y en este caso, se analiza cómo afecta, quienes son los agentes influyentes y cuáles son las evaluaciones que determinan afectación sobre el rendimiento del deportista. Para ello, se ha utilizado el Cuestionario de Características Psicológicas relacionadas con el Rendimiento Deportivo (CPRD). El estudio ha revelado que la influencia de la evaluación recae sobre diferentes variables psicológicas del deportista que según características personales, repercute positiva o negativamente sobre su rendimiento deportivo.Palabras clave: Fútbol, rendimiento, variables psicológicas, influencia de la evaluación, atención-concentración, ansiedad, autoconfianza, motivación.Abstract: The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of performance evaluations on the players of a soccer team that they conduct on themselves or carried out by other people external to the team. The study analyzes if there is influence on athletic performance and. in this case, discusses how it affects them, what are the influential agents and what are the assessments that determine the impact on the performance of the athlete. To do so, the Psychological Characteristics Questionnaire related to Sports Performance (CPRD) was utilized. The study has revealed that the influence of evaluation depends on different psychological variables of the athlete that, depending on personal characteristics, produces a positive or negative impact on his athletic performance.Key words: Football, performance, psychological variables, influence of the evaluation, attention-concentration, anxiety, self-confidence, motivation.

scholarly journals Operating performance of SMEs in Thailand after going public

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marisa Laokulrach
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Operating Performance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agency Cost ◽  
Fund Raising ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Going Public ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study investigates the operating performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand, in terms of efficiency and profitability, after issuing initial public offering (IPO) in comparison to their pre-IPO performance. A cross-sectional analysis is also applied to examine the impact of ownership retention and underpricing on operating performance using different measurements. Studies in most developed countries identify a deterioration in post-IPO operating performance; however, few studies have been conducted in emerging markets, especially on SMEs performance after IPO issuance for fund raising. The results of 82 Thai SMEs listed in the Market for Alternative Investment (MAI) during 2001-2014 show the decline of the operating performance for post-IPO issuance compared to a year prior IPO whic99h are consistent with the “window dressing” and “market timing” concepts. SMEs improve their revenue significantly after going public even though their growth is lower than the assets’ growth rate. The original ownership retention has no significant impact on the operating performances in different measurements which are inconsistent with previous studies. The original owners of SMEs maintain relatively high managerial ownership after going public thus there is less agency cost problem. Underpricing has a negative impact on the changes in sales for post-IPO relative to pre-IPO, reflecting that the expectations of investors toward companies’ revenues are different from reality. The findings benefit company owners and management in the area of performance sustainability, and regulators in terms of auditing companies’ performances prior to going public.

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