Identification of women at high STD risk among STD clinic attendees: implications for STD programmes

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Moodley ◽  
P D J Sturm ◽  
C Connolly ◽  
A W Sturm
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Past History ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Infection ◽  
Std Risk ◽  
Clinic Population ◽  
Genital Disease

We showed an association between current infection with a recognized sexually transmitted infection (STI) pathogen and HIV infection in women but not in men with non-ulcerative genital disease. While the accuracy of recognition of male urethritis and genital ulcer syndromes is high, this is significantly less for non-ulcerative STIs in women. The symptoms associated with the latter have a broad differential diagnosis including conditions of a non-STI nature. Local sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attendees often comprise patients with and without STIs. We hypothesized that this may be responsible for the association of current STI pathogens and HIV in women. To identify a group of women that would be representative of a true STD clinic population we looked at those with a past history of treated genital ulcers. When we analysed in this subset the association of current STI pathogen and HIV infection, a pattern emerged that was comparable with that in men.

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in a public colposcopy clinic population

Sexual Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney W. Petersen ◽  
Sepehr N. Tabrizi ◽  
Suzanne Garland ◽  
Julie A. Quinlivan
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Clinic Population ◽  
Colposcopy Clinic

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is a major public health issue, with notifications of this sexually transmitted disease continuing to rise in Australia. Women attending colposcopy clinics are referred for treatment of cervical abnormalities often associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. There is evidence that women who have acquired one sexually transmitted infection, such as HPV, are at higher risk of acquiring another. Women attending colposcopy clinics may therefore be at risk of undiagnosed infection with C. trachomatis. Aim: To determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis in women attending a public metropolitan colposcopy clinic in Victoria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. Institutional ethics committee approval and informed consent were obtained. Consecutive women attending the colposcopy clinic completed a questionnaire and had a swab collected from the endocervix for analysis by polymerase chain reaction for C. trachomatis. Positive screens were treated in accordance with best practice. Data were analysed with Minitab Version 2004 (Minitab Inc, State College, PA, USA). Results: Of 581 women approached to participate in the trial, consent was obtained from 568 women (98%) and final outcome data was available on 560 women (99%). The overall rate of chlamydial infection was 2.1% (95% CI 1.5–2.7%). However, in women aged 25 years or less the rate was 5.8% (95% CI 3.8–7.8%) and in women over 25 years it was only 0.9% (95% CI 0.4–1.4%). Apart from age, no other demographic factor was significantly associated with chlamydial infection. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of chlamydial infection in the colposcopy clinic population as a whole does not warrant a policy for routine screening, screening directed at women aged 25 years or less would gain the greatest yields in terms of cost efficacy. Such a policy should be implemented as standard practice.

Previous STI and risk of HIV infection in men

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Vall Mayans ◽  
J M Escribá
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
History Of

To determine the prevalence of a previous history of sexually transmitted infection (STI) and its influence as a risk factor for HIV infection among men tested for HIV, data from men having a voluntary HIV test at the STI Unit of Barcelona during a 6-month period of 1998 were analysed. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis were done to examine the prevalence of previous STI and factors associated with HIV infection. Prevalences of HIV were 5.6% in homo/bisexual and 0.5% in heterosexual men ( P<0.001). Risk factors for HIV were STI history: odds ratio (OR)=8.7 and homo/bisexual behaviour: OR=6.6; 19.8% of heterosexuals had a history of STI compared with 44.2% of homo/bisexual men ( P<0.01). A previous STI was associated with HIV seropositivity in homosexual men.

Pelvic inflammatory disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 169-180
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Past History ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Multiple Partners ◽  
History Of ◽  
Supporting Structures

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is inflammation of the female upper genital tract—endometrium, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and supporting structures. Annual incidence is estimated at 1/1000 women, most common in the 15–24 age group. It is usually sexually acquired, commonly caused by C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium, and organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis. Risk factors include recent new sexual partner or multiple partners, and a past history of a sexually transmitted infection. Long-term sequelae include infertility and chronic pelvic pain. A diagnosis of PID is usually based on signs, symptoms, and examination. This chapter describes aetiology, diagnosis, and management of pelvic inflammatory disease.

scholarly journals A Chart Review Study of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Persons Living with HIV Attending an STI Clinic in Trinidad

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 232595821988846
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Edwards ◽  
Avery Hinds ◽  
Nyla Lyons ◽  
Jonathan Edwards ◽  
Shauntelle Quammie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
History Of ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Living With Hiv

A chart review study of the sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) was conducted among STI clinic attendees in Trinidad between January 2012 and December 2012. Data were abstracted from client records to obtain the clinical and the laboratory diagnoses of STIs. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted, and factors significantly associated with the presence of a STI were assessed using multiple logistic regression. During this period, 385 PLHIV were seen; 104 (27.0%) were newly HIV diagnosed and 281 (73.0%) had a known history of HIV infection; 135 (35.1%) were diagnosed with a STI. Patients with known HIV infection were more likely to be diagnosed with a STI than those who were newly diagnosed (odds ratios: 6.99; 95% confidence interval: 3.79-12.89). The STI prevalence was high among PLHIV in Trinidad, identifying them as a critical target group for public health interventions to prevent the spread of HIV and STIs.

Chiamydia trachomatis Infection in Sexually Active Adolescents: Prevalence and Risk Factors

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-840
Author(s):  
Mariam R. Chacko ◽  
Judith C. Lovchik
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Past History ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Use ◽  
History Of

The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatisgenital infection was studied in a sexually active urban Baltimore adolescent population. Possible risk factors such as age, past history of sexually transmitted disease, number of sexual partners, contact with sexually transmitted disease, oral contraceptive use, and concomitant gonococcal infection were also evaluated. The prevalence of chlamydial infection in the 280 adolescents studied was 26%: 35% in male adolescents, 27% in pregnant female adolescents, and 23% in nonpregnant female adolescents. Chiamydia was almost three times as prevalent as gonorrhea in the same population. Age, past history of sexually transmitted disease, oral contraceptive use, and concomitant gonorrhea were not significantly associated with chlamydial infection. However, multiple current sexual partners, contact with sexually transmitted disease, genitourinary symptoms, and cervical ectopy were significantly associated with chlamydial infection. Testing for chlamydial infection in sexually active urban teenagers is recommended for those with genitourinary symptoms, those with cervical ectopy, or those who are contacts of persons with sexually transmitted disease. Considering the reservoir of infection in the asymptomatic female adolescents, screening for chlamydial infections in family planning clinics warrants consideration.

PREVALENCE AND RELATED FACTORS OF POSTNATAL DEPRESSION IN HIV INFECTED WOMEN

2014 ◽  
pp. 140-152
Author(s):  
Manh Hoan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Thanh Cao
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Past History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

Background and Objective: HIV infection is also a cause of postpartum depression, however, in Vietnam, there has not yet the prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. The objective is to determine prevalence and related factors of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. Materials and Methods: From November 30th, 2012 to March 30th, 2014, a prospective cohort study is done at Dong Nai and Binh Duong province. The sample includes135 HIV infected women and 405 non infected women (ratio 1/3) who accepted to participate to the research. We used “Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening test when women hospitalized for delivery and 1 week, 6weeks postpartum. Mother who score EPDS ≥ 13 are likely to be suffering from depression. We exclude women who have EPDS ≥ 13 since just hospitalize. Data are collected by a structural questionaire. Results: At 6 weeks postpartum, prevalence of depression in HIV infected women is 61%, in the HIV non infected women is 8.7% (p < 0.001). There are statistical significant differences (p<0.05) between two groups for some factors: education, profession, income, past history of depression, child’s health, breast feeding. Logistical regression analysis determine these factors are related with depression: late diagnosis of HIV infection, child infected of HIV, feeling guilty of HIV infected and feeling guilty with their family. Multivariate regression analysis showed 4 factors are related with depression: HIV infection, living in the province, child’s health, past history of depression. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women is 61.2%; risk of depression of postnatal HIV infected women is 6.4 times the risk of postnatal HIV non infected women, RR=6.4 (95% CI:4.3 – 9.4). Domestic women have lower risk than immigrant women from other province, RR=0.72 (95% CI:0.5 – 0.9). Past history of depression is a risk factor with RR=1.7 (95% CI:1.02 – 0.9. Women whose child is weak or die, RR=1.7(95% CI:0.9 – 3.1). Keywords: Postpartum depression, HIV-positive postpartum women

scholarly journals Patients fifty years and older attending two sexually transmitted disease clinics in Baltimore, Maryland

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A Tuddenham ◽  
Kathleen R Page ◽  
Patrick Chaulk ◽  
Erika B Lobe ◽  
Khalil G Ghanem
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Younger Men

Many individuals remain sexually active into their eighth decade. Surveillance data suggest that rates of sexually transmitted infections in older patients are increasing. We compared demographics, risk behaviors, and predictors of acute infections in patients 50 years and older versus younger patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Baltimore, Maryland. This was a retrospective study from a large electronic database of visits to two urban sexually transmitted disease clinics between 2005 and 2010. Proportions were compared using the Chi square test. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of acute sexually transmitted infections in older versus younger groups. It was found that patients over 50 were more likely than younger patients to report never using condoms (32.6% [CI 0.31–0.34] versus 24.1% [CI 0.23–0.25]). The overall prevalence of acute sexually transmitted infections was 18.1% (CI 0.17–0.19) in older and 25.8% (CI 0.25–0.27) in younger patients. Older women were more likely to be diagnosed with trichomoniasis (21.5% [CI 18.6–24.5] versus 13.1% [CI 11.5–14.8]). Black race was predictive of having an acute sexually transmitted infections in younger men (OR 2.2 [CI 1.47–3.35]) and women (OR 2.7 [CI 1.34–5.30]) but not in older men (OR 1.2 [CI 0.79–1.73]) or women (OR 1.2 [CI 0.43–3.15]). Older age was associated with a decreased risk of acute STI diagnosis in younger men and older women only, while having had sex for money or drugs in the past month was predictive only in younger women. Reporting symptoms and increasing numbers of sexual partners in the last six months was predictive of acute sexually transmitted infection diagnosis in all age groups. Older patients seeking care at sexually transmitted disease clinics engage in important risk behaviors. Race, a factor predictive of acute sexually transmitted infections in younger patients is not a significant predictor of sexually transmitted infections in older persons.

Prevalence of HPV in a Melbourne Female STD Population: Comparison of RNA and DNA Probes in Detecting HPV by Dot Blot Hybridization

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Borg ◽  
G Medley ◽  
S M Garland
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Condylomata Acuminata ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Dot Blot Hybridization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Dna Types

A total of 377 women, consecutively selected as first attenders to a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Melbourne, Australia, were examined for overt Condylomata acuminata and were screened for genital HPV DNA types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and (35) using 2 dot blot hybridization methods. Overall, there was a 90% positivity correlation between the 2 methods with HPV DNA being detected in 12% of ectocervical samples. Overt warts were found in 15% of the women and HPV DNA was detected at the cervix in 35% with cytology predicting HPV with or without dysplasia in 27%. Thirteen percent had a past history of warts but none on examination and HPV DNA was evident in 16% while 18% had cytological features of HPV. Those with no warts evident and no past history of warts had both HPV DNA and cytological features of HPV in 7%.

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