Fatal Head Injury in Homicidal Victims

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachidananda Mohanty ◽  
Manoj Kumar Mohanty ◽  
Manoj Kumar Panigrahi ◽  
Sreemanta Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Hospital Records ◽  
Blunt Force ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Intracranial Lesions ◽  
Fatal Injuries

Homicide represents one of the leading causes of death, and the head is the target in the majority of cases. The objective of the present study was to analyze the pattern of head injury among homicidal death victims. Information was obtained by interviewing the accompanying persons, post-mortem examination and perusal of hospital records. Most of the victims were predominantly male and belonged in the age group 21-30 years. Blunt weapons caused the majority of the injuries. Defence wounds were present in 48% of the victims. The street was the place of crime in the majority of cases (46.7%) and in most of the cases there was more than one offender. Multiple assaults were seen on the body in 70% of cases. The skull was fractured in more than 80% of victims and intracranial haemorrhages were seen in 47 victims. Out of 77 cases, 55 victims showed intracranial lesions along with injuries to the skull and scalp. Associated fatal injuries were most commonly present on the neck and chest. The majority of the victims died instantly or within 24 hours. Blunt force is commonly used when the head is the target. Defence wounds, when present, are indicative of the homicidal nature of the attack, and multiple strokes present over the body indicate determination on the part of the accused to end the life of the victim.

scholarly journals POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION ON THE BODY OF MR. BRAVO.

The Lancet ◽  
1876 ◽  
Vol 107 (2751) ◽  
pp. 756-757
Author(s):  
J.F. Payne
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Examination

XII. Tables of the weights of the human body and internal organs in the sane and insane of both sexes at various ages, arranged from 2614 post-mortem examinations

1861 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 241-262 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Lunatic Asylum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Human Organs

These Tables have been compiled from notes of 2086 examinations made at St. Marylebone Infirmary, between 1839 and 1847; and of 528 examinations in cases of insanity made at the Somerset Lunatic Asylum, between 1848 and the end of December 1860, comprehending in all a period of twenty-one years. The calculations alone have been the labour of many months; a task, which, owing to the pressure of daily duties in a large establishment, I could not now have completed but for the able assistance of my relative Major Boyd. The Tables are submitted with a hope that they may aid in forming a standard of the weight of the human organs from early infancy to old age. The cases are arranged at eighteen periods of life, under eighteen different heads, showing the average height and weight of the body (the measurement of the head, and weight of the spinal marrow in. No. 2), the average weight of the encephalon and its several parts; also of each lung, of the heart, and of all the abdominal viscera. The assigned causes of death are given in the margin; also the variations in weight of the lungs, heart, and liver.

scholarly journals Exhumations: rarely done procedure but useful in many circumstances—a review of 47 cases in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Oberaifo Akhiwu ◽  
Chukwuemeka Charles Nwafor
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Mass Graves ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Traumatic Death ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Police Reports

Abstract Background To do a comprehensive analysis of all exhumation and post mortem examination (EPME) performed in South-South region of Nigeria, with an aim to determine the causes of death and various factors that affect it. Methodology This is a retrospective study of all EPME that were done in South-South region of Nigeria over 16 years (1 January 2001 and 31 December 2017). The duplicate copies of all EPME reports that were written previously and police reports for each case were reviewed. Results A total of 47 cases were seen. The youngest case was a 6-month-old male and the oldest an 86-year-old man. Males accounted for 72.3% of cases. Age group 20–29 years accounted for most (19.1%) cases. The history summary included sudden traumatic death (40.4%), bodies found floating on the river (23.4%), and kidnapped victims (8.5%). In 91.5% of cases, the autopsies were performed immediately after exhumation beside the grave. Grave locations were the river bank (23.4%), farm lands (21.3%), the deceased family compound (21.3%), cemetery (17%), and in the forest (10.6%). Two mass graves were seen containing 8 bodies and 11 bodies, respectively. A casket was used in 9 cases (19.1%). The shortest interval between burial and exhumation was 5 days, and the longest interval was 348 days. On exhumation, the remains were moderately to severely decomposed (36.2%), skeletonized (34%), or partially decomposed (23.4%). The causes of death were seen in 63.8% of cases. Conclusion Exhumation, though rarely done, still remains a useful procedure, because in a significant number of cases, it helped to answer the medico-legal question (the causes of death were seen). Young males account for most cases in our setting.

scholarly journals Acute Ruminal Drinking in a 2-week old Male Friesian Crossbred Calf

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
S. E. Abalaka ◽  
N. A. Sani ◽  
I. S. Idoko ◽  
O. Z. Tenuche ◽  
S. A. Ejeh
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Post-mortem examination was carried out on a 2-week old male Friesian crossbred calf to determine the cause of death. The body condition of the calf was fair with pale mucous membranes. There was petechial to ecchymotic epicardial haemorrhages with mild hydroperitoneum and hepatomegaly. The enlarged rumen contained a large amount of white offensive rancid-smelling curdled milk mixed with watery content while the abomasum contained some sand sediment. A diagnosis of acute ruminal drinking was made based on the calf's age, reportedly feeding entirely on milk ration, and the presence of a large amount of curdled milk in the rumen. Early diagnosis and the treatment of underlying pathological conditions, correction of predisposing management practices, and rumenostomy are some of the ante-mortem ways to combat and improve the prognosis of the condition in affected calves.   

Age-related changes in the hyoid bone: An autopsy-based radiological analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 002580242110202
Author(s):  
Devendra Jadav ◽  
Rutwik Shedge ◽  
Tanuj Kanchan ◽  
Vikas Meshram ◽  
Pawan Kumar Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Estimation ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Forensic Age Estimation ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Bone Fusion ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Forensic age estimation is a crucial aspect of the biological profile of unidentified cadavers. The utility of age-related changes of hyoid bone fusion in forensic age estimation has not been explored much in the past. These age-related changes can be visualised in both the living and the dead using conventional radiography. These changes can assist medico-legal professionals and forensic anthropologists in the identification of unknown deceased, especially when the cadaver is mutilated or charred or when the other well-established indicators of skeletal and dental maturity are absent. The aims of this study were to evaluate age-related changes in the hyoid bone and to ascertain whether these changes may be utilised for age estimation in forensic examinations. The hyoid bone was carefully dissected using a standard procedure from 75 cadavers during post-mortem examination. The hyoid bone was radiographed, and the bone was replaced in the body cavity before the post-mortem examination was completed. Hyoid bone fusion was studied by using a standard grading method. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was calculated between the fusion scores and chronological age to assess their relationship. Box and whisker plots of fusion stage-wise age distribution were constructed to demonstrate the gradual linear relationship between hyoid bone fusion and the chronological age of the study participants. The present study concludes that hyoid bone fusion is an indicator of the chronological age of an individual and can be used in conjunction with other methods of age estimation such as the skeletal and dental age.

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