scholarly journals Exhumations: rarely done procedure but useful in many circumstances—a review of 47 cases in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Oberaifo Akhiwu ◽  
Chukwuemeka Charles Nwafor
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Mass Graves ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Traumatic Death ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Police Reports

Abstract Background To do a comprehensive analysis of all exhumation and post mortem examination (EPME) performed in South-South region of Nigeria, with an aim to determine the causes of death and various factors that affect it. Methodology This is a retrospective study of all EPME that were done in South-South region of Nigeria over 16 years (1 January 2001 and 31 December 2017). The duplicate copies of all EPME reports that were written previously and police reports for each case were reviewed. Results A total of 47 cases were seen. The youngest case was a 6-month-old male and the oldest an 86-year-old man. Males accounted for 72.3% of cases. Age group 20–29 years accounted for most (19.1%) cases. The history summary included sudden traumatic death (40.4%), bodies found floating on the river (23.4%), and kidnapped victims (8.5%). In 91.5% of cases, the autopsies were performed immediately after exhumation beside the grave. Grave locations were the river bank (23.4%), farm lands (21.3%), the deceased family compound (21.3%), cemetery (17%), and in the forest (10.6%). Two mass graves were seen containing 8 bodies and 11 bodies, respectively. A casket was used in 9 cases (19.1%). The shortest interval between burial and exhumation was 5 days, and the longest interval was 348 days. On exhumation, the remains were moderately to severely decomposed (36.2%), skeletonized (34%), or partially decomposed (23.4%). The causes of death were seen in 63.8% of cases. Conclusion Exhumation, though rarely done, still remains a useful procedure, because in a significant number of cases, it helped to answer the medico-legal question (the causes of death were seen). Young males account for most cases in our setting.

scholarly journals Hanging as a Method of Suicide: Retrospective Analysis of Postmortem Cases

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ahmad ◽  
MZ Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Proper Method

This retrospective study was conducted on 145 postmortem cases of hanging victims at government medical college morgue over a period of two years. The objective of this study was to find out the pattern of hanging cases as a proper method of suicide and to evaluate the present situation of hanging in this capital city. Out of 145 cases, 41% were male and 51% were married. One hundred and one victims hanged themselves at night, while 44 at day time. In 72 victims, stomachs were found empty. Most (97%) of the bodies were recovered from inside the living rooms. Ninety seven percent had complete suspension. One hundred and forty two (98%) cases had ligature mark in neck. Thirty nine cases had fracture of hyoid bones, 27 cases had fracture of thyroid cartilages. Most of the victims (45%) were from the age group 20- 30 years. Dopatta (orna) was the commonest (35%) ligature material. Quarrel among husband and wife was the commonest (31%) cause of suicidal hanging. Hanging was observed as a frequently used method of suicide in Bangladesh. Key words: Hanging, suicide; post mortem DOI: 10.3329/jafmc.v6i2.7273JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 6, No 2 (December) 2010 pp.37-39

scholarly journals Retrospective study on some diseases causing mortality in West African Dwarf (Fouta djallon) goats during the first year of life: an eight-year study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
M. O. Oyeyemi ◽  
M. O. Akusu
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
West African ◽  
First Year ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Age Group ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Fouta Djallon ◽  
Very High

During an eight-year-study involving 242 kids born between 1993-2000, kid mortality for kids up to / year old was 47.52%. Irrespective of the age group, mortality was generally very high in young kids. The patterns of deaths were as follows: 29.57% before 3 months; 26.96% between 3 and 6 months, 12.17% between 6 and 9 months while 31.30% died between 9 and 12 months of age. Mortality rate for the 6-9 months period was significantly lower (P<0.05) than at other periods. The causes of kids' mortality were bad mothering abilities, malnutrition and disease. Pneumonia (37.39%) and pneumoenteritis (34.78%) were the major causes of death during the first year of life It was found out that kid with birth weight below 1.0kg and twins died before weaning. The introduction of new goat is a source of infectious disease especially PPR in the herd/flock. Also observed, as source is the introduction of new goats at age group 9-12 month. It is recommended that disease prevention, good management including the provision of adequate feeds for good growth and efficient veterinary care should be provided for goats in their first year of lif

Fatal Head Injury in Homicidal Victims

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachidananda Mohanty ◽  
Manoj Kumar Mohanty ◽  
Manoj Kumar Panigrahi ◽  
Sreemanta Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Hospital Records ◽  
Blunt Force ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Intracranial Lesions ◽  
Fatal Injuries

Homicide represents one of the leading causes of death, and the head is the target in the majority of cases. The objective of the present study was to analyze the pattern of head injury among homicidal death victims. Information was obtained by interviewing the accompanying persons, post-mortem examination and perusal of hospital records. Most of the victims were predominantly male and belonged in the age group 21-30 years. Blunt weapons caused the majority of the injuries. Defence wounds were present in 48% of the victims. The street was the place of crime in the majority of cases (46.7%) and in most of the cases there was more than one offender. Multiple assaults were seen on the body in 70% of cases. The skull was fractured in more than 80% of victims and intracranial haemorrhages were seen in 47 victims. Out of 77 cases, 55 victims showed intracranial lesions along with injuries to the skull and scalp. Associated fatal injuries were most commonly present on the neck and chest. The majority of the victims died instantly or within 24 hours. Blunt force is commonly used when the head is the target. Defence wounds, when present, are indicative of the homicidal nature of the attack, and multiple strokes present over the body indicate determination on the part of the accused to end the life of the victim.

scholarly journals Abundance of Road Traffic Accidents among Medicolegal Postmortem Cases

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZ Rahman ◽  
M Ahmad ◽  
FN Rahman ◽  
SMK Islam ◽  
KGM Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cranial Injury

This retrospective study was conducted at the Dhaka Medical College (DMC) morgue during the period of Jan 2008 to Dec 2008. The objective of this study was to find out the abundance of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) cases among medicolegal post mortem examinations performed at DMC morgue and in this relation to evaluate the present situation of RTA in our country. It has been observed that RTA cases are the most common cases among various types of medicolegal post mortems. A total of 2714 postmortems were conducted during the study period and out of which 813 (29.95%) cases were of RTA, among the victims 545 (67.03%) were male and 268 (32.96%) were female. Highest incidence (30.38 %) of RTA was observed among the age group 21 to 30 yrs. Most accidents occurred at daytime 282 (34.68%), followed by night 233 (28.66%). Greater number of accidents occurred during September 90 (11.07%), followed by January 85 (10.45%) and December 83 (10.20%). Commonest victims were pedestrians 564 (69.37%). Most accidents took place on highways 650 (79.95%) and buses were the most dangerous vehicle causing highest number of accidents 307 (37.76%), followed by truck 141 (17.34%). Among the cases 100% victims had multiple abrasion and bruise, laceration were present in 654 (80.44%), and intra cranial injury 527 (64.82 %). Key words: Road Traffic Accidents; Postmortem Examination DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7407 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 28-31

Suicidal Death Autopsy Analysis at Dhaka Medical College

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hossain ◽  
Z Rahman ◽  
S Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Autopsy Report ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Suicidal Death

A cross sectional study was carried out at the department of Forensic Medicine in Dhaka Medical College during the period of January 2008 to December 2009. Data were collected from 3rd copy of the post mortem reports which were preserved in the department of Forensic Medicine with the verbal consent of the doctors who performed autopsy report. During this period total 5114 autopsies were conducted. Out of this 970 cases (19%) were suicidal in nature. It was noticed that all suicidal deaths occurred from 10 years to all age group respectively, but top amongst age group of suicidal deaths occurred in between 21 to 30 years of people. Suicidal deaths are more common in female than male. Suicidal deaths due to hanging is highest, next common causes of death due to organophosphorus compund poisoning. Suicidal deaths by hanging is more in female than male but in poisoning cases male are more lvictimised than female. Objectives of our study are to see the occurrence and methods of suicidal death. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9957 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 18-21

scholarly journals Undetected Causes of Death in Hospitalized Elderly with COVID-19: Lessons from Autopsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1337
Author(s):  
Astrid Malézieux-Picard ◽  
Cecilia Ferrer Soler ◽  
David De Macedo Ferreira ◽  
Emilie Gaud-Luethi ◽  
Christine Serratrice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Hospitalized Elderly ◽  
Acute Decompensation ◽  
Clinical Chart ◽  
Full Body

Background: Mechanisms and causes of death in older patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are still poorly understood. Methods: We conducted in a retrospective monocentric study, a clinical chart review and post-mortem examination of patients aged 75 years and older hospitalized in acute care and positive for SARS-CoV-2. Full body autopsy and correlation with clinical findings and suspected causes of death were done. Results: Autopsies were performed in 12 patients (median age 85 years; median of 4 comorbidities, mainly hypertension and cardiovascular disease). All cases showed exudative or proliferative phases of alveolar damage and/or a pattern of organizing pneumonia. Causes of death were concordant in 6 cases (50%), and undetected diagnoses were found in 6. Five patients died from hypoxemic respiratory failure due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), five had another associated diagnosis and two died from alternative causes. Deaths that occurred in the second week were related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia whereas those occurring earlier were related mainly to heart failure and those occurring later to complications. Conclusions: Although COVID-19 hypoxemic respiratory failure was the most common cause of death, post-mortem pathological examination revealed that acute decompensation from chronic comorbidities during the first week of COVID-19 and complications in the third week contributed to mortality.

RIGOR MORTIS: PHYSIOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heron Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Rigor Mortis ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Extrinsic And Intrinsic Factors

Introduction: Estimating the time of death is an important task in day-to-day forensic work and many factors for its designation are understood, one of which is rigor mortis. They can be altered by extrinsic and intrinsic factors, such as temperature location, humidity, heat, age, sex, length and body weight, and can be used as a parameter for approximate identification of the time of death. Objective: To carry out a brief review on the topic in order to promote a better understanding of the subject addressed and fully understand its physiology. Materials and Methods: Pubmed, Scielo and Medline databases were searched without date restrictions for articles published in English and Portuguese using the descriptors rigor mortis, autolysis and changes after death. Results: The theme presents consolidated researches regarding its natural course, being an important tool to estimate the time of death along other signs that appear after death, as well as to estimate some causes of death. Conclusion: Understanding the development of rigor mortis, helps to identify and distinguish processes that may have led to death and the post-mortem time.

Notes upon the Incidence of Tuberculosis in Asylums

1906 ◽  
Vol 52 (216) ◽  
pp. 92-108
Author(s):  
George Greene
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Tubercle Bacillus ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
True Proportion ◽  
Lunatic Asylums

It is the prevalent opinion that phthisis is the scourge of our English lunatic asylums, and that these institutions are, literally speaking, hotbeds for the growth and distribution of the tubercle bacillus. In the Irish asylums, where the death-rate from phthisis alone amounts to nearly 30 per cent. of all causes of death, there seems to be just grounds for this belief. In the English asylums, however, the mortality is much lower, and is but little, if any, greater than that amongst the general population. This can be verified by examination of the Registrar-General's Report, from which it appears that phthisis accounts approximately for one in twelve of all deaths. These figures probably represent less than the true proportion of deaths from phthisis, since post-mortem examinations in the majority of cases are not made, and thus, doubtless, many cases of pulmonary tuberculosis are overlooked.

scholarly journals Rates of hippocampal atrophy and presence of post-mortem TDP-43 in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal retrospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 917-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A Josephs ◽  
Dennis W Dickson ◽  
Nirubol Tosakulwong ◽  
Stephen D Weigand ◽  
Melissa E Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Post Mortem

Ocular Cysticercosis — A Profile

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Chowdhary ◽  
Rajlakshmi Bansal ◽  
Kirti Singh ◽  
Varinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
North India ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Referral Centre ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Centre ◽  
Ocular Cysticercosis

A retrospective study was conducted on all histopathologically proven cases of ocular cysticercosis spanning a decade in a tertiary referral centre of North India. The symptomatology, presentation, complications and treatment therapies of 18 of these patients are discussed. The most common age group to be affected was 11–20 years (50%), while the most common site involved was subconjunctival (78%), followed by lid (11%). Spontaneous extrusion was documented in three cases. Medical treatment with albendazole under the cover of corticosteroids was found to be a useful adjunct to surgical excision.

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