Hemorheological Alteration in Patients with Cirrhosis Clinically Diagnosed with Portal Vein System Thrombosis After Splenectomy

AbstractThirty-four albino mice were each exposed to 20 cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum by the intraperitoneal or percutaneous route and killed after 60–127 days. The peritoneal cavity of each mouse was flushed and worms in the portal vein system were perfused with citrated saline. After sedimentation, washings were examined microscopically. Mature worms were only found in the portal vein system. The worm recovery rate was much higher by percutaneous infection (61.2%) than by intraperitoneal (37.1%). The encapsulated egg granulomas were observed either in the peritoneal cavity or on the intestinal wall; the mean number of encapsulated egg granulomas was also higher in the former (1.6) than in the latter (0.6). The average number of eggs per granuloma was very similar by both routes (10.7 and 11.4). The mean size of encapsulated egg granulomas (529 μm) was increased correspondingly with the number of eggs (range 181–985 μm). The percentage of viable eggs within the granulomas in the peritoneal cavity (77%) was much higher than those on the intestinal wall (18%). Encapsulated egg granulomas were usually ovoid although some had an irregular shape.

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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF HEMODYNAMICS IN PORTAL VEIN WITH THROMBOSIS BY COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s0219519414400065 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (06) ◽

pp. 1440006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

XINKAI WANG ◽

GUOJIE LI ◽

BIN CHEN ◽

YANSONG PU ◽

PENG NIE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽

Shear Stress ◽

Wall Shear Stress ◽

Portal Vein ◽

Mechanical Damage ◽

Maximum Velocity ◽

Vein System ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Wall Shear

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is an important complication that is associated with cirrhotic portal hypertension. The etiology is as yet unclear but could be closely related to the hemodynamics of the portal vein system. This paper investigated the hemodynamics in the portal vein model, both with and without thrombosis, as well as the effect of obstructions on the hemodynamics of the portal vein system using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. PVT can probably develop in the inlets of the portal vein as well as the left/right branches of the portal vein because the distribution of wall shear stress satisfies the conditions for PVT formation based upon the simulation of the hemodynamics in the normal portal vein model. According to the above results, geometric models for a portal vein with a thrombus were constructed and the influence of different degrees (26%, 39%, 53% and 64%) of obstructions was studied. In the model with the maximum obstruction (64% blocked), the maximum velocity of portal vein (PV) increased up to twice than in the model without thrombosis, and the maximum wall shear stress of PV in the model with thrombosis (64% blocked) increased up to 9.4 Pa, whereas it was only 1.9 Pa in the model without thrombosis (nearly one fifth of the maximum wall shear stress). Excessive wall shear stress may cause mechanical damage to the blood vessels and induce physiological changes.

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Resveratrol Reduces the Incidence of Portal Vein System Thrombosis after Splenectomy in a Rat Fibrosis Model

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2016/7453849 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Meng Xu ◽

Wanli Xue ◽

Zhenhua Ma ◽

Jigang Bai ◽

Shengli Wu

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Portal Vein ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Sham Operation ◽

Radical Oxygen Species ◽

Vein System ◽

Platelet Apoptosis ◽

Sd Rats ◽

Biochemical Assays ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Purpose. To investigate the preventive effect of resveratrol (RES) on the formation of portal vein system thrombosis (PVST) in a rat fibrosis model.Methods. A total of 64 male SD rats, weighing 200–300 g, were divided into five groups: Sham operation, Splenectomy I, Splenectomy II, RES, and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), with the former two groups as nonfibrosis controls. Blood samples were subjected to biochemical assays. Platelet apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. All rats were euthanized for PVST detection one week after operation.Results. No PVST occurred in nonfibrosis controls. Compared to Splenectomy II, the incidences of PVST in RES and LMWH groups were significantly decreased (bothp<0.05). Two rats in LMWH group died before euthanasia due to intra-abdominal hemorrhage. In RES group, significant decreases in platelet aggregation, platelet radical oxygen species (ROS) production, and increase in platelet nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and platelet apoptosis were observed when compared with Splenectomy II (allp<0.001), while in LMWH group only significant decrease in platelet aggregation was observed.Conclusion. Prophylactic application of RES could safely reduce the incidence of PVST after splenectomy in cirrhotic rat. Regulation of platelet function and induction of platelet apoptosis might be the underlying mechanisms.

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