scholarly journals First Report of Saprolegnia parasitica from a Marine Species: Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) in Brackish Water Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 1503
Author(s):  
Ε. DINÇTÜRK ◽  
T. T. TANRIKUL ◽  
S. S. BIRINCIOĞLU
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Saprolegnia Parasitica

Saprolegniosis is a serious fungal disease that mostly affects freshwater fish species and eggs. It has a cotton wool-like appearance on the body of amphibians, crustaceans and several fish species. Infected gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) were subjected to clinical, microbiological, parasitological and pathological investigation. On the infected skin samples, grey-white cotton-like patches, erosion of the skin and scale affusion were detected. Lesions covered the whole body of S. aurata in the advanced stages. Bacterial growth and parasitic symptoms were not observed in microbiological examination. Microscopic examination showed hyphaes carrying cysts that were long and branched. In scanning electron microscopy overviews fungal zoospores were observed. In histopathological observations of sections of skin, erosive-ulcerative dermatitis and mycelium of Saprolegnia parasitica were seen in the muscle tissue. Gene sequence-based identification found Saprolegnia parasitica. S. parasitica has not until now been detected in S.aurata. The low salinity of the brackish water is believed to be the predisposing factor of Saprolegniosis in sea bream in this case.

scholarly journals Protein and arginine requirements for maintenance and nitrogen gain in four teleosts

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Fournier ◽  
M. F. Gouillou-Coustans ◽  
R. Métailler ◽  
C. Vachot ◽  
M. J. Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
European Seabass ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acids ◽  
Psetta Maxima

Besides being an indispensable amino acid for protein synthesis, arginine (Arg) is also involved in a number of other physiological functions. Available data on the quantitative requirement for Arg in different teleosts appear to show much variability. So far, there are very limited data on the maintenance requirements of indispensable amino acids (IAA) in fish. In the present study, we compared N and Arg requirements for maintenance and growth of four finfish species: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), turbot (Psetta maxima), gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Groups of fish having an initial body weight close to 5–7 g were fed semi-purified diets containing graded levels of N (0 to 8 % DM) and Arg (0 to 3 % DM) over 4 to 6 weeks. For each species, N and Arg requirements for maintenance and for growth were calculated regressing daily N gain against daily N or Arg intakes. N requirement for maintenance was estimated to be 37·8, 127·3, 84·7 and 45·1 mg/kg metabolic body weight per d and 2·3, 2·2, 2·6 and 2·5 g for 1 g N accretion, in rainbow trout, turbot, gilthead seabream and European seabass respectively. The four species studied appear to have very low or no dietary Arg requirements for maintenance. Arg requirement for g N accretion was calculated to be 0·86 g in rainbow trout and between 1·04–1·11 g in the three marine species. Turbot required more N for maintenance than the other three species, possibly explaining its reputedly high overall dietary protein requirement. Data suggest a small but sufficient endogenous Arg synthesis to maintain whole body N balance and differences between freshwater and marine species as regards Arg requirement. It is worth verifying this tendency with other IAA.

scholarly journals Low dietary inclusion of nutraceuticals from microalgae improves feed efficiency and modifies intermediary metabolisms in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Perera ◽  
David Sánchez-Ruiz ◽  
María Isabel Sáez ◽  
Alba Galafat ◽  
André Barany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Gilthead Seabream ◽  
Plasma Lactate ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate two functional feeds for the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, containing low inclusion of two microalgae-based products (LB-GREENboost, LBGb; and LB-GUThealth, LBGh). Fish (12–13 g) were fed for 13 weeks a control diet or one of the four diets supplemented with both products at 0.5% or 1%. LBGb and LBGh did not affect specific growth rate or survival, but increased feed efficiency by decreasing feed intake and enlarging the intestines. LBGb increased hepatosomatic index and reduced cortisol levels in plasma, while both products lowered plasma lactate. Extensive metabolite and metabolic enzyme profiling revealed that microalgae supplementations, especially 1% LBGh: (i) decrease plasma lactate and increase hepatic glycogen, (ii) reduce hepatic gluconeogenesis, (iii) enhance hepatic lipogenic activity and lipid secretion, (iv) led fish to double triglyceride content in muscle and to stimulate its lipid oxidative capacity, and (v) increase the content of monounsaturated fatty acids and the omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid in muscle. This study demonstrates that both microalgae-based products are suited to improve feed efficiency and orchestrate significant changes in the intermediary metabolism in gilthead seabream juveniles.

scholarly journals Heritability Estimates and Genetic Correlation for Growth Traits and LCDV Susceptibility in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata)

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Carballo ◽  
Hyun Suk Shin ◽  
Concepción Berbel ◽  
Maria Jesús Zamorano ◽  
Juan Jose Borrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gilthead Sea Bream ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Lymphocystis Disease Virus ◽  
Lymphocystis Disease

The lymphocystis disease (LCD) is a viral infection with a high economic impact in gilthead sea bream aquaculture. In this study, genetic estimates associated with lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) disease susceptibility and growth were determined in sea bream juveniles. Two fish batches (named batch 1 and batch 2) were built from mass spawning and reared under industrial conditions until disease outbreak. At the moment of the sampling (n = 500 specimens for each batch), all animals had the typical LCDV lesions in the skin. For phenotyping, animals were weighted and photographed for image analysis (surface covered and lesion intensity). LCDV DNA copies were quantified in the liver by qPCR. Batch 1 had a higher surface covered and lesion intensity than batch 2, and the body caudal region was the lowest affected region in both batches. The average LCDV DNA copies in liver were higher in the batch 1 than batch 2, and they were positively correlated with severity index (SI) categories (r2 = 0.90–0.94). The total number of families evaluated were 150 and 128 for batch 1 and batch 2, respectively, with a high bias in offspring contribution by family and broodstock. Heritabilities for weight and length were 0.18 and 0.14 in batch 1 and 0.06 and 0.05 in batch 2, respectively. Heritability for the number of viral DNA copies was low (<0.08) in both batches. Heritabilities for SI in binary scale were 0.32/0.33 and 0.21/0.24 (underlying liability/Bayesian approach) for batch 1 and batch 2, respectively. Genetic correlations were very high and positive when growth traits (weight and length) or disease traits (LCDV DNA copies and SI) were compared. In contrast, the genetic correlations between growth and disease traits were moderate–high and positive in the batch 1 but negative in batch 2. These results indicate the genetic selection for LCDV susceptibility and growth is feasible in sea bream juveniles, although estimates are highly dependent on the age. The information provided is relevant to designing selective breeding programs in sea bream.

scholarly journals Collagen Fibrils in Cultured and Wild Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Liver. An Electron Microscopy and Image Analysis Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 917-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Berillis ◽  
Eleni Mente ◽  
Ioannis Nengas
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Collagen Fibril ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soya Meal ◽  
Collagen Peptide

This study aims to measure liver collagen fibril diameter in cultured and wild sea breams (Sparus aurata). Cultured sea breams were fed three isonitrogenous diets. The organically produced feed contained sustainable certified fish meal (45%), fish oil (14%), and organic certified wheat; the laboratory feed contained fish meal (45%), fish oil (14%), wheat meal, and soya meal; and the commercial feed included fish meal (46%), fish oil (17%), soya meal, wheat meal, and corn gluten meal. The organic diet had higher amounts of vitamins A, C, and E; specific amino acids; and minerals that enhanced the biosynthesis of collagen. This study shows that fish fed the organic feed had significantly bigger collagen fibril diameters than the fish fed the conventional feed. Furthermore, the organically fed fish had similarly sized collagen fibril diameters as wild fish. More research is needed to understand the long-term effects and the mechanism and function of fish collagen peptide intake on lipid absorption and metabolism; and to identify dietary regimes that are able to improve whole body lipid profiles and suppress the transient increase of plasma triglycerides.

scholarly journals Vegetable lipid sources in vitro biosyntheis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the intestine of sea bream (Sparus aurata)

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Caballero ◽  
Germ´an Gallardo ◽  
Lidia Robaina ◽  
Daniel Montero ◽  
Antonio Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Sparus Aurata ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Lipid Absorption ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Morphological Alterations

Despite the good growth performance of several fish species when dietary fish oil is partly replaced by vegetable oils, recent studies have reported several types of intestinal morphological alterations in cultured fish fed high contents of vegetable lipid sources. However, the physiological process implied in these morphological changes have not been clarified yet, since alterations in the physiological mechanisms involved in the different processes of lipid absorption could be responsible for such gut morphological features. The objective of the present study was to investigate the activities of reacylation pathways in fish, the glycerol-3-phosphate and the monoacylglycerol pathways, in order to clarify the intestinal triacylglycerol (TAG) and phospholipid biosynthesis to better understand the morphological alterations observed in the intestine of fish fed vegetable oils. Intestinal microsomes of sea bream fed different lipid sources (fish, soyabean and rapeseed oils) at three different inclusion levels were isolated and incubated with l-[14C(U)]glycerol-3-phosphate and [1-14C]palmitoyl CoA. The results showed that in this fish species the glycerol-3-phosphate pathway is mainly involved in phospholipid synthesis, whereas TAG synthesis is mainly mediated by the monoacylglycerol pathway. Feeding with rapeseed oil reduced the reacylation activity in both pathways, explaining the high accumulation of lipid droplets in the supranuclear portion of the intestinal epithelium, whereas soyabean oil enhanced phosphatidylcholine synthesis, being associated with the increase in VLDL found in previous studies.

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