scholarly journals Relationship between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans in early childhood caries, evaluated by quantitative PCR

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang W. Bachtiar ◽  
Boy M. Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background:The aim of this study was to analyze the synergistic relationship betweenCandida albicansandStreptococcus mutansin children with early childhood caries (ECC) experience.Methods:Dental plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were taken from 30 subjects aged 3-5 years old, half with (n=15, dmft > 4) and half without (n=15) ECC. The abundance ofC. albicansandS. mutansand relative to total bacteria load were quantify by real-time PCR (qPCR). This method was also employed to investigate the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase (gtfB) gene in dental plaque. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to perform statistical analysis.Results:Within the ECC group, the quantity of both microorganisms were higher in the saliva than in dental plaque. The ratio ofC. albicansto total bacteria was higher in saliva than in plaque samples (p < 0.05). We observed the opposite forS. mutans(p < 0.05). The different value ofC. albicansandS. mutansin saliva was positively correlated, and negatively correlated in dental plaque. Transcription level ofS. mutans gtfBshowed a positive correlation withC. albicansconcentration in dental plaque. Conclusion:C. albicanshas a positive correlation with cariogenic traits ofS. mutansin ECC-related biofilm of young children.

scholarly journals Relationship between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans in early childhood caries, evaluated by quantitative PCR

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang W. Bachtiar ◽  
Boy M. Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background:The aim of this study was to analyze the synergistic relationship betweenCandida albicansandStreptococcus mutansin children with early childhood caries (ECC) experience.Methods:Dental plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were taken from 30 subjects aged 3-5 years old, half with (n=15, dmft > 4) and half without (n=15) ECC. The abundance ofC. albicansandS. mutansand relative to total bacteria load were quantify by real-time PCR (qPCR). This method was also employed to investigate the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase (gtfB) gene in dental plaque. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to perform statistical analysis.Results:Within the ECC group, the quantity of both microorganisms were higher in the saliva than in dental plaque. The ratio ofC. albicansto total bacteria was higher in saliva than in plaque samples (p < 0.05). We observed the opposite forS. mutans(p < 0.05). The different value ofC. albicansandS. mutansin saliva was positively correlated, and negatively correlated in dental plaque. Transcription level ofS. mutans gtfBshowed a positive correlation withC. albicansconcentration in dental plaque. Conclusion:C. albicanshas a positive correlation with cariogenic traits ofS. mutansin ECC-related biofilm of young children.

scholarly journals The enhancing antibiofilm activity of curcumin on Streptococcus mutans strains from severe early childhood caries

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingchun Li ◽  
Ting Pan ◽  
Huancai Lin ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Curcumin Treatment ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Live Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Background Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is one of the main cariogenic bacteria for caries. It was found that the clinical strains of S. mutans isolated from caries active population have stronger cariogenic ability than the isolates from caries-free (CF) people. Previous studies have found that curcumin can inhibit biofilm formation of S. mutans UA159. The objective of this study is to explore the antibiofilm effect of curcumin on the clinical isolates of S. mutans from severe early childhood caries(SECC). Results The isolates from SECC group had more biomass than CF group (t = 4.296, P < 0.001). The acidogenicity and aciduricity of the strains from two groups showed no significant difference. After treatment with curcumin, the viability of biofilm was reduced to 61.865% ± 7.108% in SECC and to 84.059% ± 10.227% in CF group at 24 h (P < 0.05). The net reduction of live bacteria and total bacteria in the SECC group was significantly higher than that of the CF group (live bacteria t = 3.305, P = 0.016; total bacteria t = 2.378, P = 0.045) at 5 min. For 24 h, the net reduction of live bacteria and total bacteria in the SECC group was significantly higher than that of the CF group (live bacteria t = 3.305, P = 0.016; total bacteria t = 2.378, P = 0.045). The reduction of biofilm thickness reduced significantly in 5 min (t = 4.110, P = 0.015) and in 24 h (t = 3.453, P = 0.014). Long-term (24 h) curcumin treatment inhibited the amount of EPS in SECC group from (25.980 ± 1.156) μm3/μm2 to (20.136 ± 1.042) μm3/μm2, the difference was statistically significant (t = 7.510, P < 0.001). The gene of gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, fruA and srtA in the CF group and the gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, srtA in SECC group were respectively reduced after 5 min curcumin treatment. After 24 h treatment, the gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, fruA and srtA in both two groups were downregulation, all the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions Curcumin has antibiofilm activity on clinical strains of S. mutans, especially for those isolated from SECC.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-infective Potential of Thymol Against Early Childhood Caries Causing Dual Species Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arumugam Priya ◽  
Anthonymuthu Selvaraj ◽  
Dass Divya ◽  
Ramalingam Karthik Raja ◽  
Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Infective Potential ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries (ECC), a severe form of caries due to cross-kingdom interaction of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans, is a serious childhood dental disease that affects majority of the children with poor background. The present study investigated the anti-infective potential of thymol against C. albicans and S. mutans dual species for the management of ECC. Thymol, a plant derivative of the monoterpene group, has been well known for its numerous biological activities. Thymol at 300 μg/ml concentration completely arrested growth and proliferation of dual species of C. albicans and S. mutans. Rapid killing efficacy of pathogens, within a span of 2 min, was observed in the time kill assay. In addition, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, thymol effectively diminished the biofilm formation and virulence of both C. albicans and S. mutans such as yeast-to-hyphal transition, hyphal-to-yeast transition, filamentation, and acidogenicity and acidurity, respectively, in single and dual species state. qPCR analysis was consistent with virulence assays. Also, through the invertebrate model system Galleria mellonella, in vivo toxicity and efficacy of the phytocompound was assessed, and it was found that no significant toxic effect was observed. Moreover, thymol was found to be proficient in diminishing the infection under single and dual state in in vivo condition. Overall, the results from the present study illustrate the anti-infective potential of thymol against the ECC-causing dual species, C. albicans and S. mutans, and the applicability of thymol in medicated dentifrice formulation.

scholarly journals The enhancing antibiofilm activity of curcumin on Streptococcus mutans strains from severe early childhood caries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingchun Li ◽  
Ting Pan ◽  
Huancai Lin ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Curcumin Treatment ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Live Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Background Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ) is one of the main cariogenic bacteria for caries. It was found that the clinical strains of S. mutans isolated from caries active population have stronger cariogenic ability than the isolates from caries-free (CF) people. Previous studies have found that curcumin can inhibit biofilm formation of S. mutans UA159. The objective of this study is to explore the antibiofilm effect of curcumin on the clinical isolates of S. mutans from severe early childhood caries(SECC). Results The isolates from SECC group had more biomass than CF group (t=4.296, P<0.001). The acidogenicity and aciduricity of the strains from two groups showed no significant difference. After treatment with curcumin, the viability of biofilm was reduced to 61.865%±7.108% in SECC and to 84.059%±10.227% in CF group at 24 h (P<0.05). The net reduction of live bacteria and total bacteria in the SECC group was significantly higher than that of the CF group (live bacteria t=3.305, P=0.016; total bacteria t=2.378, P=0.045) at 5min. For 24h, the net reduction of live bacteria and total bacteria in the SECC group was significantly higher than that of the CF group (live bacteria t=3.305, P=0.016; total bacteria t=2.378, P=0.045). The reduction of biofilm thickness reduced significantly in 5min (t = 4.110, P = 0.015) and in 24h (t=3.453, P =0.014). Long-term (24h) curcumin treatment inhibited the amount of EPS in SECC group from (25.980±1.156) μm 3 /μm 2 to (20.136±1.042) μm 3 /μm 2 , the difference was statistically significant (t=7.510, P<0.001). The gene of gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, fruA and srtA in the CF group and the gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, srtA in SECC group were respectively reduced after 5min curcumin treatment. After 24h treatment, the gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, fruA and srtA in both two groups were downregulation, all the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions Curcumin has antibiofilm activity on clinical strains of S. mutans , especially for those isolated from SECC.

scholarly journals The enhancing antibiofilm activity of curcumin on Streptococcus mutans strains from severe early childhood caries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingchun Li ◽  
Ting Pan ◽  
Huancai Lin ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Curcumin Treatment ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Live Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Background Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is one of the main cariogenic bacteria for caries. It was found that the clinical strains of S. mutans isolated from caries active population have stronger cariogenic ability than the isolates from caries-free (CF) people. Previous studies have found that curcumin can inhibit biofilm formation of S. mutans UA159. The objective of this study is to explore the antibiofilm effect of curcumin on the clinical isolates of S. mutans from severe early childhood caries(SECC).Results The isolates from SECC group had more biomass than CF group (t = 4.296, P < 0.001). The acidogenicity and aciduricity of the strains from two groups showed no significant difference. After treatment with curcumin, the viability of biofilm was reduced to 61.865%±7.108% in SECC and to 84.059%±10.227% in CF group at 24 h (P < 0.05). The net reduction of live bacteria and total bacteria in the SECC group was significantly higher than that of the CF group (live bacteria t = 3.305, P = 0.016; total bacteria t = 2.378, P = 0.045) at 5min. For 24h, the net reduction of live bacteria and total bacteria in the SECC group was significantly higher than that of the CF group (live bacteria t = 3.305, P = 0.016; total bacteria t = 2.378, P = 0.045). The reduction of biofilm thickness reduced significantly in 5min (t = 4.110, P = 0.015) and in 24h (t = 3.453, P = 0.014). Long-term (24h) curcumin treatment inhibited the amount of EPS in SECC group from (25.980±1.156) μm3/μm2 to (20.136±1.042) μm3/μm2, the difference was statistically significant (t = 7.510, P < 0.001). The gene of gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, fruA and srtA in the CF group and the gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, srtA in SECC group were respectively reduced after 5min curcumin treatment. After 24h treatment, the gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, fruA and srtA in both two groups were downregulation, all the differences were statistically significant.Conclusions Curcumin has antibiofilm activity on clinical strains of S. mutans, especially for those isolated from SECC.

scholarly journals The enhancing antibiofilm activity of curcumin on Streptococcus mutans strains from severe early childhood caries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingchun Li ◽  
Ting Pan ◽  
Huancai Lin ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Curcumin Treatment ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Live Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract BackgroundStreptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is one of the main cariogenic bacteria for caries. It was found that the clinical strains of S. mutans isolated from caries active population have stronger cariogenic ability than the isolates from caries-free (CF) people. Previous studies have found that curcumin can inhibit biofilm formation of S. mutans UA159. The objective of this study is to explore the antibiofilm effect of curcumin on the clinical isolates of S. mutans from severe early childhood caries(SECC).ResultsThe isolates from SECC group had more biomass than CF group (t = 4.296, P < 0.001). The acidogenicity and aciduricity of the strains from two groups showed no significant difference. After treatment with curcumin, the viability of biofilm was reduced to 61.865%±7.108% in SECC and to 84.059%±10.227% in CF group at 24 h (P < 0.05). The net reduction of live bacteria and total bacteria in the SECC group was significantly higher than that of the CF group (live bacteria t = 3.305, P = 0.016; total bacteria t = 2.378, P = 0.045) at 5 min. For 24 h, the net reduction of live bacteria and total bacteria in the SECC group was significantly higher than that of the CF group (live bacteria t = 3.305, P = 0.016; total bacteria t = 2.378, P = 0.045). The reduction of biofilm thickness reduced significantly in 5 min (t = 4.110, P = 0.015) and in 24 h (t = 3.453, P = 0.014). Long-term (24 h) curcumin treatment inhibited the amount of EPS in SECC group from (25.980 ± 1.156) µm3/µm2 to (20.136 ± 1.042) µm3/µm2, the difference was statistically significant (t = 7.510, P < 0.001). The gene of gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, fruA and srtA in the CF group and the gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, srtA in SECC group were respectively reduced after 5 min curcumin treatment. After 24 h treatment, the gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf, gbpB, fruA and srtA in both two groups were downregulation, all the differences were statistically significant.ConclusionsCurcumin has antibiofilm activity on clinical strains of S. mutans, especially for those isolated from SECC.

scholarly journals Association of Candida albicans and Cbp+ Streptococcus mutans with early childhood caries recurrence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Garcia ◽  
N. C. Acosta ◽  
S. L. Tomar ◽  
L. F. W. Roesch ◽  
J. A. Lemos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year ◽  
Recurrence Group ◽  
Childhood Caries

AbstractEarly childhood caries (ECC) recurrence occurs in approximately 40% of treated cases within one year. The association of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans with the onset of ECC is well known. Also, S. mutans strains harboring collagen-binding proteins (Cbps) avidly bind to collagen-rich dentin and are linked to increased caries risk. Here, we investigated the presence of Cbp+S. mutans and C. albicans in saliva and dental plaque of children with varying caries statuses, and their salivary microbiome. In this cross-sectional study, 143 children who were caries-free (n = 73), treated for ECC with no signs of recurrence after 6 months (n = 45), or treated for ECC and experiencing recurrence within 6 months following treatment (n = 25) were enrolled. Co-infection with C. albicans and S. mutans, especially Cbp+S. mutans, was strongly associated with caries recurrence. Subjects of the recurrence group infected with Cbp+S. mutans showed a greater burden of Candida spp. and of Mutans streptococci in dentin than those infected with Cbp- strains. Salivary microbiome analysis revealed that Streptococcus parasanguinis was overrepresented in the caries recurrence group. Our findings indicate that Cbp+S. mutans and C. albicans are intimately associated with caries recurrence, contributing to the establishment of recalcitrant biofilms.

scholarly journals Methods of Biotyping of Streptococcus mutans Species with the Routine Test as a Prognostic Value in Early Childhood Caries

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirginia Krzyściak ◽  
Dorota Kościelniak ◽  
Monika Papież ◽  
Anna Jurczak ◽  
Palina Vyhouskaya
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Routine Test ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Common Mean ◽  
Childhood Caries

Purpose. In order to investigate the suitability of Streptococcus mutans species biotyping by measuring the activity of selected enzymes from a commercial test, criteria were established for biotyping clinical strains from children with dental caries. In addition, the relationships between the selected biotypes, sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics, and early childhood caries were determined. Methods. A total of 142 S. mutans isolates from dental plaque of children with caries were divided into different biotypes. Patients were divided into two groups: noncavitated (1-2 in ICDAS) and cavitated (5-6 in ICDAS) lesions. Biotyping criteria were determined based on both the arbitrary method and the clusterization method. The susceptibility of the strains to amoxicillin, cefazolin, erythromycin, and teicoplanin was studied by diluting a solid medium. Results. Biotype I was the most common. Mean MIC values showed that the strains belonging to biotypes II and IV were the most sensitive to amoxicillin. For predetermined biotypes, observed differences were dependent on the severity of dental caries. Conclusions. The proposed method of S. mutans strains biotyping is relatively quick and simple to use, provided the application of suitable biotyping criteria, and may contribute to the effective prevention of dental caries induced by S. mutans.

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