scholarly journals Two parallel reporting systems for malaria surveillance in Pakistan, 2013–17: is exact burden reflected?

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1986
Author(s):  
Hammad Habib ◽  
Razia Fatima ◽  
Abdul Baseer Achakzai ◽  
Ahmad Wali ◽  
Aashifa Yaqoob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Malaria Surveillance ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
Reported Data

Background: Pakistan is facing challenges regarding the availability of reliable data for malaria surveillance. These include lack of coordination between different reporting systems and fragmented information system. This study aimed to compare the reporting of malaria surveillance systems in Pakistan. Methods: There are two parallel reporting systems for malaria surveillance in Pakistan, the District Health Information System (DHIS) and Malaria Information System (MIS). DHIS reports on all morbidity at health facility level, while MIS is only used for malaria surveillance in the donor supported districts. A cross sectional study was conducted between July-September 2018 by using the retrospective records of DHIS and MIS data reported to the Directorate of Malaria Control (DOMC) Islamabad during 2013-17. Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed to compare the coverage, outcome and impact indicators. Results: During 2013-17, all districts (n=145, 100%) across Pakistan reported on the DHIS. The MIS reporting coverage has gradually increased from 21 (14.5%) to 72 (49.7%) districts. Reported number of suspected screened and confirmed malaria cases were compared. MIS reported twice the number of suspects screened for malaria (100.5%) and confirmed malaria cases (124.4%) as compared to the DHIS. The difference in the reported average annual blood examination rate (ABER) was 3.8, test positivity rate (TPR) was -0.9 and the annual parasite incidence (API) was 4.9/1000 population over five years between two systems. DHIS reported only half the ABER and API as compared to MIS. Conclusion: There is huge under-reporting of suspected and confirmed malaria cases in the DHIS as compared to MIS. Urgent attention is needed to address this, as it is vital to have uniform reporting of true disease burden across the country. An integrated disease surveillance system, improved data validation systems, and use of the online DHIS-2 are potential options for better integrity and coherence of reported data.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Utilization of Outdoor Services at Secondary Care Hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-74
Author(s):  
Atiq ur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Zarmeena Yasmeen ◽  
Muzammil Irshad
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the effects of COVID-19 and lockdown on OPD services. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at District Headquarter Hospital (DHQ) and Tehsil Headquarter (THQ) Hospitals of District Layyah. The data was collected from one DHQ hospital and six THQ hospitals. The OPD data of three years (the years 2018 to 2020) was extracted from District Health Information System (DHIS). Trends of outpatients’ flow during months of March and April of three years were taken. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 24. RESULTS: The COVID-19 pandemic was declared by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, and all countries started lockdown nationwide which imposed a major impact on all areas of life. Fear of coronavirus spread and lockdown resulted in significant reduction in number of patients at outdoor services. In our study, we analyzed outdoor services of seven hospitals of district Layyah - one DHQ hospital and six THQ hospitals. Conclusion: Fear of coronavirus spread and lockdown resulted in significant reduction in number of patients at outdoor services.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Kano State Lassa Fever Surveillance System, 2015-2018 – Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman yahya Umar ◽  
Mikha'il Abdu Abubakar ◽  
Imam Wada Bello ◽  
Muhammad Shakir Balogun ◽  
Sadiq Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surveillance And Response ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
Training And Support

Abstract BackgroundLassa fever (LF) is one of the priority diseases under surveillance through the integrated disease surveillance and response system (IDSR). We evaluated the LF surveillance system against its set objectives and assessed its attributes. MethodsWe used cross-sectional study design. Forty-seven stakeholders involved in the surveillance system were interviewed using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems. The LF surveillance data from January 2015 to December 2018 were also analyzed. The attribute and objectives of the system were evaluated. ResultsOut of the 76 suspected cases recorded in kano state during the study period, only 54 samples were laboratory tested, 11 of them were confirmed positive with 9 deaths (case fatality rate of 82%). Confirmed cases were predominantly in Tudun Wada LGA (63.6%), while the age-group 20-39 years constituted 55% of the confirmed cases. There was male preponderance of cases (73%). The predictive value positive (PVP) was 14.5%. The surveillance system was however meeting its objectives of determining LF burden and detecting and characterizing cases and outbreak.ConclusionLF surveillance system in Kano was simple, flexible, stable, acceptable and timely. However, data was not representative. We recommended improved reporting from private and tertiary facilities and more personnel training and support to improve the system.

scholarly journals Evaluation of community-based disease surveillance systems for priority disease detection in Nairobi County Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4692
Author(s):  
Annastacia Katuvee Muange ◽  
John Kariuki ◽  
James Mwitari
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Community based disease surveillance (CBDS) may be defined as an active process of community involvement in identification, reporting, responding to and monitoring diseases and public health events of concern in the community. The scope of CBS is limited to systematic continuous collection of health data on events and diseases guided by simplified lay case definitions and reporting to health facilities for verification, investigation, collation, analysis and response as necessary.Methods: A cross sectional study design, interventions study program was adopted to determine the effectiveness of CBDS in detecting of priority diseases. Purposive and random sampling methods was employed to select the respondents.Results: The results of the study assisted the Ministry of health to understand the effectiveness of Community based surveillance in detection of priority diseases and hence strengthen the community-based surveillance initiative. From the findings, the integrated disease surveillance data for five years from 2014-2018 shows, more cases of priority diseases reported in health facilities linked to a community unit trained on CBDS. Cholera (9/5), Malaria (4757/2789), Neonatal tetanus (27/3) respectively.Conclusions: The study concluded that, use of community-based surveillance system, improves detection of the notifiable diseases in the community. The study revealed that there is a gap on training of community-based disease surveillance system and therefore there is need for continuous refresher trainings on CBDS to the CHVs and CHAs to accommodate also the newly recruited.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Kano State Lassa Fever Surveillance System, 2015-2018 – Nigeria

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman yahya Umar ◽  
Mikha'il Abdu Abubakar ◽  
Imam Wada Bello ◽  
Muhammad Shakir Balogun ◽  
Sadiq Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surveillance And Response ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
Training And Support

Abstract BackgroundLassa fever (LF) is one of the priority diseases under surveillance through the integrated disease surveillance and response system (IDSR). We evaluated the LF surveillance system against its set objectives and assessed its attributes. MethodsWe used cross-sectional study design. Forty-seven stakeholders involved in the surveillance system were interviewed using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Updated Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems. The LF surveillance data from January 2015 to December 2018 were also analyzed. The attribute and objectives of the system were evaluated. ResultsOut of the 76 suspected cases recorded in kano state during the study period, only 54 samples were laboratory tested, 11 of them were confirmed positive with 9 deaths (case fatality rate of 82%). Confirmed cases were predominantly in Tudun Wada LGA (63.6%), while the age-group 20-39 years constituted 55% of the confirmed cases. There was male preponderance of cases (73%). The predictive value positive (PVP) was 14.5%. The surveillance system was however meeting its objectives of determining LF burden and detecting and characterizing cases and outbreak.ConclusionLF surveillance system in Kano was simple, flexible, stable, acceptable and timely. However, data was not representative. We recommended improved reporting from private and tertiary facilities and more personnel training and support to improve the system.

scholarly journals Converting the existing disease surveillance from a paper-based to an electronic-based system using District Health Information System (DHIS-2) for real-time information: The Lebanese experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalal Youssef ◽  
Ayat Yaghi ◽  
Abbas Jouny ◽  
Linda Abou-Abbas ◽  
Houssam Chammaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
District Health ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Roll Out

Abstract Introduction:The Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon is in the process of converting the surveillance reporting from a cumbersome paper-based system to a web-based electronic platform (DHIS-2) to have real-time information for early detection of alerts and outbreaks and for initiating a prompt response.Objectives:This paper aimed to document the Lebanese experience in implementing DHIS-2 for the disease surveillance system. It also targets to assess the improvement of reporting rates and timeliness of the reported data and to disclose the encountered challenges and opportunities. MethodologyThis is a retrospective description of processes involved in the implementation of the DHIS-2 tool in Lebanon. Initially, it was piloted for the school-based surveillance in 2014; then its use was extended in May 2017 to cover other specific surveillance systems. This included all surveillance programs collecting aggregate data from hospitals, medical centers, dispensaries, or laboratories at the first stage. As part of the national roll-out process, the online application was developed. The customized aggregated-based datasets, organization units, user accounts, specific and generic dashboards were generated. More than 80 training sessions were conducted throughout the country targeting 1290 end-users including health officers at the national and provincial levels, focal persons who were working in all public and private hospitals, laboratories, and medical centers as well. Completeness and timeliness of reported data were compared before and after the implementation of DHIS-2. The unveiled challenges and the main lessons learnt during the roll-out process were discussed.ResultsFor laboratory-based surveillance, completeness of reporting increased from 70.8% in May to 89.6% in October. Timeliness has improved from 25% to 74%. For medical centers, an improvement of 8.1% for completeness and 9.4% in timeliness was recorded before and after training sessions. For zero reporting, completeness remains the same (88%) and timeliness has improved from 74% to 87%. The main challenges faced during the implementation of DHIS-2 were mainly infrastructural and system-related in addition to poor internet connectivity and limited workforce and frequent changes to DHIS-2 versions.ConclusionImplementation of DHIS-2 improved timeliness and completeness for aggregated data reporting. Continued on-site support, monitoring, and system enhancement are needed to improve the performance of DHIS-2.

scholarly journals Advancing GHSA: Lessons learned about strengthening HIS and disease surveillance

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia D. MacDonald ◽  
Niamh Darcy ◽  
Rita Sembajwe ◽  
Eileen Reynolds ◽  
Henry Chidawanyika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Surveillance And Response ◽  
Roll Out

ObjectiveThe objective is to discuss two decades of international experiencein health information and disease surveillance systems strengtheningand synthesize lessons learned as applicable to implementation of theGlobal Health Security Agenda (GHSA).IntroductionRTI International has worked on enhancing health informationand disease surveillance systems in many countries, includingThe Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Guinea, Indonesia,Kenya, Nepal, Philippines, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.Strengthening these systems is critical for all three of the Prevent,Detect and Respond domains within the Global Health SecurityAgenda.We have deep experience in this area, ranging from implementingDistrict Health Information Software (DHIS), electronic medicalrecords, health facility registries, eHealth national strategies,electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response system(eIDSR), mobile real-time malaria surveillance and response, nationalweekly disease surveillance, patient referral system, and communitybased surveillance. These experiences and lessons learned can informwork being done to advance the GHSA.We will discuss several examples, including activities in Zimbabweand Tanzania. RTI has been working in Zimbabwe for over six yearsto strengthen the national health information system. This workhas included the configuration and roll-out of DHIS 2, the nationalelectronic health information system. In doing so, RTI examinedand revitalized the weekly disease surveillance system, improvingdisease reporting timeliness and completeness from 40% to 90%.Additionally, RTI has integrated mobile technology to help morerapidly communicate laboratory test results, a laboratory informationmanagement systems to manage and guide test sample processing,and various other patient level systems in support of health servicedelivery at the local level. This work has involved capacity buildingwithin the ministry of health to allow for sustainable support of healthinformation systems practices and technology and improvements todata dissemination and use practices.Similarly, RTI has worked for more than five years to helpstrengthening the National HIS in Tanzania. These activities haveincluded stakeholder coordination, developing national eHealthstrategy and enterprise architecture, harmonizing indicators,redesigning routine reporting instruments, national DHIS 2 roll-out,information technology infrastructure management and user helpdesk support, reducing the number of parallel information systems,data dissemination and use, development of district health profiles,development of the national health facility registry, and supportingroll-out of the electronic integrated disease surveillance system.MethodsWe will profile selected projects and synthesize critical lessonslearned that pertain to implementation of the GHSA in resourceconstrained countries.ResultsWe will summarize our experience and lessons learned withhealth information and disease surveillance systems strengthening.Topics such as those that relate to advancing the GHSA RealTime Surveillance and Reporting Action Package areas will bediscussed, including: indicator and event based surveillance systems;interoperable, interconnected, electronic real-time reporting system;analysis of surveillance data; syndromic surveillance systems;systems for efficient reporting to WHO, FAO and OIE; and reportingnetwork and protocols in country.ConclusionsOur experience working over the past 14 years in 9 countrieson different HIS and disease surveillance system strengtheningprojects has led to a deep understanding of the challenges aroundimplementation of these systems in limited resource settings. Theseexperiences and lessons learned can inform initiatives and programsto advance the GHSA.

scholarly journals Nurses' Attitudes Toward the Use of an Electronic Health Information System in a Developing Country

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237796081984371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Salameh ◽  
Linda L. Eddy ◽  
Ahmad Batran ◽  
Asma Hijaz ◽  
Shorook Jaser
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Documentation System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Electronic Health Information

The electronic-based documentation system is considered a major transformation in health care in many hospitals worldwide. Successful implementation of the system makes nurses' jobs easier, saves time, and improves the quality of care that is delivered to patients. However, little is known about the adoption of electronic health information systems in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to understand and evaluate nurses' acceptance and attitudes about implementation of an electronic health information system in Palestinian hospitals. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 191 nurses in three governmental hospitals in Palestine. A majority of these nurses understood the need for and accepted the computer-based documentation as demonstrated by their scores on the attitude questionnaire. Inclusion of nurses in early phases of planning and implementation is important. Other developing countries can learn from the Palestinian experience with implementation of electronic health records.

scholarly journals Utilisation of district health information system and its associated factors among health professionals working at public health facilities of the southwest of Ethiopia: cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e046578
Author(s):  
Shuma Gosha Kanfe ◽  
Gebiso Roba Debele ◽  
Robera Demissie Berhanu ◽  
Habtamu Setegn Ngusie ◽  
Mohammedjud Hassen Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Health Information Systems ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Motivation

ObjectivesTo assess utilisation of district health information system and its associated factors among health professionals in the southwest of Ethiopia, 2020.SettingPublic health facilities in the southwest of Ethiopia.ParticipantsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 260 participants.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome measure was utilisation of the district health information system.ResultsOverall, 149 (57.3%) of study participants had good utilisation of district health information systems (95% CI 50 to 64.2). Sufficient skills (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 3.83, 95% CI 1.92 to 7.64), being trained (AOR 3.90, 95% CI 1.95 to 7.79), high motivation (AOR 3.93, 95% CI 1.99 to 7.76), feedback provided (AOR 2.93, 95% CI 1.53 to 5.77) and regular supervision (AOR 3.06, 95% CI 1.56 to 6.01) were associated with utilisation of district health information systems.ConclusionsIn general, more than half of the respondents had good utilisation of district health information systems. Providing regular supportive supervision and feedback, having good skills on district health information system use, high motivation and being trained on district health information system will help to bring good utilisation of district health information system for decision making.

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