scholarly journals Does COVID-19 infection change the need for future surgical interventions? An exploratory analysis.

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1167
Author(s):  
Blayne Welk ◽  
Lucie Richard
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Tract ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

Background: It is unknown whether recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection leads to an increased need for common surgical procedures. Our objective was to conduct an exploratory analysis of surgical procedures performed after a documented COVID-19 infection.  Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using routinely collected data from the province of Ontario, Canada. We identified individuals with a positive COVID-19 test between February 1 2020 and May 31 2020, and matched them 1:2 with individuals who had a negative COVID-19 test during the same period. We used physician billing codes to identify the ten most frequent surgical procedures in the COVID-19 cohort. An at-risk period 30 days after the first positive COVID-19 swab (or matched index date in the control group) until November 30 2020 was used. Cox proportional hazard models (adjusted for important baseline differences) are reported with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals.   Results: After exclusions and matching, we had 19,143 people in the COVID-19 cohort, and 38,286 people in the control cohort. The top ten surgical procedures were hand/wrist fracture fixation, cesarean-section, ureteral stent placement, cholecystectomy, treatment of an upper tract urinary stone, hysterectomy, femur fracture repair, hip replacement, transurethral prostatectomy, and appendectomy. There was a significantly reduced hazard of requiring upper tract renal stone surgery (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29-0.87) or ureteral stent placement (aHR 0.54, 95%CI 0.36-0.82), or undergoing a cholecystectomy (aHR 0.43, 95%CI 0.26-0.71) among those with a prior positive COVID-19 test.   Conclusions: After a COVID-19 infection there is not an increased risk of needing several common surgical procedures. There appears to be a reduced risk of renal stone disease treatment and ureteral stent placement, and a reduced risk of cholecystectomy, however understanding the reasons for this will require further study.

scholarly journals Role of Alfuzosin in Ureteral Stent Related Urinary Symptoms Score: A Comparative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Santosh Shrestha ◽  
DB Adhikari ◽  
A Gurung ◽  
S Pradhan ◽  
NV Gurung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Flank Pain ◽  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
Urinary Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stent Insertion ◽  
Alpha Blockers

Background: Ureteral stent placement is a routine urological procedure. However, patients inserted with ureteral stent exhibited increased urinary symptoms that compromise patients’ quality of life.Objective: To assess the efficacy of alpha blockers (Alfuzosin) in the management of ureteral stent related urinary symptoms.Methods: Total of 60 patients after ureteral stent insertion was randomly divided into two equal groups; 30 in alfuzosin group and the remaining 30 in control group. Urinary symptoms questionnaire was filled after two weeks and results were statistically analyzed.Results: Urinary symptoms like urgency, frequency and flank pain were significantly less in the alfuzosin group when compared with control group.Conclusion: Alpha blocker (Alfuzosin) was found to be effective in reducing ureteral stent related urinary symptoms.Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVol. 10, No. 1, 2017, page: 28-30

scholarly journals Ureteral stent placement and immediate graft function are associated with increased risk of BK viremia in the first year after kidney transplantation

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph G. Maliakkal ◽  
Daniel C. Brennan ◽  
Charles Goss ◽  
Timothy A. Horwedel ◽  
Howard Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
First Year ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Efficacy of Tamsulosin in relieving double-J stent-related symptoms: a randomized controlled study

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
DK Thakur ◽  
S Chapagain ◽  
BR Luitel ◽  
PR Chalise ◽  
UK Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stent Removal ◽  
Double J Stent ◽  
Dj Stent ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Ureteral stent placement is an increasingly common procedure in urological practice.They are used for both prevention and treatment of ureteral obstruction. Despite improved design and materials, many patients still develop stent-related symptoms which commonly affect quality of life and sometimes necessitate early removal. Tamsulosin improves stent-related symptoms and quality of life, and can be applied in routine clinical practice. In the present study, the effect of Tamsulosin in improving double-J stent-related symptoms and quality of life following ureteral stent placement was studied.Methods: This RCT was carried out in the Department of Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from February 2015 to January 2016. Forty six patients were included in the study and randomized into Tamsulosin(T) group and Control(C) group each having 23 patients. In addition to standard postoperative care, Tamsulosin group received 0.4mg Tamsulosin daily and Paraceramol on demand and control group received only Paracetamol. Stent related symptoms and quality of life was assessed by IPSS at discharge (day2) and at the time of DJ stent removal (2 weeks). Pain was evaluated by VAS and analgesic requirement was documented. Data were analysed using SPSS 20, chi-square test and Student’s t- test was used. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.Results: Mean age in Tamsulosin group was 37.96±12.98 and Control group 36.43± 10.99(p=0.67).There was no significant difference in IPSS(p=0.141), QoL index (p=0.089) and VAS (p=0.59) in the two groups at the time of discharge.At the time of DJ stent removal, IPSS (p<0.001), QoL index (p<0.001), VAS (p=0.004) and analgesic needed (p<0.001) was significantly lower in T group than in C group.Conclusion: Tamsulosin lowers stent related symptoms, pain and improves quality of life in patients with indwelling DJ stent though the effect is not immediate.

scholarly journals Effects of smoking on the urine excretion of oral51Cr EDTA in ulcerative colitis

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 656-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Benoni ◽  
H Prytz
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Urine Excretion ◽  
Limited Disease ◽  
Disease Extent ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reduced Risk

Background—Smokers have a reduced risk and ex-smokers an increased risk of ulcerative colitis (UC). Stopping smoking often precedes onset and relapses. Smoking reduces the 24 hour urine excretion of oral chromium-51 labelled EDTA in healthy individuals.Aims—To estimate the effects of smoking on the urine excretion of oral 51Cr EDTA in well characterised patients with UC.Subjects—Sixteen smoking and 16 non-smoking patients with UC in remission were studied. The non-smokers had never smoked. Most were taking 5-aminosalicylic acid. No patient took steroids or immunosuppressants. The control group comprised 25 smoking healthy volunteers and 25 who had never smoked. The median cigarette consumption was equal in the patients and volunteers.Methods—The 24 hour urine excretion of oral51Cr EDTA was measured and the results were correlated with smoking habits, number of cigarettes, and disease extent.Results—Patients with UC had significantly higher 24 hour urine recoveries than healthy controls (p=0.04). This difference was more pronounced when patients who smoked were compared with healthy smokers (p=0.005) No significant differences were found when comparing non-smoking patients with non-smoking controls or when comparing smoking and non-smoking patients. Urine recoveries did not correlate with number of cigarettes or disease extent. Smoking was more prevalent in patients with a more limited disease extent (p=0.033).Conclusions—Effects of smoking on the urine excretion of 51Cr EDTA in health were abolished by the presence of UC. The protective effects of smoking in established UC are not due to a moderating effect of smoking on intestinal permeability.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Tamsulosin in Relieving Double-J Stentrelated Symptoms: a Randomized Controlled Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Deepak K Thakur ◽  
Suman Chapagain ◽  
Bhojraj Luitel ◽  
Pawan Raj Chalise ◽  
Uttam Kumar Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stent Placement ◽  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stent Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dj Stent ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Ureteral stent placement is an increasingly common procedure in urological practice. They are used for both prevention and treatment of ureteral obstruction. Despite improved design and materials, many patients still develop stent-related symptoms which commonly affect quality of life and sometimes necessitate early removal. Tamsulosin improves stent-related symptoms and quality of life. But such study has not been conducted in Nepalese context. In the present study, the effect of Tamsulosin in improving double-J stent-related symptoms and quality of life following ureteral stent placement was studied. Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Urology and Kidney Transplant Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from February 2015 to January 2016. Forty six patients were included in the study and randomized into Tamsulosin (T) group and Control (C) group each having 23 patients. In addition to standard postoperative care, Tamsulosin group received 0.4 mg Tamsulosin daily for 2 weeks and Paracetamol on demand and control group received only Paracetamol (1gram/dose). Stent related symptoms and quality of life was assessed by International prostate symptom score (IPSS) at discharge (day2) and at the time of DJ stent removal (2 weeks). Pain was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and analgesic requirement was documented. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20, chisquare test and Student’s t- test was used. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age in Tamsulosin group was 37.96±12.98 years and Control group 36.43± 10.99 years (p=0.67).There was no significant difference in IPSS (p=0.141), QoL index (p=0.089) and VAS (p=0.59) in the two groups at the time of discharge. At the time of DJ stent removal, IPSS (p<0.001), QoL index(p<0.001), VAS(p=0.004) and analgesic needed(p<0.001) was significantly lower in T group than in C group. Conclusion: Tamsulosin lowers stent related symptoms, pain and improves quality of life in patients with indwelling DJ stent though the effect is not immediate.  

784Percutaneous nephrostomy versus ureteral stent placement for urgent upper tract decompression-our experience

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
P. Sountoulides ◽  
T. Podimatas ◽  
N. Rigalos ◽  
I. Zachos ◽  
S. Gavis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stent Placement ◽  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
Upper Tract

TLR1 and PRKAA1 Gene Polymorphisms in the Development of Atrophic Gastritis and Gastric Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintare Dargiene ◽  
Greta Streleckiene ◽  
Jurgita Skieceviciene ◽  
Marcis Leja ◽  
Alexander Link ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Infection Susceptibility ◽  
H Pylori

Background & Aims: Previous genome-wide association studies showed that genetic polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and protein kinase AMP-activated alpha 1 catalytic subunit (PRKAA1) genes were associated with gastric cancer (GC) or increased Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection susceptibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between TLR1 and PRKAA1 genes polymorphisms and H.pylori infection, atrophic gastritis (AG) or GC in the European population.Methods: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analysed in 511 controls, 340 AG patients and 327 GC patients. TLR1 C>T (rs4833095) and PRKAA1 C>T (rs13361707) were genotyped by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. H. pylori status was determined by testing for anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies in the serum.Results: The study included 697 (59.2%) H. pylori positive and 481 (40.8%) H. pylori negative cases. We observed similar distribution of TLR1 and PRKAA1 alleles and genotypes in H. pylori positive and negative cases. TLR1 and PRKAA1 SNPs were not linked with the risk of AG. TC genotype of TLR1 gene was more prevalent in GC patients compared to the control group (29.7% and 22.3% respectively, p=0.002). Carriers of TC genotype had a higher risk of GC (aOR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.26–2.83, p=0.002). A similar association was observed in a dominant inheritance model for TLR1 gene SNP, where comparison of CC+TC vs. TT genotypes showed an increased risk of GC (aOR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.26–2.75, p=0.002). No association between genetic polymorphism in PRKAA1 gene and GC was observed.Conclusions: TLR1 rs4833095 SNP was associated with an increased risk of GC in a European population, while PRKAA1 rs13361707 genetic variant was not linked with GC. Both genetic polymorphisms were not associated with H. pylori infection susceptibility or the risk of AG.

Pathological features of the sequence in pregnant women with delayed fetal growth

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
V.O. Golyanovskiy ◽  
◽  
Ye.O. Didyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Infection And Inflammation

Pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have an increased risk of adverse perinatal and long-term complications compared with the birth of children with normal body weight. Thus, IUGR is one of the main challenges for the global health system, especially in poor and developing countries. Morpho-functional studies of the placentas help in determining the causes of IUGR, and therefore, timely prevent complications in pregnant women with IUGR. The objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate various morphometric and pathomorphological changes in the placenta, including inflammatory, in cases of IUGR, and to establish a correlation of these results with the etiology and complications for the fetus. Materials and methods. In the current study, 54 placentas of the fetuses with IUGR (the main group) were compared with 50 placentas of the fetuses with normal development (control group). The criteria for the inclusion of IUGR were gestational age more than 30 weeks and all fetuses with a weight less than 10th percentile for this period of pregnancy. The placenta material was studied pathomorphologically with laboratory screening for infection and inflammation. Similarly, the results were determined for placentas of the fetuses with normal development compared to placentas with IUGR. Results. The placenta study showed the presence of calcification in the case of IUGR, as well as in the case of prolonged pregnancy. However, calcification of the placenta in the case of IUGR was more progressive compared with placenta in the normal pregnancy. In addition, the presence of intrauterine infection and inflammation was observed, which could also lead to an adverse outcome for the further progression of pregnancy with IUGR. Conclusion. A comparative macro- and microscopic pathomorphological study of the placentas in the two groups has shown a significant increase in the pathological changes in all the anatomical structures of the fetuses with IUGR. Key words: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal weight, pathomorphological changes of the placenta.

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