scholarly journals Case Report: Anorexia as a new type of adverse reaction caused by the COVID-19 vaccination: a case report applying detailed personal care records

F1000Research ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Soichi Osozawa
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
New Type

Background: In Japan, more than 1,000 participants died shortly after receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, but the causal relation between the injection and death remains uncertain. Methods: Applying long-term personal vital care data for 28 months for an elderly patient, I investigated and evidenced adverse reactions after the first dose of the COVID-19 Pfizer vaccination. Results: The precise, detailed, and continuous data statistically clarified the long-term fevers associated with no meals or drinks. Interrupted time series analysis showed significant and fluctuating increases of body temperatures, pressures, and pulses, although solely long-term plots showed an abrupt and timely increase in these vital data after the vaccine. Conclusions: Anorexia was fatal, and newly reported in the present care records since the patient received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine.

scholarly journals Long-term efficacy of oral alendronate therapy in an elderly patient with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia: A case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1239-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUI-DONG LI ◽  
AKIRA OGOSE ◽  
TETSUO HOTTA ◽  
HIROYUKI KAWASHIMA ◽  
TAKASHI ARIIZUMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Term Efficacy

scholarly journals Long-Term Control of Endemic Hospital-Wide Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA): The Impact of Targeted Active Surveillance for MRSA in Patients and Healthcare Workers

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 786-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Jesús Rodríguez-Baño ◽  
Lola García ◽  
Encarnación Ramírez ◽  
Carmen Lupión ◽  
Miguel A. Muniain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Clinical Epidemiology ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Epidemiology Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mrsa Colonization

Objective.To evaluate the long-term impact of successive interventions on rates of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) colonization or infection and MRSA bacteremia in an endemic hospital-wide situation.Design.Quasi-experimental, interrupted time-series analysis. The impact of the interventions was analyzed by use of segmented regression. Representative MRSA isolates were typed by use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.Setting.A 950-bed teaching hospital in Seville, Spain.Patients.All patients admitted to the hospital during the period from 1995 through 2008.Methods.Three successive interventions were studied: (1) contact precautions, with no active surveillance for MRSA; (2) targeted active surveillance for MRSA in patients and healthcare workers in specific wards, prioritized according to clinical epidemiology data; and (3) targeted active surveillance for MRSA in patients admitted from other medical centers.Results.Neither the preintervention rate of MRSA colonization or infection (0.56 cases per 1,000 patient-days [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.49-0.62 cases per 1,000 patient-days]) nor the slope for the rate of MRSA colonization or infection changed significantly after the first intervention. The rate decreased significantly to 0.28 cases per 1,000 patient-days (95% CI, 0.17-0.40 cases per 1,000 patient-days) after the second intervention and to 0.07 cases per 1,000 patient-days (95% CI, 0.06-0.08 cases per 1,000 patient-days) after the third intervention, and the rate remained at a similar level for 8 years. The MRSA bacteremia rate decreased by 80%, whereas the rate of bacteremia due to methicillin-susceptibleS. aureusdid not change. Eighty-three percent of the MRSA isolates identified were clonally related. All MRSA isolates obtained from healthcare workers were clonally related to those recovered from patients who were in their care.Conclusion.Our data indicate that long-term control of endemic MRSA is feasible in tertiary care centers. The use of targeted active surveillance for MRSA in patients and healthcare workers in specific wards (identified by means of analysis of clinical epidemiology data) and the use of decolonization were key to the success of the program.

scholarly journals Impact of the Expert Consensus on Carbapenem Consumption Trends and Patterns in Public Healthcare Institutes: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis, 2017–2020

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Ye ◽  
Caijun Yang ◽  
Wenjing Ji ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Jingyi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Expert Consensus ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Series Analysis

Background: Carbapenems are considered the last line of defence against bacterial infections, but their high consumption and the resulting antibacterial resistance are an increasing global concern. In this context, the Chinese health authority issued an expert consensus on the clinical applications of carbapenems. However, the long- and short-term effects of the expert consensus on carbapenem use are not clear.Methods: This study was conducted in Shaanxi, a northwest province of China. We collected all available carbapenem procurement data between January 2017 and December 2020 from the Provincial Drug Centralized Bidding Procurement System. A quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate the longitudinal effectiveness of expert consensus by measuring the change in the Defined Daily Dosesper 1,000 inhabitants per day (DID), the percentage of carbapenem expenditures to total antimicrobial expenditure, the total carbapenem expenditure, and the defined daily cost (DDDc). We used Stata SE version 15.0 for data analysis, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: After the distribution of the expert consensus, the level (p = 0.769) and trend (p = 0.184) of DID decreased, but the differences were not statistically significant. The percentage of carbapenem expenditures to total antimicrobial expenditure decreased abruptly (p < 0.001) after the intervention, but the long-term trend was still upward. There was no statistically significant relationship between the release of the expert consensus and carbapenem expenditure in the long term, but there was a decreasing trend (p = 0.032). However, the expert consensus had a positive impact on the economic burden of carbapenem usage in patients, as the level (p < 0.001), and trend (p = 0.003) of DDDc significantly decreased.Conclusion: The long-term effects of the distribution of the expert consensus on the use and expenditure of carbapenems in public health institutions in Shaanxi Province were not optimal. It is time to set up more administrative measures and scientific supervision to establish a specific index to limit the application of carbapenems.

scholarly journals Immediate and lasting impact of combining restrictive and enabling interventions to reduce aztreonam consumption in a community hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dviti Mody ◽  
Christopher Burke ◽  
Quentin Minson
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Adult Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Long Term Impact

Abstract Background. Antimicrobial stewardship initiatives combining restrictive and enabling components may be an effective strategy to achieve short- and long-term objectives. Aztreonam, a relatively high-cost antipseudomonal antibiotic, is an appropriate target for stewardship initiatives based on propensity for overuse in penicillin allergy, an activity profile often warranting additional empiric gram-negative and gram-positive coverage, and a unique durability to Ambler class B metallo-beta-lactamases.Objective. Analyze the immediate and long-term impact on aztreonam prescribing of combining restrictive and enabling interventions.Setting. Single 233-bed community hospital with 45 adult intensive care unit beds in Nashville, Tennessee.Method. Retrospective, interrupted time series analysis comparing all patients receiving aztreonam prior to intervention between January 1, 2010 and September 30, 2011 and following intervention between October 1, 2011 and September 30, 2019. Quarterly defined daily doses/1000 adjusted patient days and microbiology laboratory annual surveillance data were utilized for analysis. Main outcome measure. Post-intervention change in trend of aztreonam consumption. Results. Following intervention, a significant decline in aztreonam consumption was observed (-1.97 defined daily doses/1000 adjusted patient days; p = 0.003) resulting in a sustained decrease in aztreonam consumption from 2011 (3rd quarter) to 2019 (3rd quarter) from 15.2 to 0.26 defined daily doses/1000 adjusted patient days. Short-term group 2 carbapenem consumption increased (p = 0.044). Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility to aztreonam improved from 2011 to 2018 (72% vs. 84%; p = 0.0004) without deleterious effects to alternative antipseudomonal beta-lactams. Conclusion. Combining restrictive and enabling interventions had immediate and sustained impact on aztreonam consumption with Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility improvement.Impacts on practice: ● A pharmacist-driven intervention combining restrictive and enabling strategies produced an immediate and sustained decrease in aztreonam prescribing at a community hospital.● Following the sustained reduction of aztreonam consumption, susceptibility rates for Pseudomonas aeruginosa improved without producing deleterious effects on alternative antipseudomonal beta-lactams.

scholarly journals Impact of Critical Illness Insurance on the Burden of High-Cost Rural Residents in Central China: An Interrupted Time Series Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Li ◽  
Junnan Jiang ◽  
Li Xiang ◽  
Xuefeng Wang ◽  
Li Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Critical Illness ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Central China ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Impact

Critical illness insurance (CII) in China was introduced to protect high-cost groups from health expenditure shocks for the purpose of mutual aid. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of CII on the burden of high-cost groups in central rural China. Data were extracted from the basic medical insurance (BMI) hospitalization database of Xiantao City from January 2010 to December 2016. A total of 77,757 hospitalization records were included in our analysis. The out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses and reimbursement ratio (RR) were the two main outcome variables. Interrupted time series analysis with a segmented regression approach was adopted. Level and slope changes were reported to reflect short- and long-term effects, respectively. Results indicated that the number of high-cost inpatient visits, the average monthly hospitalization expenses, and OOP expenses per high-cost inpatient visit were increased after CII introduction. By contrast, the RR from BMI and non-reimbursable expenses ratio were decreased. The OOP expenses and RR covered by CII were higher than those uncovered. We estimated a significant level decrease in OOP expenses (p < 0.01) and rise in RR (p < 0.01), whereas the slope decreases of OOP expenses (p = 0.19) and rise of RR (p = 0.11) after the CII were non-significant. We concluded that the short-term effect of the CII policy is significant and contributes to decreasing OOP expenses and raising RR for high-cost groups, whereas the long-term effect is non-significant. These findings can be explained by increasing hospitalization expenses, many non-reimbursable expenses, low coverage for high-cost groups, and the unsustainability of the financing methods.

Rupture of pectoralis major muscle in an elderly patient receiving long-term hemodialysis: case report and literature review

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (04) ◽  
pp. 451-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-C. Ho ◽  
C.-K. Chiang ◽  
J.-W. Huang ◽  
K.-Y. Hung ◽  
K.-D. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Pectoralis Major Muscle ◽  
Pectoralis Major
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