In vivo, in vitro antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of methanol extract of Pineapple peels in Wistar Rats

Three lactic acid bacterial strains,Lactobacillus plantarum, HK006, and HK109, andPediococcus pentosaceusPP31 exhibit probiotic potential as antiallergy agents, both in vitro and in vivo. However, the safety of these new strains requires evaluation when isolated from infant faeces or pickled cabbage. Multiple strains (HK006, HK109, and PP31) were subject to a bacterial reverse mutation assay and a short-term oral toxicity study. The powder product exhibited mutagenic potential inSalmonellaTyphimurium strains TA98 and TA1535 (with or without metabolic activation). In the short-term oral toxicity study, rats received a normal dosage of 390 mg/kg/d (approximately9×109 CFU/kg/d) or a high dosage of 1950 mg/kg/d (approximately4.5×1010 CFU/kg/d) for 28 d. No adverse effects were observed regarding the general condition, behaviour, growth, feed and water consumption, haematology, clinical chemistry indices, organ weights, or histopathologic analysis of the rats. These studies have demonstrated that the consumption of multiple bacterial strains is not associated with any signs of mutagenicity ofS.Typhimurium or toxicity in Wistar rats, even after consuming large quantities of bacteria.

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In Vitro and In Silico Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic, Anti-HIV and Anti-Alzheimer Activity of Endophytic Fungi, Cladosporium uredinicola Phytochemicals

International Journal of Pharmacology Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.13.13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 13-34

Author(s):

Melappa Govindappa ◽

V. Thanuja ◽

S. Tejashree ◽

C.A. Soukhya ◽

Suresh Barge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Method ◽

Cholinesterase Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

High Binding Energy ◽

Acetyl Cholinesterase ◽

Gp 120 ◽

Anti Hiv ◽

Hiv 1

The present work was aimed to identify phytochemicals in C. uredinicola methanol extract from qualitative, TLC and GC-MS method and evaluated for antioxidant, anti-HIV, anti-diabetes, anti-cholinesterase activity in vitro and in silico. The C. uredinicola extract showed flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, terpenoids, and coumarins presence in qualitative method. From GC-MS analysis, identified seven different phytochemicals and out of seven, four (coumarin, coumarilic acid, hymecromone, alloisoimperatorin) are coumarins. The C. uredinicola extract have shown significant antioxidant activity in DPPH (73) and FRAP (1359) method. The HIV-1 RT (83.81+2.14), gp 120 (80.24+2.31), integrase (79.43+3.14) and protease (77.63+2.14), DPPIV, β-glucosidase and acetyl cholinesterase activity was significantly reduced by the extract. The 2-diphenylmethyleneamino methyl ester had shown significant interaction with oxidant and HIV-1 proteins whereas alloisoimperatorin have interacted with diabetes and cholinesterase proteins followed by hymecromone with high binding energy. These three phytochemicals are non-carcinogens, non-toxic, readily degradable and have drug likeliness properties. The C. uredinicola phytochemicals are responsible for management of diabetes, HIV-1 and Alzheimer. Further in vivo work is needed to justify our research.

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In-vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in Swiss albino mice and in-vitro thrombolytic activity of methanol extract of ten days mature whole plant of Triticum aestivum

Discovery Phytomedicine ◽

10.15562/phytomedicine.2018.68 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Md. Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Thrombolytic Activity ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Albino Mice ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Upregulation of PKR pathway mediates glucolipotoxicity induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in vivo in wistar rats and in vitro in cultured cardiomyocytes

Biochemical Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113948 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 177 ◽

pp. 113948

Author(s):

Sureshbabu Mangali ◽

Audesh Bhat ◽

Kirtikumar Jadhav ◽

Jaspreet Kalra ◽

Dharmarajan Sriram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Cultured Cardiomyocytes

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Delving into the Antiurolithiatic Potential of Tribulus terrestris Extract Through –In Vivo Efficacy and Preclinical Safety Investigations in Wistar Rats

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-52398-w ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jyoti Kaushik ◽

Simran Tandon ◽

Rishi Bhardwaj ◽

Tanzeer Kaur ◽

Surinder Kumar Singla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Kidney Stones ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Tribulus Terrestris ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Preclinical Safety

Abstract Modern treatment interventions for kidney stones are wrought with side-effects, hence the need for alternative therapies such as plant-based medicines. We have previously documented through in vitro studies that statistically optimized aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae family) possesses antiurolithic and antioxidant potential. This provides strong scientific foundation to conduct in vivo efficacy and preclinical safety studies to corroborate and lend further proof to its ability to prevent and cure kidney stones. The preventive and curative urolithiatic efficacy in experimentally induced nephrolithiatic Wistar rats, along with preclinical toxicity was evaluated following oral administration of statistically optimized aqueous extract of T. terrestris. Treatment showed augmented renal function, restoration of normal renal architecture and increase in body weight. Microscopic analysis of urine revealed excretion of small sized urinary crystals, demonstrating that treatment potentially modulated the morphology of renal stones. Tissue enzymatic estimation affirmed the antioxidant efficacy of treatment with reduced free radical generation. Significant upregulation of p38MAPK at both the gene and protein level was noted in hyperoxaluric group and interestingly treatment reversed it. Acute oral toxicity study established the Median Lethal Dose (LD50) to be greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) by repeated oral toxicity for 28 days at 750 mg/kg b.wt. was noted. This study lends scientific evidence to the safe, preventive and curative potential of statistically optimized aqueous extract of T. terrestris at a dose of 750 mg/kg b.wt. and suggests that the extract shows promise as a therapeutic antiurolithic agent.

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Prophylactic and Therapeutic Treatments' Effect of Moringa Oleifera Methanol Extract on Cryptosporidium Infection in Immunosuppressed Mice

Anti-Infective Agents ◽

10.2174/2211352517666181221094420 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 130-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nagwa M. El-Sayed ◽

Ghada M. Fathy

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Prophylactic Treatment ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Villous Atrophy ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽

Ifn Γ

<P>Background: As natural herbs and medicinal plants extracts are widely used as alternative treatments for different parasitic diseases, some have been tested on Cryptosporidium either in vitro or in vivo. This study assessed the prophylactic and therapeutic treatments' effect of Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves methanol extract on immunosuppressed-Cryptosporidium infected mice. Methods: The evaluation was carried out by Cryptosporidium oocysts count in fecal samples, histopathological changes in the intestinal tissues, determination of IFN-γ level in mice sera and measuring the antioxidant activity in the intestinal tissues. Results: Prophylactic treatment by M. oleifera extract lowered Cryptosporidium oocysts shedding from immunosuppressed-infected mice although there was no complete elimination of the parasite. However, therapeutic treatment induced a significant reduction in Cryptosporidium oocysts counts by 91.8% higher than that of the drug control (nitazoxanide) group (77.2%). Histopathologically, the intestinal tissues from immunosuppressed-Cryptosporidium infected mice showed loss of brush border with severe villous atrophy and extensive necrosis. M. oleifera prophylactic treatment induced a moderate improvement of the pathological changes. However, the villi in M. oleifera therapeutic treated mice retained their normal appearance with minimal inflammatory cells. It was observed that M. oleifera extract induced a significant upregulation of IFN-γ in both prophylactic and therapeutic treated groups compared to that of the infected untreated group. In addition, M. oleifera leaves extract exhibited a significant antioxidant activity by reducing the levels of Nitric Oxide (NO) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) level in the intestinal tissues compared to those of the infected and drug controls. Conclusion: M. oleifera leaves extract has potent prophylactic and therapeutic activities against infection with Cryptosporidium.</P>

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Amazon rainforest rodents (Proechimys) are resistant to post-stroke epilepsy

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-96235-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nancy N. Ortiz-Villatoro ◽

Selvin Z. Reyes-Garcia ◽

Leandro Freitas ◽

Laís D. Rodrigues ◽

Luiz E. C. Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Post Injury ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Brain Responses ◽

Conventional Animal ◽

Acquired Epilepsy ◽

Brain Insults

AbstractThere are no clinical interventions to prevent post-injury epilepsy, a common and devastating outcome after brain insults. Epileptogenic events that run from brain injury to epilepsy are poorly understood. Previous studies in our laboratory suggested Proechimys, an exotic Amazonian rodent, as resistant to acquired epilepsy development in post-status epilepticus models. The present comparative study was conducted to assess (1) stroke-related brain responses 24-h and 30 days after cortical photothrombosis and (2) post-stroke epilepsy between Proechimys rodents and Wistar rats, a traditional animal used for laboratory research. Proechimys group showed smaller volume of ischemic infarction and lesser glial activation than Wistar group. In contrast to Wistar rats, post-stroke decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased levels of anti-inflammatory mediators and growth factors were found in Proechimys. Electrophysiological signaling changes assessed by cortical spreading depression, in vitro and in vivo, showed that Wistar’s brain is most severely affected by stroke. Chronic electrocorticographic recordings showed that injury did not lead to epilepsy in Proechimys whereas 88% of the Wistar rats developed post-stroke epilepsy. Science gains insights from comparative studies on diverse species. Proechimys rodents proved to be a useful animal model to study antiepileptogenic mechanisms after brain insults and complement conventional animal models.

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