scholarly journals A Normative Review on Non-Invasive Prenatal Diagnosis (NIPD): Focusing on the German Discussion on PrenaTest®

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Na-Kyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Development of a Specific Monoclonal Antibody to Detect Male Cells Expressing the RPS4Y1 Protein

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
Silvia Spena ◽  
Chiara Cordiglieri ◽  
Isabella Garagiola ◽  
Flora Peyvandi
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Inherited Disease ◽  
Specific Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Native Form ◽  
Fetal Cells ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Reliable Isolation

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive bleeding disorder. In pregnant women carrier of hemophilia, the fetal sex can be determined by non-invasive analysis of fetal DNA circulating in the maternal blood. However, in case of a male fetus, conventional invasive procedures are required for the diagnosis of hemophilia. Fetal cells, circulating in the maternal bloodstream, are an ideal target for a safe non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. Nevertheless, the small number of cells and the lack of specific fetal markers have been the most limiting factors for their isolation. We aimed to develop monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the ribosomal protein RPS4Y1 expressed in male cells. By Western blotting, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence analyses performed on cell lysates from male human hepatoma (HepG2) and female human embryonic kidney (HEK293) we developed and characterized a specific monoclonal antibody against the native form of the male RPS4Y1 protein that can distinguish male from female cells. The availability of the RPS4Y1-targeting monoclonal antibody should facilitate the development of novel methods for the reliable isolation of male fetal cells from the maternal blood and their future use for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of X-linked inherited disease such as hemophilia.

Non-invasive approach to prenatal diagnosis from maternal peripheral blood

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-M. D. Lo ◽  
J. S. Wainscoat ◽  
K. A. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Maternal Peripheral Blood

scholarly journals Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies by relative haplotype dosage

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Parks ◽  
Samantha Court ◽  
Siobhan Cleary ◽  
Samuel Clokie ◽  
Julie Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Muscular Dystrophies ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Follow-up in Patients With Non-invasive Prenatal Screening Failures: A Reflection on the Choice of Further Prenatal Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Liu ◽  
Hongqian Liu ◽  
Jianlong Liu ◽  
Ting Bai ◽  
Xiaosha Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis ◽  
Non Invasive

BackgroundOur aim was to provide a theoretical basis for clinicians to conduct genetic counseling and choose further prenatal diagnosis methods for pregnant women who failed non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS).MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on pregnant women who had failed NIPS tests.ResultsAmong the 123,291 samples, 394 pregnant women did not obtain valid results due to test failures. A total of 378 pregnant women were available for follow-up, while 16 patients were lost to follow-up. Of these 378, 135 pregnant women chose further prenatal diagnosis through amniocentesis, and one case of dysplasia was recalled for postpartum chromosome testing. The incidence rate of congenital chromosomal abnormalities in those who failed the NIPS was 3.97% (15/378), which was higher than that of the chromosomal abnormalities in the common population (1.8%). Among the pregnant women who received prenatal diagnosis, the positive rates of chromosomal abnormalities in the chromosomal microarray analysis/copy number variation sequencing (CMA/CNV-seq) group and in the karyotyping group were 15.28 and 4.76%, respectively.ConclusionPrenatal diagnosis should be strongly recommended in posttest genetic counseling for pregnant women with NIPS failures. Further, high-resolution detection methods should be recommended for additional prenatal diagnoses.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Prenatal Diagnosis (NIPD) of Sickle-Cell Disease By Massively Parallel Sequencing of Cell-Free Fetal DNA in Maternal Serum

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 2085-2085
Author(s):  
Yvonne Daniel ◽  
Julia Van Campen ◽  
Lee Silcock ◽  
Michael Yau ◽  
Joo Wook Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Massively Parallel Sequencing ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Cell Free Fetal Dna

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common genetic haematological disorder worldwide. Around 300.000 affected infants are born every year, including at least 1000 in the United States. Prenatal diagnosis is currently carried out using amniotic fluid or chorionic villus sampling. These invasive procedures are perceived to have a small risk of miscarriage. The availability of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) is predicted to increase uptake of prenatal diagnosis for SCD, as it has no perceived miscarriage risk. NIPD may also be more readily implemented than invasive prenatal diagnosis in the low-resource countries in which SCD is the most prevalent. However, accurate NIPD of autosomal recessive disorders such as sickle cell disease has proven challenging as this requires detection of fetal inheritance of a maternal allele from a mixed maternal-fetal pool of cell-free DNA. We report the development of a targeted massively parallel sequencing assay for the NIPD of fetal SCD using cell-free fetal DNA from maternal plasma. No paternal or previous offspring samples were required. 44 clinical samples were analysed, including 37 plasma samples from pregnant SCD carriers and 7 plasma samples from women with SCD due to Hb SC. We used a relative mutation dosage based approach for the 37 samples from maternal SCD carriers (Hb AS or Hb AC), integrating Unique Molecular Identifiers (UMIs) into the analysis to improve the accuracy of wildtype and mutant allele counts. We used a separate wildtype allele detection approach for the 7 samples from women with compound heterozygous SCD, in whom the detection of wildtype cell-free DNA indicates the presence of a carrier fetus. The success of the assay was evaluated by comparing results with the established fetal sickle status as determined through either invasive prenatal diagnosis or newborn screening. During development, two key factors improved the accuracy of the results: i) Selective analysis of only smaller cell-free DNA fragments enhanced the fetal fraction for all samples, with greater effects observed in samples from earlier gestations. This approach improved diagnostic accuracy: for 3 out of 44 samples, the genotype was inconclusive or incorrect before size selection, but correct after size selection. ii) Modifications to DNA fragment hybridisation capture optimised the diversity of Unique Molecular Identifier-tagged molecules analysed. This led to improvements in the results obtained for 5 samples, with 3 previously inconclusive samples correctly called and 2 previously discrepant results moved into the inconclusive range. In total, 37 results were concordant with the established fetal sickle status; this included 30/37 samples from carrier women and 7/7 samples from women with sickle cell disease due to Hb SC. The remaining 7 carrier samples gave an inconclusive result, which for 3 samples was attributed to a low fetal fraction. Samples from as early as 8 weeks gestation were successfully genotyped. There were no false positive or false negative results. This study is the largest to use NGS-based NIPD on clinical plasma samples from pregnancies at risk of SCD. Efforts to validate the assay on a larger sample cohort and to reduce the inconclusive rate are warranted. This study shows that NIPD for SCD is approaching clinical utility and has the potential to provide increased choice to women with pregnancies at risk of sickle cell disease. Disclosures Silcock: Nonacus Ltd.: Employment.

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