To the Question About Pharmacological Protection During Irradiation in Non-infecting Doses: Maybe, Necessary? Part 1. General Overview of Medical-tactical and Phenomenological Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
A. Ivanchenko ◽  
V. Basharin ◽  
I. Drachev ◽  
A. Seleznev ◽  
A. Bushmanov
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Final State ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
Dose Limits ◽  
Stimulation Of

Purpose: Review of modern concepts of the biological effect of ionizing radiation in medium doses on a living organism and the consequences of radiation in order to assess the need for the use of drugs suitable for the purpose of modifying the effects; stimulation of discussion on the issue under consideration. Results: The conditions of origin and the list of possible radiation effects from irradiation at medium doses of the 0.1–1 Gy range were assessed, the scale and phenomenology of the consequences were assessed as a subject of modification by antiradiation agents. Conclusions: Pharmacological support (use of PLC) under conditions of short-term and prolonged irradiation with a low dose rate and in the dose range of 0.2–1 Gy seems to be necessary due to the reality of deterministic effects when the dose limits are exceeded (partly at the premorbid or preclinical level, with pronounced psychogenic reactions – components of the final state), as well as with the possibility of stochastic effects in excess of spontaneous ones, although, according to approximate estimates, with an insignificant frequency.

Using a Temperature-Switching Approach to Evaluate Low-Dose-Rate Ionizing Radiation Effects on SET in Linear Bipolar Circuits

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1557-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Yao ◽  
Wu Lu ◽  
Xin Yu ◽  
Qi Guo ◽  
Chengfa He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Low Dose Rate

The Progress of ICRP New Recommendations

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiguo Shang ◽  
Changjie Lu ◽  
Jin Qin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Weighting Factor ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Risk Coefficient ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
Radiation Induced

In order to probe into the usage of the Recommendations of the ICRP, through comparative analysis of low-dose-rate radiation-induced stochastic effects of a nominal risk coefficient, radiation weighting factor, tissue weighting factor as well as the the implementation of changes on the radiological protection system, analysis of the international on Radiological Protection fundamental recommendations of the Committee on the latest changes in radiological protection and development, and that these changes can not affect the existing radiation protection of China’s basic policy and standards.

THE SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF LOW-DOSE-RATE RADIATION ON EL4 LYMPHOMA CELL

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Jin-Jong Bong ◽  
Yu-Mi Kang ◽  
Suk-Chul Shin ◽  
Moo-Hyun Choi ◽  
Seung-Jin Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lymphoma Cell ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
Short Term Effects

scholarly journals Cell stress response to low-dose neutron radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 036-042
Author(s):  
Konstantin Andreevich Kuznetsov ◽  
Pavel Semenovich Kizim ◽  
Andrey Yurievich Berezhnoy ◽  
Oleksandr Pilipovich Shchus ◽  
Gennadiy Michailovich Onyshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Neutron Radiation ◽  
Cell Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Neutron Radiation Effects ◽  
Cell Stress Response

Background. It is a point of discussion whether low-dose ionizing radiation has harmful or stimulating impact on cell. According to high relative biological effectiveness of neutron radiation there is a need of description of any process triggered in the cell by neutrons. Objective. The aim of current work is the investigation of the low dosed neutron radiation effects on human cells by indicators of cell stress such as state of chromatin and cell membrane permeability. Materials and methods. Human buccal epithelium cells from 3 male donors (21, 24, 25 years old) were exposed to fast neutron radiation in dose range 2.3–146.0 mSv from 239Pu-Be source. State of chromatin was evaluated by count of heterochromatin granules quantity in 100 nuclei stained with 2% orcein in 45% acetic acid; ratio of cells with increased membrane permeability stained with 5 mM indigocarmine in 300 cells. Results. Changes in level of heterochromatin granules quantity and in cell membrane permeability revealed wave-shaped dependency with maximum effects at 36.5 mSv. Further increase of dose resulted in return of both chromatin state and membrane permeability levels closely to control or even lower. Conclusion. Membrane restoration and chromatin decompaction under doses higher than 36.5 mSv together can be a sign of hormetic (stimulating) effect of low-dose neutron radiation.

Use of a rectal spacer with low-dose-rate brachytherapy for treatment of prostate cancer in previously irradiated patients: Initial experience and short-term results

Brachytherapy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon A. Mahal ◽  
David R. Ziehr ◽  
Andrew S. Hyatt ◽  
Emily H. Neubauer-Sugar ◽  
Desmond A. O'Farrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Initial Experience ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of 20% Cold-Worked 316 Stainless Steel Irradiated at Low Dose Rate

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd R. Allen ◽  
Hanchung Tsai ◽  
James I. Cole ◽  
Joji Ohta ◽  
Kenji Dohi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Work Hardening ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Total Elongation ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Low Dose Rate ◽  
Cold Worked

To assess the effects of long-term, low-dose-rate neutron exposure on mechanical strength and ductility, tensile properties were measured on irradiated 20% cold-worked Type 316 stainless steel. Samples were prepared from reactor core components retrieved from the EBR-II reactor following final shutdown. Sample locations were chosen to cover a dose range of 1–47 dpa at temperatures from 371–385°C and dose rates from 0.8–2.8 × 10−7 dpa/s. These dose rates are about one order of magnitude lower than those of typical EBR-II in-core experiments. Irradiation cuased hardening, with the yield strength (YS) following approximately the same trend as the ultimate tensile strength (UTS). At higher dose, the difference between the UTS and YS decreases, suggesting the work-hardening capability of the material is decreasing with increasing dose. Both the uniform elongation and total elongation decrease up to the largest dose. Unlike the strength data, the ductility reduction showed no signs of saturating at 20 dpa. While the material retained respectable ductility at 20 dpa, the uniform and total elongation decreased to <1 and <3%, respectively, at 47 dpa. Fracture in the 30 dpa specimen is mainly ductile but with local regions of mixed-mode failure consisting of dimples and microvoids. The fracture surface of the higher-exposure 47 dpa specimen displays significantly more brittle features. The fracture consists of maily small facets and slip bands that suggest channel fracture. The hardening in these low-dose-rate components differs from that measured in test samples irradiated in EBR-II at higher-dose-rate. The material irradiated at higher dose rate loses work hardening capactiy faster than the lower dose rate material, although this effect could be due to compositional differences.

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