Cartography and GIS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Вячеслав Раклов ◽  
Vyacheslav Raklov
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Classification Of Maps

The textbook considers the basic concepts of cartography, the history of its development, as well as the classification of maps and the main elements of the map, the issues of mathematical cartography, the main stages of creating maps, the factors, types and methods of cartographic generalization. Separate sections of the manual are devoted to cartographic signs and methods of image on maps of thematic content, the development of cartographic scales and methods of use of maps in land management and cadastre. Separately, the issues of the functioning of geographical information systems (GIS): their composition, structure, technology for creating thematic maps in the GIS environment. The manual concludes with a section on GIS mapping for real estate cadastre, environmental protection and land monitoring, as well as recommendations on the choice of GIS and requirements for cartographic documentation of real estate cadastre. Recommended for students studying in the field of "land Management", "Land cadastre", "Urban cadastre".

Geographical Information Systems for Biomass Estimate and the Search for Renewable Energy Sources

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Borruso
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Gis Environment

In this paper the attention is drawn on GIS as a support for energy choices for a sustainable development. Given the growing pressures for respecting the environment on one side and on limited non-renewable energy sources, mainly oil-based, on the other side, there is a need to evaluate different alternative sources for integrating those already available and to foster energy saving. This paper is focused on biomasses, and particularly on those originating from cattle and swine breeding. An example is given of localization and quantification of energy potential deriving from animal breeding in Friuli Venezia Giulia Region (North Eastern Italy), focusing on cattle and swine ones, from the analysis of local units and animals registered at municipality level. In this stage of the research, the GIS environment is used to analyse statistical data at municipality level and for computing the theoretical output in energy terms, hypothesising different scenarios.

scholarly journals Narrative Hunger: GIS Mapping, Google Street View and the Colonial Prospectus

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Google Street View ◽  
Interactive Maps ◽  
Street View ◽  
Tracking Time ◽  
The One

There are millions of maps like the one Wislawa Szymborska describes.  But in this essay I’ll be looking at another kind: geographical information systems, which do get stirred when people engage with them.  Arrayed on screens, the surfaces of these interactive maps are designed to get unsettled.  There’s electricity and constant data-accrual agitating them, letting them change with context and consultation.  They are still accounts of space, these new kinds of maps, but they do not stay still.  They alter from moment to moment, tracking time, showing  --  albeit mainly at the somewhat occluded level of metadata  --  a record of everyone who visits them, who gets folded into them.

scholarly journals Automatic 3D Extraction of Buildings, Vegetation and Roads from LIDAR Data

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bellakaout ◽  
M. Cherkaoui ◽  
M. Ettarid ◽  
A. Touzani
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Height Variation ◽  
Topological Relationship

Aerial topographic surveys using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology collect dense and accurate information from the surface or terrain; it is becoming one of the important tools in the geosciences for studying objects and earth surface. Classification of Lidar data for extracting ground, vegetation, and buildings is a very important step needed in numerous applications such as 3D city modelling, extraction of different derived data for geographical information systems (GIS), mapping, navigation, etc... Regardless of what the scan data will be used for, an automatic process is greatly required to handle the large amount of data collected because the manual process is time consuming and very expensive. <br><br> This paper is presenting an approach for automatic classification of aerial Lidar data into five groups of items: buildings, trees, roads, linear object and soil using single return Lidar and processing the point cloud without generating DEM. Topological relationship and height variation analysis is adopted to segment, preliminary, the entire point cloud preliminarily into upper and lower contours, uniform and non-uniform surface, non-uniform surfaces, linear objects, and others. <br><br> This primary classification is used on the one hand to know the upper and lower part of each building in an urban scene, needed to model buildings façades; and on the other hand to extract point cloud of uniform surfaces which contain roofs, roads and ground used in the second phase of classification. A second algorithm is developed to segment the uniform surface into buildings roofs, roads and ground, the second phase of classification based on the topological relationship and height variation analysis, The proposed approach has been tested using two areas : the first is a housing complex and the second is a primary school. The proposed approach led to successful classification results of buildings, vegetation and road classes.

scholarly journals Mapping spatial cultures: contributions of space syntax to research in the urban history of the nineteenth-century city

Urban History ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Griffiths ◽  
Laura Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban History ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
History Of ◽  
Architectural Research

AbstractThe theory and methods of space syntax can help to rebalance the prevailing cultural perspective, which views maps as ideological representations, with an analytical approach that emphasizes maps as sources for understanding space and spatial relationships embedded in built forms. The quantitative descriptions of urban street networks produced by space syntax analyses can be used to formulate and test hypotheses about patterns of urban movement, encounter and socio-economic activity in the past that can help in the interpretation of other historical source materials to give an overall account of urban spatial culture. In this article, the authors explain how space syntax, a theory and method originally developed in the field of architectural research, is making a distinctive contribution to research in social and urban history. The key principles of the method are explained by clarifying the relationship of space syntax to HGIS (Historical Geographical Information Systems) and through a worked example of research undertaken into political meeting places. A survey of research into the urban history of the nineteenth-century city using space syntax is used to highlight a number of important methodological themes and also demonstrates the range of innovative contributions that this interdisciplinary approach is able to advance. A final, theoretical, section reflects on maps and the practice of ‘mapping’ from a space syntax perspective.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Reception Capacity of a Certain Area Regarding Tourist Housing, Addressing Sustainable-Tourism Criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6422
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Fernández Gallardo ◽  
Jose María Caridad y Ocerín ◽  
María Genoveva Millán Vázquez de la Torre
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Specific Analysis

The emergence of new 2.0 net collaborative economies has brought an increase in the number of tourists, changing the paradigm of the tourist-housing sector in the main cities around the world. This has directly impacted inhabitants and land-use planning, and there is no general agreement yet between different public and private agents on how to deal with the problem. In this document, a model supported by scientific approaches is presented to assist in planning for sustainable land use through assessing its reception capacity to host tourist housing. The area of study is a medium-sized city in Spain with four UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The methodology is based on the application of the multicriteria decision paradigm in the geographical information systems’ field to deal with complex problems with several alternatives and various criteria to be evaluated. As a result, we obtained a classification of every part of the study area, depending on the reception capacity of the considered uses. The main conclusion is that tourist housing must be regulated, although its effects cannot be generalized, since specific analysis for every neighborhood in a territory is needed.

Geographical Information Systems for Biomass Estimate and the Search for Renewable Energy Sources

2012 ◽  
pp. 486-499
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Borruso
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Gis Environment

In this paper the attention is drawn on GIS as a support for energy choices for a sustainable development. Given the growing pressures for respecting the environment on one side and on limited non-renewable energy sources, mainly oil-based, on the other side, there is a need to evaluate different alternative sources for integrating those already available and to foster energy saving. This paper is focused on biomasses, and particularly on those originating from cattle and swine breeding. An example is given of localization and quantification of energy potential deriving from animal breeding in Friuli Venezia Giulia Region (North Eastern Italy), focusing on cattle and swine ones, from the analysis of local units and animals registered at municipality level. In this stage of the research, the GIS environment is used to analyse statistical data at municipality level and for computing the theoretical output in energy terms, hypothesising different scenarios.

Afterword

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLINE FINKEL
Keyword(s):  
Historical Archaeology ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Simple Fact ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Systems Software ◽  
History Of ◽  
Degree Of Overlap

This chapter comments on the Ottoman frontier, historical archaeology, Ottoman archaeology, and suggests future developments in these studies. The history of the frontiers of the Ottoman world played out in significantly different ways at each point along their great distance. Geographical and climatic circumstance and human conditions conspired to produce uniqueness. Meanwhile, the fortuitous degree of overlap between archaeological and historical data at Anavarin encourages people to search for a better understanding of the matters dealt with here. Each of the projects documented is this volume is tied to a specific geographic location. This simple fact opens up opportunities for virtual representation of historical and archaeological findings using GIS (Geographical Information Systems) software. GIS provides a means of digitally storing and analysing large amounts of data relating to defined locations.

Challenges in use of geographical information systems (GIS) in a research for understanding conservation of cultural heritage in Bursa

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sermin Çakici Alp ◽  
Neriman Şahin Güçhan
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Complicated Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conservation History ◽  
History Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a framework of introducing a proper method to document and to analyze conservation process of cultural heritage in Bursa, known as one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Turkey and to discuss challenges in use of geographical information systems (GIS) for assessment of a complex data collected and analyzed during different phases of the historic researches. Design/methodology/approach A systematic approach is used to understand relations between theoretical and practical processes of heritage conservation in Bursa. Due to the complicated structure of input data, GIS was used as the major tool in illustration of cultural heritage in various spatial scales, while providing connection between different timelines of its urban history. Within this concept, at first, conservation history of cultural heritage in Bursa is briefly described. Second, four stages of the method, used to make reliable and convenient assessment, are given. Finally, facilities and challenges in using this system are discussed in relation with the results achieved. Findings As a result of this study, both chronological and spatial distribution of all types of conservation practices are described in related with theoretical and legal aspects. There appear both advantages and limitations in use of GIS, during assessment of input data to understand conservation history of Bursa. Originality/value Therefore, it would be possible to see if it is adequate to understand the complicated structure of such kind of overlapped sources in a systematic way of information management system.

scholarly journals Automatic 3D Extraction of Buildings, Vegetation and Roads from LIDAR Data

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
A. Bellakaout ◽  
M. Cherkaoui ◽  
M. Ettarid ◽  
A. Touzani
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Height Variation ◽  
Topological Relationship

Aerial topographic surveys using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology collect dense and accurate information from the surface or terrain; it is becoming one of the important tools in the geosciences for studying objects and earth surface. Classification of Lidar data for extracting ground, vegetation, and buildings is a very important step needed in numerous applications such as 3D city modelling, extraction of different derived data for geographical information systems (GIS), mapping, navigation, etc... Regardless of what the scan data will be used for, an automatic process is greatly required to handle the large amount of data collected because the manual process is time consuming and very expensive. <br><br> This paper is presenting an approach for automatic classification of aerial Lidar data into five groups of items: buildings, trees, roads, linear object and soil using single return Lidar and processing the point cloud without generating DEM. Topological relationship and height variation analysis is adopted to segment, preliminary, the entire point cloud preliminarily into upper and lower contours, uniform and non-uniform surface, non-uniform surfaces, linear objects, and others. <br><br> This primary classification is used on the one hand to know the upper and lower part of each building in an urban scene, needed to model buildings façades; and on the other hand to extract point cloud of uniform surfaces which contain roofs, roads and ground used in the second phase of classification. A second algorithm is developed to segment the uniform surface into buildings roofs, roads and ground, the second phase of classification based on the topological relationship and height variation analysis, The proposed approach has been tested using two areas : the first is a housing complex and the second is a primary school. The proposed approach led to successful classification results of buildings, vegetation and road classes.

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