scholarly journals Linguistic and Neighbourhood Integration among Highly-skilled Migrants – A Quantitative Analysis Using the Example of Foreign University Staff Members in Aachen, Bonn and Cologne

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Imani ◽  
Josef Nipper ◽  
Günter Thieme
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Duration Of Stay ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled

Integration issues among highly-skilled migrants were long considered rather irrelevant, a view being based on the image of a transnational, highly mobile elite that easily gets along at different workplaces during their respective duration of stay. Recent studies, however, indicate the heterogeneity of the group, for example with regard to vocational situation as well as migration trajectories. Accordingly, questions about their integration in the respective host society gain importance. Therefore, this article deals with integration processes of highly-skilled migrants in Germany. Based on a standardised survey (n=553) of foreign academics at the universities in Aachen, Bonn and Cologne, we examine aspects of the cultural and social dimension of integration processes in this group. In order to operationalise cultural integration, we chose linguistic competence indicators and social integration is operationalised using variables related to neighbourhood relationships. The study was primarily conducted using a cluster analysis.With regard to their linguistic skills, the respondents can be divided into five clusters. The members of the first two clusters assess their language proficiency as above the mean, while the members of the last two clusters assess their language skills as distinctly lower than average. With regard to neighbourhood relationships, we identified six clusters that again differ in the assessment of their neighbourhood contacts. However, no linear-hierarchical composition is apparent in the neighbourhood integration clusters as was for the linguistic clusters. Furthermore, we examined the reciprocal effects between linguistic competence and neighbourhood relationships and the influences of selected predictor variables on these two dimensions. There is a highly significant correlation between linguistic competence and the neighbourhood situation. The correlation between linguistic competence and neighbourhood situation and a series of predictor variables such as nationality, academic discipline, family and household structures and duration of stay is also highly significant. We can also assume that some of these correlations, such as the latter, are reciprocal.

scholarly journals The impact of EU citizenship on migrant integration

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (42) ◽  
pp. 102-121
Author(s):  
Snježana Gregurović
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
National Citizenship ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
The Impact

Migrations undertaken by highly skilled persons assume an important position in knowledge societies, especially in large global cities where there is a need for their work. This article is based on qualitative research conducted in Brussels in 2014, working with a sample (N=20) of highly skilled migrants from Southeast Europe. Through applying Bosswick and Heckmann's (2006) analytical framework, this research examines the influence of European Union citizenship on the system and social dimension to the integration of the researched group. Under system integration, the gaining and enacting of citizenship rights receives special attention, while with social integration, the identificational dimension to integration is in focus. The research results demonstrated that the possession of EU citizenship influences the integration outcome – to a greater extent in the case of system integration, and to a lesser extent with social integration. Given that the integration of highly skilled migrants in Brussels occurs within "international strata", rather than a national culture framework, the classic integration model does not function in Brussels. In the case of the integration of highly skilled migrants in a global city such as Brussels, it was shown that migrants do not attach an importance to (national) citizenship as long as they have EU citizenship. Highly skilled migrants from third countries do attach an importance to national citizenship so long as they do not have a work permit with which they are regulating their stay and provided that they plan to settle for a long time in Belgium.

Stimulating Flexible Citizenship: The Impact of Dutch and Indian Migration Policies on the Lives of Highly Skilled Indian Migrants in the Netherlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Katherine Kirk ◽  
Ellen Bal
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Indian Diaspora ◽  
Migration Literature ◽  
Corporate Rights ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Migration Theories ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper explores the relationship between migration and integration policies in the Netherlands, diaspora policies in India, and the transnational practices of Indian highly skilled migrants to the Netherlands. We employ anthropological transnational migration theories (e.g., Ong 1999; Levitt and Jaworsky 2007) to frame the dynamic interaction between a sending and a receiving country on the lives of migrants. This paper makes a unique contribution to migration literature by exploring the policies of both sending and receiving country in relation to ethnographic data on migrants. The international battle for brains has motivated states like the Netherlands and India to design flexible migration and citizenship policies for socially and economically desirable migrants. Flexible citizenship policies in the Netherlands are primarily concerned with individual and corporate rights and privileges, whereas Indian diaspora policies have been established around the premise of national identity.

scholarly journals Skilled Migrants in the Swedish Labour Market: An Analysis of Employment, Income and Occupational Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3428
Author(s):  
Nahikari Irastorza ◽  
Pieter Bevelander
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Employment Rates

In a globalised world with an increasing division of labour, the competition for highly skilled individuals—regardless of their origin—is growing, as is the value of such individuals for national economies. Yet the majority of studies analysing the economic integration of immigrants shows that those who are highly skilled also have substantial hurdles to overcome: their employment rates and salaries are lower and they face a higher education-to-occupation mismatch compared to highly skilled natives. This paper contributes to the paucity of studies on the employment patterns of highly skilled immigrants to Sweden by providing an overview of the socio-demographic characteristics, labour-market participation and occupational mobility of highly educated migrants in Sweden. Based on a statistical analysis of register data, we compare their employment rates, salaries and occupational skill level and mobility to those of immigrants with lower education and with natives. The descriptive analysis of the data shows that, while highly skilled immigrants perform better than those with a lower educational level, they never catch up with their native counterparts. Our regression analyses confirm these patterns for highly skilled migrants. Furthermore, we find that reasons for migration matter for highly skilled migrants’ employment outcomes, with labour migrants having better employment rates, income and qualification-matched employment than family reunion migrants and refugees.

scholarly journals Physical activity, sport and transnational migrant spaces in Shanghai, China: (Re)crafting contours of a metropolitan cityscape

2021 ◽  
pp. 101269022110094
Author(s):  
Geoffery Zain Kohe ◽  
Daniel Nehring ◽  
Mengwei Tu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Community Formation ◽  
Urban Citizenship ◽  
Transnational Mobility ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Globally Attractive ◽  
Skilled Migrant

This study examines associations between sport/physical activity space, community formation and social life among Shanghai’s highly skilled migrant demographic. There is limited illustration of the roles sport and physical exercise provision and spaces play in this migrant cohort’s lives, community formation and participation in their host societies. Yet, such evidence is of value in determining social policy, urban development and community engagement initiatives. Using a mixed-methods approach involving public policy critique, cultural and spatial analysis and virtual community investigation, this article provides a conceptual exploration of ways sport and physical activity frame individual and collective migrant experiences, and how such experiences enmesh with wider geo-spatial, political and domestic context. Amid Shanghai’s presentation as a globally attractive space, we reveal some of the complexities of the cityscape as an emblematic location for highly mobile, highly skilled migrants. A confluence of ideals about urban citizenship, social participation and localised physical activity/sport-based (inter)action, we note, articulate Shanghai anew, and contribute to debates on highly skilled transnational mobility and community formation.

scholarly journals PENGENDALIAN ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN SAWAH YANG BERKELANJUTAN DI KECAMATAN TAMBANG, KABUPATEN KAMPAR, RIAU The Sustainability Of Control Over The Paddy Fields Converstion In Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency, Riau

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Chendy Prima Sari ◽  
Zulfan Saam ◽  
Ridwan Manda Putra
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
The Status ◽  
Supply Capacity ◽  
Index Value

The phenomenon of paddy fields conversion in Kampar Regency which continues to increase from year to year had caused decreasing paddy fields area and threatening food supply capacity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the index and the status of the sustainability of control over the paddy fields conversion and to find out the sensitive attributes of the sustainability of control over the paddy fields conversion in Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency. This research was conducted in Aur Sati Village, Balam Jaya Village and Pulau Permai Village, Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency from October 2020 to January 2021. The method used was the survey method with a quantitative approach. The sampel of farmers in this study were 88 people who were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was done by observation, interviews, and literature study. This study used questionnaires as an instrument to collect data.  The analytical method used in this research was the sustainability analysis carried out with the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis approach with the Rap-Paddy Field tool which has been modified from Rapfish program. The results showed that the control of the paddy fields conversion in Aur Sati Village has been going very well, this can be seen from the sustainability index value of each dimension in the range of 52.4 - 83.9% (fairly - highly sustainable). On the other hand, the sustainability index value of each dimension in Balam Jaya Village ranges from 35.9 - 48.2% (less sustainable), this showed that paddy fields conversion in this village has not been well controlled. While in Pulau Permai Village, the economic dimension had a sustainability index value of 48.2% (less sustainable) and there were 2 (two) dimensions that were classified as fairly sustainable, namely the ecological dimension of 64.4% and the social dimension of 52.3%. These data provided information that the control of paddy fields conversion in Pulau Permai Village is still ecologically and socially oriented, and ignores the economic dimension. There were sensitive attributes that need to be given top priority in planning the sustainability of control over the paddy fields conversion in Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency, namely price stability, product markets, traditional leaders, cultivation techniques and availability of RTRW.

scholarly journals Host-Guest Relationships in Non-Commercial Tourism Settings: WWOOFing in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dagmar Cronauer
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Interpersonal Connectedness ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This study investigates host-­guest elationships in a non‐commercial tourism setting within the context of WWOOF (World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms) in New Zealand. WWOOF is a worldwide membership network of organic farms, and is comprised of non‐monetary exchange relationships between WWOOF hosts and guests (WWOOFers). It involves tourists offering their help with activities on these farms in exchange for accommodation and food. The purpose of this research is to examine WWOOF hosts and guests’ meanings and understandings of the host‐guest relationship and the dynamics that influence the nature of the WWOOF encounter. An examination of hosts and guests’ expectations and their subsequent effect on the encounter, and of personal outcomes, assist in making sense of the multiple roles of both parties. The study contributes to the limited research that explores non‐commercial host‐guest relationships in tourism. Through consulting literature on the commercial home, it builds on previous work on WWOOFing by focusing on hosts and guests’ perceptions rather than only one perspective. It gives voice to an under‐acknowledged group of hosts and tourists, who are not counted as contributors to economic development of tourism in New Zealand. The research  was developed within a social constructivist paradigm. Using phenomenological methodology, in‐depth interviews with hosts and guests in New Zealand allowed for a thorough analysis of their personal narratives of the WWOOF experience, and the host‐guest relationships. Twenty‐eight interviews were conducted during June and July 2011  (some with two interviewees): resulting in data from 24 hosts and 15 WWOOFers. The findings suggest that WWOOF hosts and guests interact within work and social dimensions. The work dimension dictates that the guest offer help with work on the organic property in return for accommodation and  food provided by the host. The social dimension demands interpersonal exchange and social bonds are developed. A model is presented, which demonstrates that host‐guest relationships in WWOOFing evolve and are constantly being negotiated and evaluated. Hosts and guests have multiple roles within the two dimensions: employer‐employee, host‐guest, (family) host‐family member, and friends. These roles are dependent on the level of formalisation of the encounter and the level of interpersonal connectedness. The encounter involves the host’s obligation to meet the needs of the guest and the guest’s obligation to adhere to implicit and explicit rules and guidelines determined by the host. Space and time are mostly shared within the host’s home or hosting space. The study shows that the relationships that occur are complex and multi‐faceted. The various dimensions, which are essential in creating closer, interpersonal relationships, are negotiated within various levels of the relationship. The aspects that influence the roles adopted in work and social spheres and the evolution of the relationship require an understanding of the temporal roles of hosts and guests, trust, shared values and stories, as well as work and social exchange elements.</p>

PROTESTANT ENVIRONMENT OF UKRAINE: IN SEARCH OF RELIGIOUS TYPOLOGIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ALLUKRAINIAN UNION OF CHURCHES OF EVANGELICAL CHRISTIAN BAPTISTS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-105
Author(s):  
Ivan Kunderenko
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nonviolent Resistance ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Political Groups

Applying the typology of R. Niebuhr to the Protestant environment of Ukraine is nearly impossible, because despite the preserved faith statements, the level of involvement of Protestants in Ukrainian society has changed significantly. Thus, the usual classification is not efficient due to the dynamics of the social dimension of Protestants and the background of theological conservatism. Author agrees with the proposed paradigm of D. Hollinger, that in any interaction with society there are two dimensions, in the middle of which we can make a certain ranking. The impact can be individual or structural, as well as reactionary or preventive. The following vectors have become especially common among Protestants: 1. Christian relief; 2. Creating alternative Christian institutions; 3. Evangelism, not just a method to introduce beliefs to others, but also as a vehicle of structural changes in society; 4. Prophetic proclamation as a way to react on existing negative trends; 5. Political lobbying with an attempt to prevent the adoption of certain bills, or vice versa, their promotion; 6. Creation of political parties or political groups; 7. Nonviolent resistance; 8. The practice of Christian incarnation as a manifestation of faithfulness to God with the understanding that the attainability of ethical standards is possible only within the Christian community; 9. Individual impact with understanding that Christians hold views and moral (ethical) principles that differ from secular society, however Christians apply those principles, within and outside boundaries of Christendom.

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