Stimulating Flexible Citizenship: The Impact of Dutch and Indian Migration Policies on the Lives of Highly Skilled Indian Migrants in the Netherlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Katherine Kirk ◽  
Ellen Bal
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Indian Diaspora ◽  
Migration Literature ◽  
Corporate Rights ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Migration Theories ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper explores the relationship between migration and integration policies in the Netherlands, diaspora policies in India, and the transnational practices of Indian highly skilled migrants to the Netherlands. We employ anthropological transnational migration theories (e.g., Ong 1999; Levitt and Jaworsky 2007) to frame the dynamic interaction between a sending and a receiving country on the lives of migrants. This paper makes a unique contribution to migration literature by exploring the policies of both sending and receiving country in relation to ethnographic data on migrants. The international battle for brains has motivated states like the Netherlands and India to design flexible migration and citizenship policies for socially and economically desirable migrants. Flexible citizenship policies in the Netherlands are primarily concerned with individual and corporate rights and privileges, whereas Indian diaspora policies have been established around the premise of national identity.

scholarly journals Stimulating Flexible Citizenship

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Katherine Kirk ◽  
Ellen Bal
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Indian Diaspora ◽  
Migration Literature ◽  
Corporate Rights ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Migration Theories ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the relationship between migration and integration policies in the Netherlands, diaspora policies in India, and the transnational practices of Indian highly skilled migrants to the Netherlands. We employ anthropological transnational migration theories (e.g., Ong 1999; Levitt and Jaworsky 2007) to frame the dynamic interaction between a sending and a receiving country on the lives of migrants. This paper makes a unique contribution to migration literature by exploring the policies of both sending and receiving country in relation to ethnographic data on migrants. The international battle for brains has motivated states like the Netherlands and India to design flexible migration and citizenship policies for socially and economically desirable migrants. Flexible citizenship policies in the Netherlands are primarily concerned with individual and corporate rights and privileges, whereas Indian diaspora policies have been established around the premise of national identity.

The Dutch battle for highly skilled migrants: policy, implementation and the role of social networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isik Kulu-Glasgow ◽  
Djamila Schans ◽  
Monika Smit
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Skilled Migration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Developed Nations

In recent years a growing competition for talent has emerged among developed nations. Policymakers across North-America, Australia and Europe have implemented targeted migration programs to attract global talent in order to gain the net positive effects associated with skilled migration. Research so far has mainly focused on analyzing such programs in traditional destinations for highly skilled migrants such as the United States, Canada and Australia. In this article we take the Netherlands as a case study of the more recent European involvement in the ‘race for talent’. We first describe how ‘highly skilled’ migrants are categorized in the various skilled migration schemes that exist in the Netherlands. Secondly, by using primary data on highly-skilled migrants who participated in one of these schemes we look at whether the policy measures attracted the intended target group. We conclude that policy measures that favor highly skilled migrants by themselves are not enough to attract talent. Having social capital in the Netherlands as well as the recruiting efforts of Dutch employers are more important in attracting highly skilled migrants. Also, being highly skilled does not necessarily mean that access to the Dutch labor market is without obstacles.

scholarly journals The impact of EU citizenship on migrant integration

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (42) ◽  
pp. 102-121
Author(s):  
Snježana Gregurović
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
National Citizenship ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
The Impact

Migrations undertaken by highly skilled persons assume an important position in knowledge societies, especially in large global cities where there is a need for their work. This article is based on qualitative research conducted in Brussels in 2014, working with a sample (N=20) of highly skilled migrants from Southeast Europe. Through applying Bosswick and Heckmann's (2006) analytical framework, this research examines the influence of European Union citizenship on the system and social dimension to the integration of the researched group. Under system integration, the gaining and enacting of citizenship rights receives special attention, while with social integration, the identificational dimension to integration is in focus. The research results demonstrated that the possession of EU citizenship influences the integration outcome – to a greater extent in the case of system integration, and to a lesser extent with social integration. Given that the integration of highly skilled migrants in Brussels occurs within "international strata", rather than a national culture framework, the classic integration model does not function in Brussels. In the case of the integration of highly skilled migrants in a global city such as Brussels, it was shown that migrants do not attach an importance to (national) citizenship as long as they have EU citizenship. Highly skilled migrants from third countries do attach an importance to national citizenship so long as they do not have a work permit with which they are regulating their stay and provided that they plan to settle for a long time in Belgium.

Kennismigranten in Nederland

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Ooijevaar ◽  
Caroline Bloemendal
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Immigrant Population ◽  
Temporary Migration ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Government

Abstract title Abstract title In 2004, the Netherlands introduced work permits for highly skilled employees. This article focuses on the question what the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of migrants are and how they differ from regular labour migrants. By using the System of Social Statistical Datasets, all labour migrants who came to the Netherlands between 2005 and 2011 have been followed.Highly skilled migrants make up only a small part of the Dutch immigrant population. Three quarters of the population of highly skilled migrants are male and the largest groups are from India, America, Japan, Turkey and China. Highly skilled migrants earn considerably more than regular migrants and are overrepresented in the government and healthcare industries and information and communication industries. Although the work permits for highly skilled migrants are intended for temporary migration for a maximum of five years, a quarter of highly skilled migrants does not remigrate within that period. The differences indicate that work permits for highly skilled migrants seem to have succeeded to get high paid workers to the Netherlands. However, at the same time these kind of work permits discourage the aim to retain highly skilled talent to the Netherlands.

scholarly journals Finnish Highly Skilled Migrants and the European Economic Crisis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saara Koikkalainen
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Migrant Status ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Full Force

Abstract Europe is home to a globally unique area where the barriers of transnational migration have been largely removed. This article focuses on Finnish highly skilled, intra-European migrants and their labour market situation immediately following the economic crisis of 2008. Based on two consecutive online surveys (carried out in spring 2008 and summer 2010) of tertiary educated Finns living in other EU countries, the article examines the effects of the global economic downturn on the careers of these highly skilled migrants. Only 16 per cent of the respondents report that their labour market situation had worsened. A higher percentage (24%) felt that their situation had improved and the majority (54%) had either experienced no change in their situation or stated that their reasons for changing jobs or moving had nothing to do with the crisis. The article concludes that these migrants were protected from the full force of the crisis by their high human capital, flexibility of alternating between studying and work, employment in international workplaces and their intra-European migrant status.

Motivation for the Pastoral Profession in the Netherlands

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hessel J. Zondag
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Pastoral Ministry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Organizational Psychology ◽  
Expectancy Theory ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Protestant Denominations

Expectancy theory has been utilized by organizational psychology to explore the expectations and valuations of individuals in various professions. This study employs expectancy theory to clergy, investigating pastors' personal motivations, or values, for assuming pastoral ministry and the subsequent expectation that these values will be honored by their activities within the pastorate. The responses of 235 pastors from Catholic and Protestant denominations on a 24-item questionnaire devised to gauge pastoral motivation and adapted to assess pastoral expectations were factor analyzed and correlated in this exploratory study. The analysis yielded four robust factors. The first two motives found to be dominant were the pursuit of a Christian Way of Life and Anthropocentric Altruism. Anthropocentric Egoism and Theocentric Egoism, although secondary motivations, were theoretically meaningful in the understanding of pastoral motivations and expectations. The impact of expectations upon pastoral well-being and resilience against burnout is discussed.

scholarly journals Preventing NEETs during the Great Recession: the effects of mandatory activation programs for young welfare recipients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emile Cammeraat ◽  
Egbert Jongen ◽  
Pierre Koning
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Employment Effects ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe study the impact of mandatory activation programs for young welfare recipients in the Netherlands. What makes this reform unique is that it clashed head on with the Great Recession. We use differences-in-differences and data for the period 1999–2012 to estimate the effects of this reform. We find that the reform reduced the number of welfare recipients but had no effect on the number of NEETs (individuals not in employment, education or training). The absence of employment effects contrasts with previous studies on the impact of mandatory activation programs, which we argue is due to the reform taking place during a severe economic recession.

scholarly journals Skilled Migrants in the Swedish Labour Market: An Analysis of Employment, Income and Occupational Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3428
Author(s):  
Nahikari Irastorza ◽  
Pieter Bevelander
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Employment Rates

In a globalised world with an increasing division of labour, the competition for highly skilled individuals—regardless of their origin—is growing, as is the value of such individuals for national economies. Yet the majority of studies analysing the economic integration of immigrants shows that those who are highly skilled also have substantial hurdles to overcome: their employment rates and salaries are lower and they face a higher education-to-occupation mismatch compared to highly skilled natives. This paper contributes to the paucity of studies on the employment patterns of highly skilled immigrants to Sweden by providing an overview of the socio-demographic characteristics, labour-market participation and occupational mobility of highly educated migrants in Sweden. Based on a statistical analysis of register data, we compare their employment rates, salaries and occupational skill level and mobility to those of immigrants with lower education and with natives. The descriptive analysis of the data shows that, while highly skilled immigrants perform better than those with a lower educational level, they never catch up with their native counterparts. Our regression analyses confirm these patterns for highly skilled migrants. Furthermore, we find that reasons for migration matter for highly skilled migrants’ employment outcomes, with labour migrants having better employment rates, income and qualification-matched employment than family reunion migrants and refugees.

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