Effects of Ultrasonic Irradiation and Prepreg Heat Treatment on the Physical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites

In recent years use of electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles to improve the interlaminar properties have increased significantly. In most of the cases the additional interlaminar phase of nanofibers is required to go through various thermal and/or chemical processes. There has been emphasis to optimize the interlaminar nanofiber layers to achieve the optimum desired mechanical properties such as interlaminar strength. One common practice is to disperse nanofibers into the resin and then use the nanofiber enhanced resin to fabricate the laminated composites. However, proper dispersion and fiber filtering out are some of the problems that exist in fabrication using the nanofiber mixed resin approach. To alleviate this problem, an innovative approach of growing PAN (polyacrylnitrile) nano fibers directly on carbon fabric by electrospinning seems to solve the dispersion and fiber filtering problem. However, as PAN fibers require stabilization and carbonization, it is obvious that carbon fabric with PAN fiber deposition will have to undergo stabilization and carbonization process. The effect of stabilization and carbonization heat treatment on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber fabric is not yet fully understood. This paper presents the effects of heat treatment on carbon fabric used for fabricating laminated carbon fiber reinforced composite with epoxy resin. The heat treatment was performed at 280°C in air for six hours, and 1200°C for one hour in nitrogen which are similar to stabilization and carbonization of pure PAN fibers. The effects, due to heat treatment, were mainly characterized in terms of mechanical properties by performing tensile tests and shear tests. Fiber surface topography was observed by SEM to analyze physical changes. Chemical changes, corresponding to the existing groups with carbon fibers, were examined through FTIR. The results obtained are compared with a set of control laminated composite specimens, which were fabricated using heat vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (HVARTM) process and cured at 149°C. The two sets of composite were infused with resin in a single vacuum bag to ensure that both sets of specimens have identical resin infusion and cure cycle. Laminates used for making control specimens were fabricated using carbon fabric which did not undergo any heat treatment. A change in laminate thickness for heat treated carbon fabric was observed indicating a possible bulk up of the carbon fibers due to loss of sizing compounds, which also resulted into significant change in tensile properties.

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Mechanical and Physical Properties of Recycled-Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polylactide Fused Deposition Modelling Filament

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma15010190 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 190

Author(s):

Nur’ain Wahidah Ya Omar ◽

Norshah Aizat Shuaib ◽

Mohd Haidiezul Jamal Ab Hadi ◽

Azwan Iskandar Azmi ◽

Muhamad Nur Misbah

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Carbon Fiber ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Fused Deposition Modelling ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Porosity Level ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic materials have attracted several applications, including the fused deposition modelling (FDM) process. As a cheaper and more environmentally friendly alternative to its virgin counterpart, the use of milled recycled carbon fiber (rCF) has received much attention. The quality of the feed filament is important to avoid filament breakage and clogged nozzles during the FDM printing process. However, information about the effect of material parameters on the mechanical and physical properties of short rCF-reinforced FDM filament is still limited. This paper presents the effect of fiber loading (10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt%) and fiber size (63 µm, 75 µm, and 150 µm) on the filament’s tensile properties, surface roughness, microstructure, porosity level, density, and water absorptivity. The results show that the addition of 63 µm fibers at 10 wt% loading can enhance filament tensile properties with minimal surface roughness and porosity level. The addition of rCF increased the density and reduced the material’s water intake. This study also indicates a clear trade-off between the optimized properties. Hence, it is recommended that the optimization of rCF should consider the final application of the product. The findings of this study provide a new manufacturing strategy in utilizing milled rCF in potential 3D printing-based applications.

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Effects of Heat-Treatment on Tensile Behavior and Dimension Stability of 3D Printed Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13244305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 4305

Author(s):

Amal Nassar ◽

Mona Younis ◽

Mohamed Elzareef ◽

Eman Nassar

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Carbon Fiber ◽

Treatment Temperature ◽

Tensile Behavior ◽

Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽

Reinforced Composites ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽

3D Printed ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced

This work investigated the effects of heat treatment on the tensile behavior of 3D-printed high modules carbon fiber-reinforced composites. The manufacturing of samples with different material combinations using polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with 9% carbon fiber (PLACF), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) reinforced with 9% carbon fiber (ABSCF) were made. This paper addresses the tensile behavior of different structured arrangements at different% of densities between two kinds of filaments. The comparison of the tensile behavior between heat treated and untreated samples. The results showed that heat treatment improves the tensile properties of samples by enhancing the bonding of filament layers and by reducing the porosity content. At all structure specifications, the rectilinear pattern gives higher strength of up to 33% compared with the Archimedean chords pattern. Moreover, there is a limited improvement in the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity values for the samples treated at low heat-treatment temperature. The suggested methodology to evaluate the tensile behavior of the pairs of materials selected is innovative and could be used to examine sandwich designs as an alternative to producing multi-material components using inexpensive materials.

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Effect of fiber content and their hybridization on bending and torsional strength of hybrid epoxy composites reinforced with carbon and sugar palm fibers

Polimery ◽

10.14314/polimery.2021.1.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 36-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. M. Z. Nik Baihaqi ◽

A. Khalina ◽

N. Mohd Nurazzi ◽

H. A. Aisyah ◽

S. M. Sapuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fiber ◽

Hybrid Composite ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Torsion Test ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Fiber Loading ◽

The Matrix ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced

This study aims to investigate the effect of fiber hybridization of sugar palm yarn fiber with carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. In this work, sugar palm yarn composites were reinforced with epoxy at varying fiber loads of 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt % using the hand lay-up process. The hybrid composites were fabricated from two types of fabric: sugar palm yarn of 250 tex and carbon fiber as the reinforcements, and epoxy resin as the matrix. The ratios of 85 : 15 and 80 : 20 were selected for the ratio between the matrix and reinforcement in the hybrid composite. The ratios of 50 : 50 and 60 : 40 were selected for the ratio between sugar palm yarn and carbon fiber. The mechanical properties of the composites were characterized according to the flexural test (ASTM D790) and torsion test (ASTM D5279). It was found that the increasing flexural and torsion properties of the non-hybrid composite at fiber loading of 15 wt % were 7.40% and 75.61%, respectively, compared to other fiber loading composites. For hybrid composites, the experimental results reveal that the highest flexural and torsion properties were achieved at the ratio of 85/15 reinforcement and 60/40 for the fiber ratio of hybrid sugar palm yarn/carbon fiber-reinforced composites. The results from this study suggest that the hybrid composite has a better performance regarding both flexural and torsion properties. The different ratio between matrix and reinforcement has a significant effect on the performance of sugar palm composites. It can be concluded that this type of composite can be utilized for beam, construction applications, and automotive components that demand high flexural strength and high torsional forces.

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