scholarly journals A Tale of Two Hierarchies: Interactive Effects of Power Differentiation and Status Differentiation on Team Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Hays ◽  
Huisi (Jessica) Li ◽  
Xue Yang ◽  
Jo K. Oh ◽  
Andrew Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
High Status ◽  
Status Differentiation ◽  
Increasing Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Hiding

Scholars have long wrestled with whether hierarchical differentiation is functional or dysfunctional for teams. Building on emerging research that emphasizes the distinction between power (i.e., control over resources) and status (i.e., respect from others), we aim to help reconcile the functional and dysfunctional accounts of hierarchy by examining the effects of power differentiation on team performance, contingent on status differentiation. We theorize that power differentiation is dysfunctional for teams with high status differentiation by increasing knowledge hiding, which undermines team performance. In contrast, we predict that power differentiation is functional for teams with low status differentiation by decreasing knowledge hiding, which improves team performance. In a field study, we found that power differentiation harmed team performance via knowledge hiding in teams with high status differentiation, but power differentiation had no effect on knowledge hiding or performance in teams with low status differentiation. In an experiment, we again found that power differentiation harmed team performance by increasing knowledge hiding in teams with high status differentiation. However, power differentiation improved team performance by decreasing knowledge hiding in teams with status equality. Finally, in a third study, we confirm the role of status differentiation in making team climates more competitive and examine the effect of power-status alignment within teams, finding that misalignment exacerbates the dysfunctional effects of power differentiation in teams with high status differentiation. By examining how power and status hierarchies operate in tandem, this work underscores the need to take a more nuanced approach to studying hierarchy in teams.

scholarly journals Racial Categorization and Intergroup Relations in Children: The Role of Social Status and Numerical Group Size

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Gedeon ◽  
Constantina Badea ◽  
Rana Esseily
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Group Size ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
High Status ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Racial Categorization ◽  
Intergroup Biases

The aim of this review was to examine the effect of social and numerical group size on racial categorization and intergroup relations in children. We first described the development of racial categorization and the factors that increase the saliency of the race criterion in different contexts. Then, we examine the role of social status in intergroups relations and show that low status children express lower ingroup favoritism compared to their peers from high status groups. Few studies investigated the role of ingroup size on intergroup biases. Here, we look at this numerical variable through the proportion of children of different racial groups in the school environment. The results show that homogeneous environments contribute to the decrease of bias and negative attitudes. We discuss how identifying specific and interactive effects of the social and numerical group size would allow us to implement early and efficient intervention programs.

Parenting Behaviors and Anxiety in Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Stevens ◽  
Joseph R. Bardeen ◽  
Kyle W. Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
Parenting Behaviors ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
High Control ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Parenting behaviors – specifically behaviors characterized by high control, intrusiveness, rejection, and overprotection – and effortful control have each been implicated in the development of anxiety pathology. However, little research has examined the protective role of effortful control in the relation between parenting and anxiety symptoms, specifically among adults. Thus, we sought to explore the unique and interactive effects of parenting and effortful control on anxiety among adults (N = 162). Results suggest that effortful control uniquely contributes to anxiety symptoms above and beyond that of any parenting behavior. Furthermore, effortful control acted as a moderator of the relationship between parental overprotection and anxiety, such that overprotection is associated with anxiety only in individuals with lower levels of effortful control. Implications for potential prevention and intervention efforts which specifically target effortful control are discussed. These findings underscore the importance of considering individual differences in self-regulatory abilities when examining associations between putative early-life risk factors, such as parenting, and anxiety symptoms.

The role of individual differences in dynamic team performance

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Brou ◽  
Stephanie Doane ◽  
Gary Bradshaw ◽  
J. Martin Giesen ◽  
Mark Jodlowski
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Team Performance

A field study of Value-Based Management sophistication: The role of shareholders

2015 ◽  
pp. 65-100
Author(s):  
Andrea Dello Sbarba ◽  
Riccardo Giannetti ◽  
Alessandro Marelli
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Value Based Management

“Wi, se kretyènn mwen ye” (Yes I am Christian)

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadège Mézié
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Christian Woman

During a field study of a year and a half in the Haitian mountains, I was forced to re-evaluate my research strategy, and consequently the object of my study, after a setback that denied me access to the American evangelical mission, which I had hoped to study from within. This failure to integrate as a non-Protestant researcher, led me to adopt a methodological falsehood to allow me to penetrate the Haitian evangelical mission. The researcher who chooses methodological falsehood has to fashion a passing and superficial redefinition of her appearance, beliefs and practices, and live her new religious identity according to the prevalent beliefs and norms. This paper will focus on the fieldworker’s daily performance in her role of “Christian woman,” and the strategies put in place to respond to the prescriptive criteria of the role being played.

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