Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test for the Serodiagnosis of Infectious Bursal Disease

. Using the method of shifting assay of standardized indirect agglutination (SSIA), the prevalence of Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) and infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV) in chickens reared in several districts of Thua Thien Hue province in the Spring-Summer and Fall-Winter seasons was determined. In the Spring-Summer season of 2011, about 22.3% of the chickens were infected with NDV, in which A Luoi accounted for the highest percentage of 25% of the infected chickens and Huong Thuy the lowest of 18.2%. Meanwhile, 36% of the same chickens were infected with IBDV, with the highest percentage (46.66%) also in A Luoi and the lowest (30.3%) also in Huong Thuy. The intensity of NDV infection in the Spring-Summer season in A Luoi and Phu Vang was highest (GMT = 1.45), and in Huong Thuy lowest (GMT = 1.31). In addition, in the Fall-Winter season, about 46% of the chickens were infected with NDV and 46.3% with IBDV in Huong Thuy and Phu Vang – two neighbouring districts of Hue City, in which NDV was detected in 54.4% of the chickens in Huong Thuy and 33.9% in Phu Vang. In contrast, IBDV was detected in 41.9% and 52.7% of the chickens respectively in the two districts. The infection was not inter-dependent. Methodically, although the differences in the infection rates were insignificant with the accuracy of 95%, faecal samples showed higher sensitivity in SSIA analyses for both cases of NDV and IBDV infection in comparision with mouth exudates. By SSIA method, results could be read clearly with unaided eyes for a long time after the performance, and it was also proven applicable for cases of haemagglutinating viruses if proper treatments for depletion of animal RBCs’ surface agglutinins could be applied.

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A recombinant turkey herpesvirus expressing chicken interleukin-2 increases the protection provided by in ovo vaccination with infectious bursal disease and infectious bronchitis virus

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.10.006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (51) ◽

pp. 8529-8535 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

I. Tarpey ◽

A.A. van Loon ◽

N. de Haas ◽

P.J. Davis ◽

S. Orbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽

Interleukin 2 ◽

Infectious Bursal Disease ◽

In Ovo ◽

Infectious Bronchitis ◽

Bursal Disease

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Development of a Viral-Like Particle Candidate Vaccine Against Novel Variant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9020142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 142

Author(s):

Yulong Wang ◽

Nan Jiang ◽

Linjin Fan ◽

Li Gao ◽

Kai Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Virus ◽

Infectious Bursal Disease Virus ◽

Protective Efficacy ◽

Expression System ◽

Size Exclusion ◽

Candidate Vaccine ◽

Infectious Bursal Disease ◽

Immune Protection ◽

Bursal Disease ◽

Novel Variant

Infectious bursal disease (IBD), an immunosuppressive disease of young chickens, is caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Novel variant IBDV (nVarIBDV), a virus that can evade immune protection against very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV), is becoming a threat to the poultry industry. Therefore, nVarIBDV-specific vaccine is much needed for nVarIBDV control. In this study, the VP2 protein of SHG19 (a representative strain of nVarIBDV) was successfully expressed using an Escherichia coli expression system and further purified via ammonium sulfate precipitation and size-exclusion chromatography. The purified protein SHG19-VP2-466 could self-assemble into 25-nm virus-like particle (VLP). Subsequently, the immunogenicity and protective effect of the SHG19-VLP vaccine were evaluated using animal experiments, which indicated that the SHG19-VLP vaccine elicited neutralization antibodies and provided 100% protection against the nVarIBDV. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of the SHG19-VLP vaccine against the vvIBDV was evaluated. Although the SHG19-VLP vaccine induced a comparatively lower vvIBDV-specific neutralization antibody titer, it provided good protection against the lethal vvIBDV. In summary, the SHG19-VLP candidate vaccine could provide complete immune protection against the homologous nVarIBDV as well as the heterologous vvIBDV. This study is of significance to the comprehensive prevention and control of the recent atypical IBD epidemic.

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Transcriptomic Analysis of Inbred Chicken Lines Reveals Infectious Bursal Disease Severity Is Associated with Greater Bursal Inflammation In Vivo and More Rapid Induction of Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Primary Bursal Cells Stimulated Ex Vivo

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13050933 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 933

Author(s):

Amin S. Asfor ◽

Salik Nazki ◽

Vishwanatha R.A.P. Reddy ◽

Elle Campbell ◽

Katherine L. Dulwich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rho Gtpases ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Infectious Bursal Disease ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Rapid Induction ◽

Cytoskeletal Regulation ◽

Bursal Disease

In order to better understand differences in the outcome of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection, we inoculated a very virulent (vv) strain into White Leghorn chickens of inbred line W that was previously reported to experience over 24% flock mortality, and three inbred lines (15I, C.B4 and 0) that were previously reported to display no mortality. Within each experimental group, some individuals experienced more severe disease than others but line 15I birds experienced milder disease based on average clinical scores, percentage of birds with gross pathology, average bursal lesion scores and average peak bursal virus titre. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that more severe disease in line W was associated with significant up-regulation of pathways involved in inflammation, cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPases, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling, and Wnt signaling in the bursa compared to line 15I. Primary bursal cell populations isolated from uninfected line W birds contained a significantly greater percentage of KUL01+ macrophages than cells isolated from line 15I birds (p < 0.01) and, when stimulated ex vivo with LPS, showed more rapid up-regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression than those from line 15I birds. We hypothesize that a more rapid induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in bursal cells following IBDV infection leads to more severe disease in line W birds than in line 15I.

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