scholarly journals Sensitivity and specificity of morphological assessment of bacteria in the urine by microscopic examination of unstained urinary sediments

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Koji Nakajima ◽  
Akihiko Sugimoto ◽  
Kotone Nakanishi ◽  
Hiroyuki Akebo ◽  
Noriyuki Abe
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Morphological Assessment

scholarly journals Morphological assessment of the mucous membranes of the bladder and vagina in chronic cystitis in women

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
I.I. Tityaev ◽  
◽  
K.V. Udalov ◽  
B.I. Aizikovich ◽  
S.V. Savchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Chronic Cystitis ◽  
Microcirculatory System ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Recurrent Cystitis ◽  
Morphological Assessment

The study involved 107 women aged 20 to 52 years with chronic recurrent cystitis (57 of them with leukoplakia) developing under conditions of a pathogenic and/or opportunistic infection. All patients underwent a conventional clinical and instrumental examination. Biopsy samples for culture-based and microscopic examination were taken from the area of the Pawlik’s trigone of the vagina and the Lieutaud’s trigone of the urinary bladder, in case of leukoplakia — from the field of visually healthy tissue. The carried out cytomorphological analysis and assessment of pathological processes in the adjacent tissues suggest that the infection from the vagina penetrates through the intersynaptic clefts, interstitial cell nests, the blood and lymphatic microcirculatory system into the bladder, causing cystitis inherent changes — from initial morphological forms to rough ones, up to leukoplakia. A complex of clinical, functional and pathomorphological changes that fit into the framework of the chronic cystovaginitis concept was identified.

Sensitivity and specificity of microscopic examination of gallbladder bile for gallstone recognition and identification

1988 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 1339-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Jose Ramond ◽  
Micheline Dumont ◽  
Jacques Belghiti ◽  
Serge Erlinger
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Gallbladder Bile

Comparative evaluation of different diagnostic tests for B. gibsoni in dogs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Kushwaha ◽  
Debabrata Mondal ◽  
Karam Pal Singh ◽  
Rashmi Ranjan Mahapatra
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Babesia Gibsoni ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Signet Ring ◽  
Negative Condition ◽  
The Common

Babesia gibsoni is the common cause of canine babesiosis in India. Its diagnosis by conventional diagnostic methods result in false negative condition, particularly in those cases in which parasitemia is low. Therefore the present study employed IFAT and PCR along with microscopic examination to overcome this situation. Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears revealed presence of small pear-shaped, oval or signet ring shaped B. gibsoni within the erythrocytes of 1.34 % dogs. IFAT and PCR detected a total of 1.80 % and 1.82 % dogs positive for B. gibsoni, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of IFAT was 93.10% and 88.89%, respectively whereas, sensitivity and specificity of microscopic examination was 71.26% and 95.56%, respectively. The agreement of IFAT and microscopic examination with PCR was 82.30% and 60.73%, respectively. The agreement between IFAT and microscopy was 60.99%. Therefore, IFAT is considered to be highly sensitive test for diagnosing B. gibsoni in subclinically or chronically infected dogs with significantly low level of parasitemia.

scholarly journals Assessment of Microscopic detection of Malaria with Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction in War-torn Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Nadeem ◽  
Aamer Ali Khattak ◽  
Adnan Yaqoob ◽  
Usman Ayub Awan ◽  
Nadia Zeeshan
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Microscopic Detection ◽  
Tribal Areas ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Abstract Background: Diagnostic accuracy of malaria is critical for early treatment, control, and elimination of malaria, especially in war-affected malaria endemic areas. Microscopic detection of Plasmodium species has been the gold standard in remote malaria-endemic regions. However, the diagnostic accuracy is still questioned, especially in discriminating mixed and submicroscopic parasitic levels. This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of microscopic examination against nested PCR analysis in war-torn malaria-endemic Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. Methods: Venous blood samples were collected from symptomatic patients for microscopic examination and nested PCR analysis from January 2016 - December 2016 from five Agencies (Bajaur, Mohmand, Khyber, Orakzai and Kurram Agency) and four Frontier Regions (Peshawar, Kohat, Bannu, and Dera Ismail Khan Frontier Region) of FATA. Malaria-positive isolates were confirmed by nested PCR (targeting Plasmodium small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid (ssrRNA) genes) for speciation. Results: Among enrolled participants, 762 were found positive for malaria parasite on microscopic examination of the blood film. P. vivax was found in 623, P. falciparum in 132 and 7 were diagnosed with mixed infection (P. vivax and P. falciparum coinfection). Nested PCR detected Plasmodium infection in 679 samples (523 P. vivax, 121 P. falciparum, and 35 mixed infections). Compared with microscopy, the sensitivity of nested PCR was 98.94%, and specificity was 98.27%, while the sensitivity and specificity of slide microscopy 89.34% and 87.99% respectively. Conclusion: The conventional microscopy method has low sensitivity to detect mixed infection as compared to nested PCR. High sensitivity and specificity observed in nested PCR makes this molecular tool a useful technique for monitoring, controlling, and eliminating malaria-endemic regions.

Evaluation of wondfo rapid diagnostic kit (Pf-HRP2/PAN-pLDH) for diagnosis of malaria by using nano-gold immunochromatographic assay

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlin Wu ◽  
Yunping Peng ◽  
Xiaoyun Liu ◽  
Wenmei Li ◽  
Shixing Tang
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Immunochromatographic Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Assay ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Nano Gold ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Patient Specimen

AbstractPrompt and accurate diagnosis is necessary to start adequate treatment for different affecting species including P. falciparum and P. vivax. Here we described the Wondfo Rapid diagnostic Kit (Pf-HRP2/PAN-pLDH) for the detection of P. falciparum and pan-plasmodium in patient specimen by using a nano-gold immunochromatographic assay. Our rapid assay adapted nano-gold labeling techniques and the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against both histidine rich protein-2 (Pf HRP-2) of P. falciparum and pan plasmodium-specific pLDH (pan pLDH). The established two-antibody sandwich immunochromatographic assay could detect P. falciparum and pan-plasmodium. The sensitivity and specificity of Wondfo rapid diagnostic kit were determined by comparing with the “gold standard” of microscopic examination of blood smears. In this study1023 blood samples were collected from outpatient clinics in China and Burma, and detected by both Wondfo kit and microscopic examination. The detection sensitivity and specificity of Wondfo rapid diagnostic kit were 96.46% and 99.67% for P. falciparum (HRP2), 95.03% and 99.24% for pLDH, 96.83% and 99.74% for non-falciparum species, 96.70% and 99.74% for P. vivax, respectively. These results indicate that Wondfo rapid diagnostic assay may be useful for detecting P. falciparum and non-P. falciparum (especially P.v.) in patient specimen.

scholarly journals Hasil Diagnostik Mycobacterium Tuberculosis pada Pasien dengan Batuk 2 Minggu Menggunakan Pewarnaan Ziehl-Neelsen Di Poliklinik Paru Rumkit Tingkat III Robert Wolter Mongisidi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y.I. Djakaria ◽  
Fredine E.S. Rares ◽  
John Porotu'o
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis

Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causal bacteria of lung tuberculosis in human. These bacteria are classified into acid-resistant bacilli. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis can be established by microscopic examination of sputum with acid resistant bacilli dyes inter alia Ziehl-Neelsen which has high sensitivity and specificity. This was a descriptive experimental study to determine the existence of M. tuberculosis in the sputum of patients suffering from cough  2 weeks at Pulmonary Polyclinic of Rumkit Tingkat III Robert Wolter Mongisidi. The results obtained 74 samples consisting of 47 males and 27 females. Based on the age group, there were 2 samples of 15-24 years; 3 samples of 25-34 years; 5 samples of 45-54 years; 5 samples of 55-64 years; 2 samples of  65 years; none of 35-44 years old. There were 17 TB positive samples and 57 TB negative samples. Most of the TB positive samples were females (11 of 17 samples) and of age group 45-54 years as well as of 55-64 years. Conclusion: Most of the TB positive patients were female, and aged 45-64 years old.Keywords: Cough of more than 2 weeks, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, lung tuberculosis Abstrak: Mycobacterium tuberculosis merupakan bakteri agen penyebab penyakit tuberkulosis (TB) pada manusia yang sering menginfeksi paru-paru. Bakteri ini digolongkan ke dalam basil tahan asam (BTA). Untuk menegakkan diagnosis TB dapat dilakukan dengan fasilitas sederhana dan memberi sensitivitas serta spesifisitas yang cukup tinggi yaitu pemeriksaan sputum dengan pewarnaan Ziehl-Neelsen. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif eksperimental untuk menentukan ada tidaknya Mycobacterium tuberculosis pada sputum pasien batuk 2 minggu di Poliklinik Paru Rumkit Tingkat III Robert Wolter Mongisidi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-November 2017. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 74 sampel terdiri dari 47 laki-laki dan 27 perempuan. Berdasarkan kelompok usia didapatkan 2 sampel usia 15-24 tahun; 3 sampel usia 25-34 tahun; 5 sampel usia 45-54 tahun; 5 sampel usia 55-64 tahun; dan 2 sampel usia 65 tahun. Tidak ada sampel pada usia 35-44 tahun. Pada pemeriksaan sputum ditemukan BTA positif pada 17 sampel dan BTA negatif pada 57 sampel. Pemeriksaan sputum dengan BTA positif terbanyak didapatkan pada jenis kelamin perempuan (11 dari 17 sampel), serta kelompok usia 45-54 tahun dan 55-64 tahun. Simpulan: Sebagian besar pengidap tuberkulosis berjenis kelamin perempuan dan berusia 45-64 tahun.Kata kunci: batuk 2 minggu, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, TB paru

scholarly journals Correlation of Trichomonas vaginalis to bacterial vaginosis: a laboratory-based study

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki ◽  
Douaa Raafat ◽  
Wafaa El Emshaty ◽  
Manar Sobh Azab ◽  
Hossam Goda
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Score System ◽  
Nugent Score ◽  
Wet Mount ◽  
Score Method

Background: This  study aimed to define the occurrence of different organisms causing vulvovaginitis; to evaluate different laboratory methods used for diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis); and to evaluate the direct score system and clue cell method compared with culture for diagnosis of bacterial and T. vaginalis vaginosis. Methodology:  Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed for 110 patients. Laboratory methods used for bacteriological diagnosis were direct Gram staining for clue cells and scoring by Nugent score system and bacterial culture. T. vaginalis was identified by wet mount microscopic examination, culture, direct Gram, Giemsa staining and acridine orange (AO). Results: The Nugent score method revealed that the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of vaginal discharge by direct rapid microscopic methods were 30% and 80% and for clue cells sensitivity and specificity were 37% and 75% respectively for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis compared to culture. For diagnosis of T. vaginalis, the Nugent score method revealed that the sensitivity and specificity were 60% and 90% respectively, and for clue cells 75% and 80% respectively. For microcopic methods used for T. vaginalis only, the Gram stain and Giemsa stain sensitivities were poor (15.2% and 48.5%, respectively). Wet mount showed reasonable sensitivity of 75.8%. Acridine orange sensitivity was 93.9% and specificity was 97.5%, Conclusion: Prevalent pathogens associated with vaginitis were (Gardnerella vaginalis) G. vaginalis, T. vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis (M. hominis). Wet mount microscopic examination, acridine orange, and high Nugent score were found as rapid and sensitive methods for diagnosis of T. vaginalis.

Properties of Isolated Mitochondria of Agaricus Bisporus: Their Relationship to Dormancy and the Germination of Spores

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
K. S. McCarty ◽  
R. F. Weave ◽  
L. Kemper ◽  
F. S. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Isolated Mitochondria ◽  
Dna Strands ◽  
Cytoplasmic Ribosomes

During the prodromal stages of sporulation in the Basidiomycete, Agaricus bisporus, mitochondria accumulate in the basidial cells, zygotes, in the gill tissues prior to entry of these mitochondria, together with two haploid nuclei and cytoplasmic ribosomes, into the exospores. The mitochondria contain prominent loci of DNA [Fig. 1]. A modified Kleinschmidt spread technique1 has been used to evaluate the DNA strands from purified whole mitochondria released by osmotic shock, mitochondrial DNA purified on CsCl gradients [density = 1.698 gms/cc], and DNA purified on ethidium bromide CsCl gradients. The DNA appeared as linear strands up to 25 u in length and circular forms 2.2-5.2 u in circumference. In specimens prepared by osmotic shock, many strands of DNA are apparently attached to membrane fragments [Fig. 2]. When mitochondria were ruptured in hypotonic sucrose and then fixed in glutaraldehyde, the ribosomes were released for electron microscopic examination.

Artifact-free electron microscopic immunocytochemistry on rat brain tissue

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Veronika Burmeister ◽  
N. Ludvig ◽  
P.C. Jobe
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Rat Brain Tissue ◽  
Immune Rabbit

Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry provides an important tool to determine the ultrastructural distribution of various molecules in both normal and pathologic tissues. However, the specific immunostaining may be obscured by artifactual immunoreaction product, misleading the investigator. Previous observations show that shortening the incubation period with the primary antibody from the generally used 12-24 hours to 1 hour substantially reduces the artifactual immunostaining. We now extend this finding by the demonstration of artifact-free ultrastructural localization of the Ca2/calmodulindependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CaM-dependent PDE) immunoreactivity in brain.Anesthetized rats were perfused transcardially with phosphate-buffered saline followed by a fixative containing paraformaldehyde (4%) and glutaraldehyde (0.25%) in PBS. The brains were removed, and 40μm sections were cut with a vibratome. The sections were processed for immunocytochemistry as described by Ludvig et al. Both non-immune rabbit serum and specific CaM-dependent PDE antibodies were used. In both experiments incubations were at one hour and overnight. The immunostained sections were processed for electron microscopic examination.

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