scholarly journals Hasil Diagnostik Mycobacterium Tuberculosis pada Pasien dengan Batuk 2 Minggu Menggunakan Pewarnaan Ziehl-Neelsen Di Poliklinik Paru Rumkit Tingkat III Robert Wolter Mongisidi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y.I. Djakaria ◽  
Fredine E.S. Rares ◽  
John Porotu'o
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis

Abstract: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causal bacteria of lung tuberculosis in human. These bacteria are classified into acid-resistant bacilli. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis can be established by microscopic examination of sputum with acid resistant bacilli dyes inter alia Ziehl-Neelsen which has high sensitivity and specificity. This was a descriptive experimental study to determine the existence of M. tuberculosis in the sputum of patients suffering from cough  2 weeks at Pulmonary Polyclinic of Rumkit Tingkat III Robert Wolter Mongisidi. The results obtained 74 samples consisting of 47 males and 27 females. Based on the age group, there were 2 samples of 15-24 years; 3 samples of 25-34 years; 5 samples of 45-54 years; 5 samples of 55-64 years; 2 samples of  65 years; none of 35-44 years old. There were 17 TB positive samples and 57 TB negative samples. Most of the TB positive samples were females (11 of 17 samples) and of age group 45-54 years as well as of 55-64 years. Conclusion: Most of the TB positive patients were female, and aged 45-64 years old.Keywords: Cough of more than 2 weeks, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, lung tuberculosis Abstrak: Mycobacterium tuberculosis merupakan bakteri agen penyebab penyakit tuberkulosis (TB) pada manusia yang sering menginfeksi paru-paru. Bakteri ini digolongkan ke dalam basil tahan asam (BTA). Untuk menegakkan diagnosis TB dapat dilakukan dengan fasilitas sederhana dan memberi sensitivitas serta spesifisitas yang cukup tinggi yaitu pemeriksaan sputum dengan pewarnaan Ziehl-Neelsen. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif eksperimental untuk menentukan ada tidaknya Mycobacterium tuberculosis pada sputum pasien batuk 2 minggu di Poliklinik Paru Rumkit Tingkat III Robert Wolter Mongisidi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-November 2017. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 74 sampel terdiri dari 47 laki-laki dan 27 perempuan. Berdasarkan kelompok usia didapatkan 2 sampel usia 15-24 tahun; 3 sampel usia 25-34 tahun; 5 sampel usia 45-54 tahun; 5 sampel usia 55-64 tahun; dan 2 sampel usia 65 tahun. Tidak ada sampel pada usia 35-44 tahun. Pada pemeriksaan sputum ditemukan BTA positif pada 17 sampel dan BTA negatif pada 57 sampel. Pemeriksaan sputum dengan BTA positif terbanyak didapatkan pada jenis kelamin perempuan (11 dari 17 sampel), serta kelompok usia 45-54 tahun dan 55-64 tahun. Simpulan: Sebagian besar pengidap tuberkulosis berjenis kelamin perempuan dan berusia 45-64 tahun.Kata kunci: batuk 2 minggu, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, TB paru

scholarly journals GAMBARAN BASIL TAHAN ASAM (BTA) POSITIF PADA PENDERITA DIAGNOSA KLINIS TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM SITTI MARYAM MANADO PERIODE JANUARI 2014 S/D JUNI 2014

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Velma Buntuan
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Microscopical Examination ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Diagnosis ◽  
Positive Results

Absract: Tuberculosis is an acute or chronic infectious disease caused by Gram positive bacil, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which predominantly infect the lungs. The diagnosis of lung tuberculosis in adults is based on the finding of these mycobacyteria in the microscopical examination of sputum. This was a descriptive experimental study to obtain the mycobacteria in patients’ sputum stained with Ziehl Neelsen method. Subjects were outpatients and inpatients clinically diagnosed as tuberculosis at the Internal Department of Sitti Maryam Hospital in Manado. The results showed that of 87 samples, there were 48 males (55%) and 39 females (45%). Age groups of 0-15 years consisted of 1 sample (1%); 16-20 years 0 sample (0%); 21-60 years 79 samples (91%); and >60 years 7 samples (8%). The microscopical examination showed positive results in 27 samples (37.0%) and negative results in 60 samples (69.0%). Conclusion: Mycobacterium tubercuosis infections were more frequent in males than in females. The most frequent age group was productive age, and the least frequent ages were children and teenagers. The number of positive results of sputum examination for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were less than negative results.Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, lung tuberculosis.Abstrak: Tuberkulosis paru adalah penyakit yang menular akut maupun kronis yang terutama menyerang paru, yang disebabkan oleh bakteri tahan asam (BTA) berbentuk batang yang bersifat Gram positif (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Diagnosis tuberkulosis paru pada dewasa dapat ditegakkan dengan ditemukan BTA pada pemeriksaan mikroskopik dahak. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif ekperimental untuk menemukan kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis pada sputum penderita dengan diagnosa klinis tuberkulosis di Poliklinik dan Rawat Inap Penyakit Dalam RSI Sitti Maryam Manado. Teknik pewarnaan BTA menggunakan metode Ziehl Neelsen. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 87 sampel, 48 sampel (55%) berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 39 sampel (45%) berjenis kelamin perempuan. Jumlah sampel untuk kelompok usia 0-15 tahun sebesar 1 sampel (1%); 16-20 tahun 0 sampel (0%); 21-60 tahun 79 sampel (91%); dan >60 tahun 7 sampel (8%). Pada pemeriksaan sputum ditemukan BTA pada 27 sampel (37,0%) sedangkan pada 60 sampel (69,0%) tidak ditemukan. Simpulan: Pengidap tuberkulosis berjenis kelamin laki-laki lebih banyak dari pada perempuan, dengan kelompok usia tersering pada usia produktif dan paling sedikit pada usia anak dan remaja. Pemeriksaan sputum BTA positip lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan BTA Negatip.Kata kunci: BTA, tuberkulosis paru.

scholarly journals Poor Performance of a Novel Serological Test for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Bangui, Central African Republic

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 702-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Kassa-Kelembho ◽  
Edith Kassa ◽  
Germain Zandanga ◽  
Yves-Brillant Service ◽  
Albert Ignaleamoko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients

ABSTRACT We assessed the performance of a serological test for tuberculosis (SDHO Laboratories Inc., Canada) in our setting. Among 68 of 99 suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients who were scored as having tuberculosis on the basis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-positive culture, the sensitivity of the serological test was lower than that of sputum smear microscopic examination (20.6% versus 80.9%, respectively; P < 0.000001).

scholarly journals Diagnostic challenges and Gene-Xpert utility in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis among suspected cases of Pulmonary tuberculosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251858
Author(s):  
Shaila Kabir ◽  
M. Tanveer Hossain Parash ◽  
Nor Amalina Emran ◽  
A. B. M. Tofazzal Hossain ◽  
Sadia Choudhury Shimmi
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Smear Negative

The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) can be reduced by preventing transmission with rapid and precise case detection and early treatment. The Gene-Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a useful tool for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) with rifampicin resistance within approximately two hours by using a nucleic acid amplification technique. This study was designed to reduce the underdiagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary TB and to assess the clinical and radiological characteristics of PTB patients. This cross-sectional study included 235 participants who went to the Luyang primary health care clinic from September 2016 to June 2017. The demographic data were analyzed to investigate the association of patient gender, age group, and ethnicity by chi-square test. To assess the efficacy of the diagnostic test, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were calculated. The area under the curve for sputum for both AFB and gene-Xpert was analyzed to compare their accuracy in diagnosing TB. In this study, TB was more common in males than in females. The majority (50.71%) of the cases belonged to the 25–44-year-old age group and the Bajau ethnicity (57.74%). Out of 50 pulmonary TB cases (smear-positive with AFB staining), 49 samples were positive according to the Gene-Xpert MTB/RIF assay and was confirmed by MTB culture. However, out of 185 smear-negative presumptive cases, 21 cases were positive by Gene-Xpert MTB/RIF assay in that a sample showed drug resistance, and these results were confirmed by MTB culture, showing resistance to isoniazid. In comparison to sputum for AFB, Gene-Xpert showed more sensitivity and specificity with almost complete accuracy. The additional 21 PTB cases detection from the presumptive cases by GeneXpert had significant impact compared to initial observation by the routine tests which overcame the diagnostic challenges and ambiguities.

scholarly journals Sensitivitas Metode Pemeriksaan Mikroskopis Fluorokrom dan Ziehl-Neelsen untuk Deteksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis pada Sputum

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
BETTY SURYAWATI ◽  
LELI SAPTAWATI ◽  
ASTARI FEBYANE PUTRI ◽  
JATU APHRIDASARI
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Fluorochrome Staining ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Tuberculosis Diagnosis

<p class="AbstractNormal"><em>Background: Detection of fast acid bacteria (FAB) using smear microscopy is used as a primary screening for tuberculosis diagnosis. Previous studies have shown that fluorochrome </em>(<em>Auroamine-rhodamine</em>) <em>staining showed better sensitivity compared to Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method in the detection of FAB in sputum. However this method has not been recommended for routine use including in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of fluorochrome compared to ZN to detect FAB in patient’s sputum.</em><em></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em>Methods: </em><em>This study analyzed 60 sputum samples from patients with tuberculosis and suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Samples were obtained consecutively from microbiology laboratory</em><em> Moewardi Hospital, Indonesia. Each sample was examined using ZN and fluorochrome staining and cultured in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium.</em><em> Data were analyzed using sensitivity and spesificity tests.</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em>Results: ZN staining detected FAB in 12 samples (10%), while fluorochrome detected FAB in 17 samples (28%). The sensitivity and specificity of ZN staining were 70% and 90% while these for fluorochrome were 90% and 84%. </em><em></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em>Conclusions: The sensitivity of fluorochrome staining is better compared to ZN staining. This method can be recommended for early detection of tuberculosis.</em><em></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em> </em></p>

scholarly journals A Novel, High-sensitivity, Bacteriophage-based Assay Identifies Low-level Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacteremia in Immunocompetent Patients With Active and Incipient Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Verma ◽  
Benjamin M C Swift ◽  
Wade Handley-Hartill ◽  
Joanne K Lee ◽  
Gerrit Woltmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Blood Assay ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

AbstractThe haematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is critical to the pathogenesis of progressive tuberculous infections in animal models. Using a novel, phage-based blood assay, we report the first concordant evidence in well-characterized, immunocompetent human cohorts, demonstrating associations of Mtb bacteremia with progressive phenotypes of latent infection and active pulmonary tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms in the stools of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Microbiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. 2384-2389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amel El Khéchine ◽  
Mireille Henry ◽  
Didier Raoult ◽  
Michel Drancourt
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli

The laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis mainly relies on the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) organisms in the sputum. In patients who do not give sputum, alternative respiratory tract specimens can be obtained only by invasive procedures. Based on the known survival of MTC organisms in the gastric fluid, we hypothesized that swallowed MTC organisms would be detectable in stool samples. We compared the presence of MTC organisms in respiratory tract specimens and stool specimens collected in parallel from the same patients. MTC was detected in cultures grown on egg-based medium after appropriate decontamination, by microscopic examination after Ziehl–Neelsen staining and by real-time PCR detection of IS6110 using internal controls. A case of pulmonary tuberculosis was defined by the presence of (i) clinical and radiological signs and symptoms suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis, and (ii) culture of MTC organisms from at least one respiratory tract specimen or (iii) the presence of acid-fast bacilli in the sputum that were subsequently identified as MTC organisms by real-time PCR. The observation of 134 patients suspected to be suffering pulmonary tuberculosis led to the identification of 24 cases and 110 non-infected control patients. Cases and controls did not significantly differ with respect to sex but cases were significantly younger than controls. The sensitivity/specificity was 37.5 %/100 % for the microscopic examination of stools, 54.2 %/100 % for culturing and 100 %/97.3 % for real-time PCR. The positive predicted value was 100 %, 100 % and 88.9 %, respectively, and the negative predicted value was 88 %, 90.9 % and 100 %, respectively. In four patients, a stool specimen initially yielded the correct diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis before evaluation of the respiratory tract specimen confirmed the diagnosis. These data indicate that stools could be used in conjunction with sputum testing or as an alternative specimen upon which to base the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis by molecular identification of acid-fast bacilli and culture. This non-invasive alternative procedure is of particular interest for patients who cannot expectorate.

scholarly journals Language evaluation protocol for children aged 2 months to 23 months: analysis of sensitivity and specificity

CoDAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludimila Labanca ◽  
Cláudia Regina Lindgren Alves ◽  
Lidia Lourenço Cunha Bragança ◽  
Diego Dias Ramos Dorim ◽  
Cristina Gonçalves Alvim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Behavior Observation ◽  
Evaluation Protocol ◽  
Cutoff Points

Purpose: To establish cutoff points for the analysis of the Behavior Observation Form (BOF) of children in the ages of 2 to 23 months and evaluate the sensitivity and specificity by age group and domains (Emission, Reception, and Cognitive Aspects of Language). Methods: The sample consisted of 752 children who underwent BOF. Each child was classified as having appropriate language development for the age or having possible risk of language impairment. Performance Indicators (PI) were calculated in each domain as well as the overall PI in all domains. The values for sensitivity and specificity were also calculated. The cutoff points for possible risk of language impairment for each domain and each age group were obtained using the receiver operating characteristics curve. Results: The results of the study revealed that one-third of the assessed children have a risk of language impairment in the first two years of life. The analysis of BOF showed high sensitivity (>90%) in all categories and in all age groups; however, the chance of false-positive results was higher than 20% in the majority of aspects evaluated. It was possible to establish the cutoff points for all categories and age groups with good correlation between sensitivity and specificity, except for the age group of 2 to 6 months. Conclusion: This study provides important contributions to the discussion on the evaluation of the language development of children younger than 2 years.

scholarly journals Quantification of circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen peptides allows rapid diagnosis of active disease and treatment monitoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (15) ◽  
pp. 3969-3974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Zhen Zhao ◽  
Jia Fan ◽  
Christopher J. Lyon ◽  
Hung-Jen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Silicon Nanoparticles ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Peptide Fragments ◽  
Energy Focusing

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health threat, resulting in an urgent unmet need for a rapid, non–sputum-based quantitative test to detect active Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections in clinically diverse populations and quickly assess Mtb treatment responses for emerging drug-resistant strains. We have identified Mtb-specific peptide fragments and developed a method to rapidly quantify their serum concentrations, using antibody-labeled and energy-focusing porous discoidal silicon nanoparticles (nanodisks) and high-throughput mass spectrometry (MS) to enhance sensitivity and specificity. NanoDisk-MS diagnosed active Mtb cases with high sensitivity and specificity in a case-control study with cohorts reflecting the complexity of clinical practice. Similar robust sensitivities were obtained for cases of culture-positive pulmonary TB (PTB; 91.3%) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB; 92.3%), and the sensitivities obtained for culture-negative PTB (82.4%) and EPTB (75.0%) in HIV-positive patients significantly outperformed those reported for other available assays. NanoDisk-MS also exhibited high specificity (87.1–100%) in both healthy and high-risk groups. Absolute quantification of serum Mtb antigen concentration was informative in assessing responses to antimycobacterial treatment. Thus, a NanoDisk-MS assay approach could significantly improve the diagnosis and management of active TB cases, and perhaps other infectious diseases as well.

scholarly journals Development of a two-step nucleic acid amplification test for accurate diagnosis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Ru Lin ◽  
Hsin-Yao Wang ◽  
Ting-Wei Lin ◽  
Jang-Jih Lu ◽  
Jason Chia-Hsun Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Amplification Efficiency ◽  
Pcr Assay

AbstractThe Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) remains one of the top 10 leading causes of death globally. The early diagnosis of MTBC can reduce mortality and mitigate disease transmission. However, current nucleic acid amplification diagnostic test methods are generally time-consuming and show suboptimal diagnostic performance, especially in extrapulmonary MTBC samples or acid-fast stain (AFS)-negative cases. Thus, development of an accurate assay for the diagnosis of MTBC is necessary, particularly under the above mentioned conditions. In this study, a single-tube nested real-time PCR assay (N-RTP) was developed and compared with a newly in-house-developed high-sensitivity real-time PCR assay (HS-RTP) using 134 clinical specimens (including 73 pulmonary and 61 extrapulmonary specimens). The amplification efficiency of HS-RTP and N-RTP was 99.8% and 100.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of HS-RTP and N-RTP for the diagnosis of MTBC in these specimens were 97.5% (77/79) versus 94.9% (75/79) and 80.0% (44/55) versus 89.1% (49/55), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of HS-RTP and N-RTP for the diagnosis of MTBC in pulmonary specimens were 96.3% (52/54) versus 96.3% (52/54) and 73.7.0% (14/19) versus 89.5% (17/19), respectively; in extrapulmonary specimens, the sensitivity and specificity of HS-RTP and N-RTP were 100% (25/25) versus 92% (23/25) and 83.3% (30/36) versus 88.9% (32/36), respectively. Among the AFS-negative cases, the sensitivity and specificity of HS-RTP and N-RTP were 97.0% (32/33) versus 90.9% (30/33) and 88.0% (44/50) versus 92.0% (46/50), respectively. Overall, the sensitivity of HS-RTP was higher than that of N-RTP, and the performance was not compromised in extrapulmonary specimens and under AFS-negative conditions. In contrast, the specificity of the N-RTP assay was higher than that of the HS-RTP assay in all types of specimens. In conclusion, the HS-RTP assay would be useful for screening patients suspected of exhibiting an MTBC infection due to its higher sensitivity, while the N-RTP assay could be used for confirmation because of its higher specificity. Our results provide a two-step method (screen to confirm) that simultaneously achieves high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of MTBC.

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