scholarly journals THE RECOGNITION OF EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATIONS IN THE GLOBAL COMPACT MARRAKECH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Moška ◽  
Peter Plavčan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Compact ◽  
Member States ◽  
Language Courses ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
International Document

This text provides an overview of the international document on the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular migration, alongside other international documents, in particular issued by the European Union, on the recognition of professional qualifications. Comments on the individual provisions of the document are also provided in connection with possible application practice. It is based on the current state of migration in Europe and the world, and explains the causes and consequences, details of migratory waves and the consequences of non-compliance with legal regulations by individual states in this area. In addition, the Global Compact is characterized, and the positive impacts and the requirements on important facts that are crucial for migrants in the receiving states are outlined. The negative impacts of migration in the social, economic and cultural spheres are also described. The text lists one of the 23 objectives of the Global Compact, namely the development of skills and the mutual recognition of skills, qualifications and competences. It highlights the risks of recognizing education and qualifications from the point of view of regulated and unregulated professions in the Member States of the European Union. This issue is governed by special regulations. Finally, the European Union Member States are recommended to focus on the actual employability of migrants on their labour markets by focusing on language courses for migrants, social assistance and, in particular, on organizing specialized courses for migrants to carry out specific activities in the field of specific occupations with employers in unregulated professions. Of course, the performance of regulated migrant professions is also proposed when meeting the requirements. Key words: global framework, migration, recognition of professional qualifications, international document.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Dynamic Changes in Selected Areas of Sustainable Development of the European Union Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Bąk ◽  
Katarzyna Cheba
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The aim of the study is to determine the pace and directions of changes (understood as: improvement or deterioration) occurring in selected areas of sustainable development of EU Member States. The paper analyzes dynamics of changes in selected areas of sustainable development monitored on the basis of headline indicators published by Eurostat from 2008 to 2015. In the paper, three variants of reference points of synthetic measure of development were considered. On the basis of the obtained results, the countries in which the improvement in the sustainable development and its deterioration can be observed were identified. The results have confirmed the existence of significant developmental disparities between EU Member States in this field, but it should be noted that the obtained results depend on the methodological approach both to the selection of features and the adoption of a specific standardization formula, as well as the considered variants of reference points. The results obtained can be utilized in subsequent years to examine the directions of change observed both from the point of view of European Union as one organization, and the individual EU Member States.

5. The Supremacy of EU Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-165
Author(s):  
Nigel Foster
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
Member States ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Individual

This chapter examines the supremacy of EU law from both the point of view of the Union, as understood by the Court of Justice of the European Union, and the point of view of member states. A consensus seems to be emerging from the national and constitutional courts that EU law supremacy is accepted only in so far as it does not infringe the individual rights protection of the national constitutions, in which case the constitutional courts will exercise their reserved rights over national constitutions to uphold them over inconsistent EU law or to review EU law in light of their own constitutions.

scholarly journals European Regional Inequalities: The Other Face of Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Celeste Perrucchini ◽  
Hiroshi Ito
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Per Capita

Empirical evidence suggests an overall convergence in terms of GDP and per capita income occurring among the European Union (EU) Member States. Nevertheless, economic inequalities have been increasing at the regional level within European Union countries. Through the review of relevant literature, this study analyzes the increasing inequalities from an economical point of view, focusing on Italy and the UK as examples. First, a general overlook of the empirical evidence of the GDP and per capita income at national and sub-national levels will be presented. Second, an explanation of the possible causes of the results will be proposed through the use of economical and sociological theories. The findings of this research might uncover the relative inefficacy of EU Cohesion policies and point towards the necessity for deeper and more thoughtful measures to continue the convergence of Member States while preserving internal equilibria. This paper ends with discussions for the future directions of the EU.

The framing of argumentation in the making of a political editorial

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Burger ◽  
Laura Delaloye
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Writing Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Verbal Protocol ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Normative Expectations ◽  
The Individual

This paper aims at pointing out the normative expectations constraining political editorials. We adopt an internal perspective focusing on the process of “making” an editorial: how and why is argumentation constructed and what is at stake with it from the journalistic point of view. The focus is on the making of an editorial on David’s Cameron speech about his plans for a referendum on British membership of the European Union. Taking into account the editorial conferences where the topic is discussed as well as the writing process and the verbal protocol leading to proper comments by the journalist himself on the making of the text, we analyze in detail the emergent normative expectations and the individual credos of argumentation in the editorial.

scholarly journals Assessable learning outcomes for the EU Education and Training Framework core and Function A specific modules: Report of an ETPLAS WORKING Group

2020 ◽  
pp. 002367722096858
Author(s):  
Ismene A Dontas ◽  
Kenneth Applebee ◽  
Martje Fentener van Vlissingen ◽  
Viola Galligioni ◽  
Katerina Marinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Training

Article 23(2) of the European Union Directive 2010/63/EU, which regulates welfare provisions for animals used for scientific purposes, requires that staff involved in the care and use of animals for scientific purposes be adequately educated and trained before they undertake any such work. However, the nature and extent of such training is not stipulated in the Directive. To facilitate Member States in fulfilling their education and training obligations, the European Commission developed a common Education and Training Framework, which was endorsed by the Member States Competent Authorities. An Education & Training Platform for Laboratory Animal Science (ETPLAS) Working Group was recently established to develop further guidance to the Learning Outcomes in the Framework, with the objective to clarify the levels of knowledge and understanding required by trainees, and to provide the criteria by which these Learning Outcomes should be assessed. Using the Framework document as a starting point, assessment criteria for the Learning Outcomes of the modules required for Function A persons (carrying out procedures on animals) for rats, mice and zebrafish were created with sufficient detail to enable trainees, providers and assessors to appreciate the level of knowledge, understanding and skills required to pass each module. Adoption and utilization of this document by training providers and accrediting or approving bodies will harmonize introductory education and training for those involved in the care and use of animals for scientific purposes within the European Union, promote mutual recognition of training within and between Member States and therefore free movement of personnel.

scholarly journals Jurisdiction Collisions In The Criminal Proceedings Of European Union Member States

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-105
Author(s):  
Raimundas Jurka ◽  
Jolanta Zajančkauskienė
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Member States ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Ne Bis In Idem

Abstract Employing systematic document analysis and other methods, this article analyses a long-standing and still relevant issue related to the interpretation and application of the law regulating relationships in the field of European Union criminal justice within the framework of the national criminal proceedings that are taking place in EU member states. The article places special emphasis on the explanation and application of the principle of mutual recognition within the framework of one of the newest instruments of international cooperation in the European Union criminal proceedings meant to prevent conflicts of exercise of jurisdiction and to solve issues arising between two or more member states. The analysis of conflicts of exercise of jurisdiction provided in this paper is not limited to a mere explanation of the concept as such, but includes an essential analysis of other related issues, such as the principle of mutual recognition, its influence on the recognition of criminal proceedings as parallel proceedings, and including other aspects related to the matching of the form of national criminal proceedings with the criminal proceedings taking place in another member state. Finally, significant attention is given to one of the objectives in terms of prevention and solution of conflicts of exercise of jurisdiction, namely, the ne bis in idem principle and its application in case of parallel criminal proceedings taking place in two or more member states. One of the key conclusions offered here is that in order to eliminate conflicts of exercise of jurisdiction, positive law in the process of conflicts of jurisdiction must become an effective measure in criminal justice; however, only on the condition that at least a minimum likelihood in the form of criminal proceedings adopted by different EU members states is ensured as a precondition necessary to enable a smooth application of the principle of mutual recognition.

scholarly journals Aspects of The Evolution of Enterprises in Member States of The European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Petrică Sorin Angheluță ◽  
Dumitru Alexandru Bodislav ◽  
Maria Loredana Popescu ◽  
Florina Bran
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Industrial Base ◽  
Foreign Affiliates ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
The Way

A solid industrial base positively influences society as a whole. Business development is favored by the degree to which companies are active in the market. The article presents an analysis of employment in companies active in the Member States of the European Union. The evolution of the establishment of active enterprises according to their branches of activity is also addressed. Openness to local markets can lead to successful business activities. Cooperation between different companies can also be facilitated by new technologies. From the point of view of mobility, employment in foreign affiliates of domestic enterprises is another subdomain analyzed in the article. The way in which companies approach the field of expenditure can influence their activity. Thus, by increasing technological capacities and promoting innovation, technological development measures lead to the development of enterprises. The article presents an analysis of the way in which expenditure is shared at the level of enterprises in the Member States of the European Union.

scholarly journals Administrative Acts of the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Marek Jaśkowski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Member States ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Administrative Act ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Eu

In light of the transfer of the non-negligible extent of administrative competences from member states to the EU it is important not to deprive the interested individuals of legal guarantees, originally enjoyed by them under the national law of administrative procedure. Therefore, formal qualification of an act at the EU level should not result in diminishing individual procedural protection. With this assumption in mind the present contribution is intended to construe a notion of an administrative act of the European Union on the basis of national law conceptions of administrative acts. Subsequently, the article presents an analysis of various categories of EU acts in light of a uniform notion of the individual administrative act as an attempt to standardize the structures, procedures and methodologies employed in different domains of EU competence.

The Legal Abyss of Discretion in the Resettlement of Refugees

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-85
Author(s):  
Tom de Boer ◽  
Marjoleine Zieck
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Burden Sharing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Common European Asylum System ◽  
International Refugee Law

Abstract The world is experiencing its largest refugee crisis since the Second World War, and more than ever before, the lack of an equitable burden-sharing mechanism is making itself felt: the world’s poorest States are hosting most of the refugees. The durable solution of resettlement of refugees is, in theory, the principal means of securing responsibility sharing within the framework of international refugee law. In practice, this cannot be realized since fewer than 1 per cent of the world’s refugees can be resettled annually due to the small number of available resettlement places. However, initiatives are being developed to increase the number of States that offer resettlement places to refugees and hence the number of available resettlement places. Europe, too, traditionally lagging well behind in terms of the number of resettlement places it offers, is endeavouring to contribute more places. It must nonetheless be noted that Europe’s increasing support for resettlement is paired with a policy of extraterritorialization of asylum claims and minimization of ‘spontaneous’ refugee arrivals. If Europe indeed aims to replace the regular asylum system with controlled refugee resettlement, this will raise issues of access to asylum. While the current Common European Asylum System contains a plethora of procedural and substantive rights for asylum seekers, resettlement – due to its essentially discretionary nature – appears to take place in a legal void, that is, it appears to suffer from arbitrariness in the selection of refugees and a lack of procedural rights and legal remedies for the refugees involved in the resettlement process. The question is whether this is also the case with the European Union (EU) resettlement proposals and, if so, whether this can be sustained from a legal point of view. This article reviews these proposals, along with the current practice of refugee selection by EU Member States, and analyses them from a refugee rights perspective. It examines whether EU initiatives affect the discretionary nature of resettlement, and specifically analyses whether the 1950 European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union apply to the resettlement procedures of EU Member States and, if so, what rights could be invoked by the refugees involved under those instruments.

A Community of Principle

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-143
Author(s):  
Pavlos Eleftheriadis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Member States ◽  
Law Of Nations ◽  
Domestic Law ◽  
Rival View ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the question of the relations between EU law and domestic law from the point of view of a political theory of the European Union. It is common to see EU law under ‘federalism’ or under a theory of ‘statism’. These two views are outlined at the start of this chapter by examining various arguments made for them. They are both rejected. The chapter defends a rival view, the ‘internationalist’ reading of the EU, according to which it is a branch of the law of nations. A careful look at the EU treaties and the case law of the Court of Justice of the EU shows that the EU endorses an internationalist model based on equality and reciprocity. The EU does not replace the relation between citizens and political power. It does not establish a new constitutional law that replaces the national ones. It is a new way of organizing the relations between the various member states whose equality it fully respects. The coherence of European Union law is therefore not provided by uniformity imposed by a single master or constitutional rule, but is given by the political coordination of the laws of the member states achieved under the treaties. Coherence is achieved because the member states have adopted similar, although not identical, constitutional principles.

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