scholarly journals A Atuação do Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento dos BRICS no Enfrentamento da Pandemia de Covid-19 l The BRICS New Development Bank's Role in Overcoming The Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e58900
Author(s):  
Rafaela Mello Rodrigues De Sá
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
New Development ◽  
The World ◽  
World Ranking

Desde o final de 2019, o mundo vem lidando com desafios gerados pela pandemia da Covid-19. Os países que compõem o BRICS têm enfrentado grandes dificuldades, pois todos possuem características que facilitam o contágio do vírus, como por exemplo uma numerosa população. A China foi a primeira a enfrentar a crise, e agora os outros países do BRICS se encontram em posições elevadas no ranking mundial com mais casos de Covid-19. Dessa maneira, o presente artigo visa analisar de que forma o Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento (NBD) vem atuando durante o período de crise econômica gerada pela pandemia, examinando os pacotes de assistência direcionados aos países do BRICS. A partir da análise de documentos oficiais e projetos aprovados pelo banco, é possível constatar que a atuação do NBD é relevante para seus países-membros, os quais já obtiveram US$9 bilhões aprovados pela instituição direcionados ao enfrentamento da pandemia.Palavras-chave: Novo Banco de Desenvolvimento; Covid-19; BRICS.ABSTRACTSince the end of 2019, the world has been dealing with challenges generated by the Covid-19 pandemic. The countries that make up the BRICS have faced great difficulties, mainly because all of them have characteristics that facilitate contagion, such as a large population. China was the first to face the crisis, and now the other BRICS countries are in high positions in the world ranking with more cases of Covid-19. Thus, the present article aims to analyze how the New Development Bank (NDB) has been acting during the period of economic crisis generated by the pandemic, examining the assistance packages targeted at the BRICS countries. From the analysis of official documents and projects approved by the bank, it can be seen that the performance of NDB is relevant for its member countries, which have already obtained US$ 9 billion approved by the institution.Keywords: New Development Bank; COVID-19; BRICS. Recebido em: 03/04/2021 | Aceito em: 14/09/2021. 

scholarly journals New Development Bank: Importance and Role in Sustainable Economic Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Dhore
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Population ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Foreign Reserves ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
New Development ◽  
The World

As of 2014, the five BRICS countries represent almost 3 billion people which is 40% of the world population, with a combined nominal GDP of US$16.039 trillion (20% world GDP) and an estimated US$4 trillion in combined foreign reserves. As of 2014, the BRICS nations represented 18 percent of the world economy. BRICS leaders have approved creating a New Development Bank which would fund long-term investment in infrastructure and more sustainable development. It then estimates the likely level of loans that this New Development Bank could make, under different assumptions. It highlights the complementary role that such a bank would play with existing development banks and shows its importance for enhancing the influence of BRICS and other developing countries in the international development architecture. On the other hand, there are doubts about the nature and coherence of the group. There is also concern that the economic agenda of BRICS could pose new challenges to human rights and development, particularly given the absence of domestic frameworks for accountability on international engagements.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT BANK OF BRICS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-32
Author(s):  
Thiago Ferreira Almeida ◽  
Roberto Luiz Silva
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
New Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
New Form ◽  
Growth Analyses

This paper takes aim at the international financial system through the lens of the New Development Bank of the BRICS countries with an analysis of the Bank’s impact and relevance vis-à-vis the system. The work compares the traditional characteristics of international development institutions such as the World Bank and financial entities directed by national authorities with international solutions such as the New Development Bank, whose goals are to boost the infrastructure and renewable energy sectors of its five member countries as well as those of other developing countries. The work lays out insightful data on foreign direct investment of BRICS, GDP growth analyses, imports and exports inside and outside the BRICS group for a clearer understanding of the companies and businesses involved in the group. The work highlights an outlook of investment and development engaged in this new form of South-South cooperation which has been created by BRICS.

scholarly journals The New Development Bank and Multilateral Trade Facilitation Agreements on BRICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fiyinfoluwa Giwa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
New Development ◽  
The World

Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) have made a tremendous economic impact on the world. Through the New Development Bank (NDB) and the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) by the World Trade Organization, they have become stronger. This article made use of different views to discuss the implication of the NDB and TFA on BRICS. No empirical analysis was carried out. From the viewpoints of other scholars, the Trade Ministers of the BRICS and the World Trade Organization, the NDB and TFA can enhance intellectual and economic growth in the BRICS countries.

Role of New Development Bank and Food Security in the BRICS Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Pintu Kumar ◽  
Prahlad Kumar Bairwa
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
New Development

La transposition profane de l’Exode dans Moïse fiction de Gilles Rozier

2013 ◽  
pp. 174-183
Author(s):  
Piotr Sadkowski
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
The Other ◽  
Jewish Tradition ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Jewish Origin ◽  
French Writer ◽  
The World ◽  
Jewish Writers

Throughout the centuries French and Francophone writers were relatively rarely inspired by the figure of Moses and the story of Exodus. However, since the second half of 20th c. the interest of the writers in this Old Testament story has been on the rise: by rewriting it they examine the question of identity dilemmas of contemporary men. One of the examples of this trend is Moïse Fiction, the 2001 novel by the French writer of Jewish origin, Gilles Rozier, analysed in the present article. The hypertextual techniques, which result in the proximisation of the figure of Moses to the reality of the contemporary reader, constitute literary profanation, but at the same time help place Rozier’s text in the Jewish tradition, in the spirit of talmudism understood as an exchange of views, commentaries, versions and additions related to the Torah. It is how the novel, a new “midrash”, avoids the simple antinomy of the concepts of the sacred and the profane. Rozier’s Moses, conscious of his complex identity, is simultaneously a Jew and an Egyptian, and faces, like many contemporary Jewish writers, language dilemmas, which constitute one of the major motifs analysed in the present article. Another key question is the ethics of the prophetism of the novelistic Moses, who seems to speak for contemporary people, doomed to in the world perceived as chaos unsupervised by an absolute being. Rozier’s agnostic Moses is a prophet not of God (who does not appear in the novel), but of humanism understood as the confrontation of a human being with the absurdity of his or her own finiteness, which produces compassion for the other, with whom the fate of a mortal is shared.

Umberto Cassuto as a Critic of the Documentary Hypothesis of the Origin of the Pentateuch

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-37
Author(s):  
Иосиф Александрович Фридман
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Argumentation ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Bible Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Biblical Scholar

Статья посвящена творческому наследию выдающегося итальянско-еврейского учёного, историка и библеиста Умберто Кассуто (1883-1951). Его основной вклад в науку о Священном Писании - развёрнутая критика документальной гипотезы происхождения Пятикнижия. Основная часть данной статьи представляет собой изложение воззрений Кассуто на первый из «столпов» документальной гипотезы - употребление в тексте Торы Божественных имён. Автор надеется показать, что, используя строго научные методы, Кассуто даёт вполне правдоподобные альтернативные объяснения тем феноменам, на исключительную правоту собственного объяснения которых с момента возникновения претендует документальная гипотеза. Вместо того чтобы опровергать частные аспекты названной теории, Кассуто, последовательно выступая против самого принципа деления текста Пятикнижия на первоначально независимые друг от друга «источники», фактически предложил в библеистике новую научную парадигму, потенциально претендующую на всеохватность и полную замену документальной гипотезы. В последующей статье на эту же тему автор намеревается продемонстрировать подход У. Кассуто ко второму, третьему, четвёртому и пятому «столпам» документальной гипотезы, а также остановить внимание на рецепции идей Кассуто в мире библеистики. The present article is devoted to the scientific heritage left by a major Jewish academician of Italian descent, historian and biblical scholar Umberto Cassuto (1883-1951). His main contribution to this field consists in large-scale criticism of the Documentary Hypothesis of the origin of the Pentateuch. In the main part of our article the author presents an outline of Cassuto’s views on the first of the five «pillars» onwhich the Documentary Hypothesis rests. The author endeavors to demonstrate that, using strictly scientific argumentation, Cassuto gives quite plausible alternative explanations to such phenomena as the Documentary Hypothesis claims its unique right to explain correctly. Instead of attacking and refuting any particular aspects of the hypothesis, Cassutoconsistently argues against the very principle according to which the Torah is divided among a number of «source texts» perceived to have once been independent of one another. As a matter of fact, U. Cassuto has presented a new scholarly paradigm with a potential that would suffice to make it a full-fledged substitution of the Documentary Hypothesis. In a second article on this topic the author intends to demonstrate Cassuto’s approach to the other four «pillars» of the Documentary Hypothesis as well as to devote special attention to the response that Cassuto’s ideas met in the world of Bible studies.

scholarly journals Universální život a život lidský. K ontologii přírody u Jana Patočky a Maurice Merleau-Pontyho

REFLEXE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (60) ◽  
pp. 29-63
Author(s):  
Martin Rabas
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

The present article has two objectives. One is to elucidate the philosophical approach presented in the so-called Strahov Systematic Manuscripts of Jan Patočka in terms of consciousness and nature. The other is to compare this philosophical approach with Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s theses on nature, as elaborated in 1956–1961, and to point out some advantages and limitations of both approaches. In our opinion, Patočka’s philosophical approach consists, on the one hand, in a descriptive analysis of human experience, which he understands as a pre-reflective self-relationship pointing towards the consciousness of the world. On the other hand, on the basis of this descriptive analysis Patočka consequently explicates all non-human life, inorganic matter, and finally the whole of nature as life in its own right, the essence of which is also a certain self-relation with a tendency towards consciousness. The article then briefly presents Merleau-Ponty’s theses on nature, and finally compares them with Patočka’s overall theses on nature. The advantage of Patočka’s notion of nature as against Merleau-Ponty’s is that, in Patočka’s view, nature encompasses both the principle of unity and individuality. On the other hand, the advantage of Merleau-Ponty’s understanding of nature as against Patočka’s lies in the consistent interconnectedness of the infinite life of nature and the finite life of individual beings.

Alternative Financial Integration to Stimulate National Competitiveness

2018 ◽  
pp. 162-179
Author(s):  
Tatiana Podolskaya
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
New Development ◽  
Potential Competitor

The BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) actively joined in process of transformation of institutes of global financial market's management, having created New Development Bank. This institute according to most of analysts can be considered as potential competitor of the World Bank and as one of elements of so-called system of “parallel institutes”, which as required can become replacement American-centered system of international financial institutions. Progress of newly created New Development Bank in- much will depend on that economic power which will characterize BRICS economies. And a key condition of long-term stable economic growth is availability of global advantages of the BRICS countries. This article is devoted to the analysis of changes BRICS global competitiveness factors.

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