Antibiotic stewardship in UK surgical departments: challenges and possible solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rory Callan ◽  
Emily Loud
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Preoperative Prophylaxis

Antibiotics are one of the most widely used classes of drugs within hospitals in the UK. They have a wide range of uses within all surgical specialties, both as preoperative prophylaxis and for treatment of acute surgical conditions. Antimicrobial resistance has increasingly been seen as a major issue, as the production of new antibiotics has decreased and overall use worldwide has increased. With the COVID-19 pandemic increasing concerns about antimicrobial resistance, there is an ever-increasing need for action. This article examines the particular challenges of antibiotic stewardship in surgical departments within the UK, and outlines possible solutions for improving adherence and reducing the risk of antimicrobial resistance in the future.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Stewardship Initiatives as Part of the UK 5-Year Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy

Antibiotics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Johnson ◽  
Diane Ashiru-Oredope ◽  
Elizabeth Beech
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Growing the future: UK Plant Sciences Federation releases its latest report

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Jonathan Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Full Report ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Plant Sciences ◽  
The Uk

The UK Plant Sciences Federation (UKPSF) launched its latest report on 29 January 2019 with a meeting in parliament. Growing the future sets out opportunities and priorities for plant sciences in the UK, and how plant sciences are crucial to address some of today's global challenges. UKPSF is a special advisory committee of the Royal Society of Biology, with a wide range of member organisations, including the Biochemical Society. The full report can be found at www.rsb.co.uk/growingthefuture.

scholarly journals The UK Workforce: Changes to Home Working During the Pandemic & What this Means for the Future.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Johns ◽  
Sashin Ahuja ◽  
Sara Khalil ◽  
Mike Ogonovsky ◽  
Alka Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Dominant Theme ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk

<p><i>Using data from a larger study, a theme on ‘homeworking’ emerged. Data from 437 semi-structured interviews with NHS professionals across a wide range of specialities identified a dominant theme of ‘homeworking’. Using this themed data, a short preliminary article has been produced with an infographic guide that is developed as a generic guide, not just for NHS staff<b>. </b>There are considerable benefits relating to the current changes in working patterns, with now many working from home, however there are also challenges and risks associated to these changes, which require further exploration to ensure that the UK workforce is best utilised, yet protected. This article provides an overview of this data, and a helpful hints and tips infographic. A larger, UK-based study is now underway (in NHS and other) to explore the experience of homeworking, and understand its benefits and challenges in more depth to help inform government policymaking decisions in the UK. </i></p>

scholarly journals The UK Workforce: Changes to Home Working During the Pandemic & What this Means for the Future.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Johns ◽  
Sashin Ahuja ◽  
Sara Khalil ◽  
Mike Ogonovsky ◽  
Alka Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Dominant Theme ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk

<p><i>Using data from a larger study, a theme on ‘homeworking’ emerged. Data from 437 semi-structured interviews with NHS professionals across a wide range of specialities identified a dominant theme of ‘homeworking’. Using this themed data, a short preliminary article has been produced with an infographic guide that is developed as a generic guide, not just for NHS staff<b>. </b>There are considerable benefits relating to the current changes in working patterns, with now many working from home, however there are also challenges and risks associated to these changes, which require further exploration to ensure that the UK workforce is best utilised, yet protected. This article provides an overview of this data, and a helpful hints and tips infographic. A larger, UK-based study is now underway (in NHS and other) to explore the experience of homeworking, and understand its benefits and challenges in more depth to help inform government policymaking decisions in the UK. </i></p>

The Design-Build-Test-Learn cycle for metabolic engineering of Streptomycetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Whitford ◽  
Pablo Cruz-Morales ◽  
Jay D. Keasling ◽  
Tilmann Weber
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
Specialized Metabolites ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Design Build ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Biobased Production

Abstract Streptomycetes are producers of a wide range of specialized metabolites of great medicinal and industrial importance, such as antibiotics, antifungals, or pesticides. Having been the drivers of the golden age of antibiotics in the 1950s and 1960s, technological advancements over the last two decades have revealed that very little of their biosynthetic potential has been exploited so far. Given the great need for new antibiotics due to the emerging antimicrobial resistance crisis, as well as the urgent need for sustainable biobased production of complex molecules, there is a great renewed interest in exploring and engineering the biosynthetic potential of streptomycetes. Here, we describe the Design-Build-Test-Learn (DBTL) cycle for metabolic engineering experiments in streptomycetes and how it can be used for the discovery and production of novel specialized metabolites.

Features of optative modality in Macedonian language (with emphasis on the functionalities of independent da-construction)

2020 ◽  
pp. 301-323
Author(s):  
Natalya I. Kikilo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Natural Context ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Text Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ritual Context

In the Macedonian literary language the analytic da-construction used in an independent clause has a wide range of possible modal meanings, the most common of which are imperative and optative. The present article offers a detailed analysis of the semantics and functions of the Macedonian optative da-construction based on fiction and journalistic texts. The first part of the article deals with the specificities of the optative as a category which primarily considers the subject of a wish. In accordance with the semantic characteristics of this category, optative constructions are used in those discourse text types where the speakers are explicitly designated (the most natural context for the optative is the dialogue). The analysis of the Macedonian material includes instances of atypical usage of the optative da-construction, in which the wish of the subject is not apparent and thereby produces new emotional tonalities perceptible to the reader of a fiction/journalistic text. The study describes Macedonian constructions involving two different verb forms: 1) present tense form (da + praes) and 2) imperfective form (da + impf). These constructions formally designate the hypothetical and counterfactual status of the optative situation, respectively. Thus, the examples in the analysis are ordered according to two types of constructions, which reflect the speaker’s view on the probability of the realisation of his/her wish. Unrealistic wishes can be communicated through the present da-construction, while the imperfective construction denotes situations in which the wish can be realised in the future. The second part of the article is devoted to performative optative da-constructions, which express formulas of speech etiquette, wishes and curses. The analysis demonstrates that these constructions lose their magical functions, when used outside of the ritual context, and begin to function as interjections.

ESRC Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 657-698
Author(s):  
Simeon J. Yates ◽  
Jordana Blejmar
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Technological World ◽  
Ways Of Being

Two workshops were part of the final steps in the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) commissioned Ways of Being in a Digital Age project that is the basis for this Handbook. The ESRC project team coordinated one with the UK Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (ESRC-DSTL) Workshop, “The automation of future roles”; and one with the US National Science Foundation (ESRC-NSF) Workshop, “Changing work, changing lives in the new technological world.” Both workshops sought to explore the key future social science research questions arising for ever greater levels of automation, use of artificial intelligence, and the augmentation of human activity. Participants represented a wide range of disciplinary, professional, government, and nonprofit expertise. This chapter summarizes the separate and then integrated results. First, it summarizes the central social and economic context, the method and project context, and some basic definitional issues. It then identifies 11 priority areas needing further research work that emerged from the intense interactions, discussions, debates, clustering analyses, and integration activities during and after the two workshops. Throughout, it summarizes how subcategories of issues within each cluster relate to central issues (e.g., from users to global to methods) and levels of impacts (from wider social to community and organizational to individual experiences and understandings). Subsections briefly describe each of these 11 areas and their cross-cutting issues and levels. Finally, it provides a detailed Appendix of all the areas, subareas, and their specific questions.

Punk as Folk: Continuities and Tensions in the UK and Beyond

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Dale
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Collective Creativity ◽  
Living Tradition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

Numerous claims have been made by a wide range of commentators that punk is somehow “a folk music” of some kind. Doubtless there are several continuities. Indeed, both tend to encourage amateur music-making, both often have affiliations with the Left, and both emerge at least partly from a collective/anti-competitive approach to music-making. However, there are also significant tensions between punk and folk as ideas/ideals and as applied in practice. Most obviously, punk makes claims to a “year zero” creativity (despite inevitably offering re-presentation of at least some existing elements in every instance), whereas folk music is supposed to carry forward a tradition (which, thankfully, is more recognized in recent decades as a subject-to-change “living tradition” than was the case in folk’s more purist periods). Politically, meanwhile, postwar folk has tended more toward a socialist and/or Marxist orientation, both in the US and UK, whereas punk has at least rhetorically claimed to be in favor of “anarchy” (in the UK, in particular). Collective creativity and competitive tendencies also differ between the two (perceived) genre areas. Although the folk scene’s “floor singer” tradition offers a dispersal of expressive opportunity comparable in some ways to the “anyone can do it” idea that gets associated with punk, the creative expectation of the individual within the group differs between the two. Punk has some similarities to folk, then, but there are tensions, too, and these are well worth examining if one is serious about testing out the common claim, in both folk and punk, that “anyone can do it.”

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