The impact of walker height positions and their influence on triceps activity and energy conservation: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Terry Rzepkowski ◽  
Saige C Abrams ◽  
Farrah P Bell ◽  
Alexander Orkwis ◽  
Hunter Radin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Elbow Angle ◽  
The Impact

Background/Aims Millions of adults use walkers for functional mobility. Inappropriate walker use is associated with incorrect height, forward-leaning posture, and increased energy expenditure. Few studies have investigated the impact of walker positions and their influence on triceps activity. The present study assessed walker height and baseline positioning for individuals with a 50% weight bearing restriction of the lower extremity, and implications for energy conservation. Methods A total of 38 young adults (mean age = 24.95 years; 84.2% female; 15.8% male) participated in this study with a two-wheeled walker. Participants executed five walker positions while maintaining 50% weight bearing of the lower extremity to determine the effect on triceps electromyography activity. Results Triceps electromyography activity did significantly change across the five walker positions assessed (X2 [df=37, P<0.001]). This study showed that the median electromyography activity for positions B (median=0.268) and A (median=0.280) was significantly less than the median electromyography activity for position E (median=0.452; P<0.001). The effect sizes for comparisons of positions B and E (r=0.49) as well as A and E were the largest (r=0.53). Conclusions These findings suggest an elbow angle of 26–35° (position B), followed by an elbow angle of 15–25° (position A), with the walker in line with the heels of the participant, to be superior in minimising exertion of the triceps.

ENERGY EXPENDITURE MEASURES FOR ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN YOUNG ADULTS: A PILOT STUDY.

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Jacqueline S. Drouin ◽  
Jonathan Dewick ◽  
Kevin Bridges ◽  
Craig A. Fox ◽  
Rebecca White
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living

Promotion of Advance Care Planning Among Young Adults: A Pilot Study of Health Engagement Workshop Feasibility, Implementation, and Efficacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 104990912095116
Author(s):  
Philip Barrison ◽  
Lindy Grief Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Advance Care Planning ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Advance Care ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This pilot study set out to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an interactive, peer-led, health engagement workshop to improve confidence and comprehension related to advance care planning (ACP) among young adults. Secondarily, this study evaluated if such workshops could promote ACP related behavior changes within this population. Methods: This observational cohort study utilized a repeated measures, mixed-method design. Six hour-long, in-person workshops were conducted with undergraduate students during meetings of university student organizations. Participants were evaluated across 3 mixed-method surveys, evaluating confidence, knowledge, and behaviors related to ACP prior to participation, directly after, and during a 2-week follow-up. Results: Workshop participation improved the average participant confidence and knowledge related to ACP as well as encouraged some participants to engage in discussions related to end-of-life care with friends and family. Alongside the impact of the workshops on knowledge and confidence, participants positively evaluated the design of the workshops through collected qualitative feedback. Conclusion: These results are encouraging in assessing this population’s willingness to learn about end-of-life care planning. The tools developed and the corresponding results should be used for further exploration of engaging the young adult population in ACP to promote improved healthcare outcomes.

A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study to Investigate the Effect of Whole-Body Vibration on Lower-Extremity Fatigue

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari ◽  
Soofia Naghdi ◽  
Hadi Karimi-Zarchi ◽  
Zahra Fakhari ◽  
Scott Hasson
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Context:Whole-body vibration (WBV) is a type of weight-bearing exercise used in the field of sport and rehabilitation. There is no study on the effects of WBV on muscle recovery after a fatiguing activity.Objective:To determine the effects of a single WBV session on lower-extremity fatigue.Design:Randomized controlled pilot study.Setting:University Physiotherapy Clinic.Subjects:A total of 13 healthy young men volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned into the WBV group (n = 7, mean age: 21 y) or control group (CG; n = 6, mean age: 20 y).Intervention:Subjects in the WBV group participated in a single-session WBV (30 Hz, amplitude 4 mm, 2 min) after lower-extremity fatigue.Main Outcome Measures:Peak force of quadriceps muscle, single leg hop test, and Y-test were measured before inducing muscle fatigue (T0), immediately after completing the fatigue protocol (T1), after WBV (T2), and 15 min following the application of WBV (T3). The same method was applied in the CG while the WBV machine was turned off.Results:Repeated-measure ANOVA revealed no significant differences between groups in any of the outcomes.Conclusions:The findings indicated that WBV was not effective in the recovery of lower-extremity fatigue in healthy young men.

scholarly journals Original Paper: Informing Young Adults about the Risks of Using Electronic Cigarettes: A Pilot Study of an Informational Mobile Phone Text Messaging Program (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Sue Calabro ◽  
Georges E Khalil ◽  
Minxing Chen ◽  
Cheryl L Perry ◽  
Alexander V Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Health Claims Data ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Young adults are rapidly adopting electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use. E-cigarettes’ popularity among young people can be attributed to heavy industry advertising and misleading health claims. Data indicate young e-cigarette users who never used conventional cigarettes are now progressing toward smoking combustible cigarettes. Literature documents the influence of text messaging as a delivery mode to support participants in behavioral interventions. Communicating e-cigarette risks via text messaging has not been tested. OBJECTIVE This pilot study assessed the impact of exposure to text messages on e-cigarette knowledge and risk perception outcomes. METHODS A 2-group randomized pretest and posttest study was conducted among young men and women recruited from vocational training programs. Personal phones were used to receive messages and 95 racially and ethnically diverse participants completed a pretest and posttest. Fifty percent were randomized to either receive gain- or loss-framed messages that integrated the latest scientific findings about e-cigarettes. All messages used wording suitable for audiences with low health literacy. Knowledge and risk perceptions about e-cigarettes and tobacco use were assessed pretest and posttest after message exposure. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 20.8 (SD = 1.7). At pretest, approximately 10.5% of the (n=10/95) participants were current e-cigarette users, and 27.4% (n=26/95) used a variety of tobacco products. Participants randomized to gain-framed messages reported a statistically significant higher risk perception for using e-cigarettes at posttest than those who received loss-framed messages (P = .018). After message exposure there was no change in use of e-cigarettes or other tobacco products. CONCLUSIONS Young adults were informed that e-cigarette use may lead to addiction to nicotine and other consequences. Delivery of effective text messages such as those tested in this pilot can assist young consumers to evaluate and make decisions about e-cigarettes and other evolving tobacco products. CLINICALTRIAL This was a pilot study and not a clinical trial, thus the project was not registered.

Community Exercise Program for Older Adults Recovering from Hip Fracture: A Pilot Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth R. Jones ◽  
Jennifer M. Jakobi ◽  
Albert W. Taylor ◽  
Rob J. Petrella ◽  
Anthony A. Vandervoort
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility

Community-based rehabilitative exercise programs might be an effective means to improve functional outcomes for hip-fracture patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a community exercise program (CEP) for older adults recovering from hip fracture. Twenty-five older adults (mean age 80.0 ± 6.0 years; 24 women; 71 ± 23 days post–hip fracture) participated in this pilot study (17 exercise, 8 control). The CEP involved functional stepping and lower extremity–strengthening exercises. Control participants received only standard outpatient therapy. Measures of functional mobility, balance confidence, falls efficacy, lower extremity strength, and daily physical activity were evaluated at baseline and at 16 weeks. Improvements for self-reported physical activity, mobility, balance, and knee-extensor strength were observed for the CEP group. This study demonstrated that a CEP is beneficial for community-dwelling older adults post–hip fracture.

scholarly journals The impact of motor competence on energy expenditure during object control skill performance in children and young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-106
Author(s):  
Ryan S. Sacko ◽  
Till Utesch ◽  
Farid Bardid ◽  
David F. Stodden
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Object Control ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: An understanding of how motor skill performance levels relate to energy expenditure (EE) is an important, yet relatively unexplored topic that may better inform physical activity interventions. AIM: This study examined the impact of motor competence (MC) on EE during the performance of object control skills in children and young adults. METHOD: Forty-two children (Mage 8.1 years) and 40 young adults (Mage = 23.4 years) completed sessions of throwing and kicking at varying intensity intervals. Polynomial regressions with response surface analysis were conducted to analyze the impact of process- and product-oriented MC levels on EE. RESULTS: Moderate positive associations among process-oriented motor competence levels and EE were demonstrated in all trial interval conditions with stronger associations shown for shorter trial intervals. CONCLUSION: Individuals’ movement quality (process) demonstrated greater associations with EE than performance product (speed), especially with higher intensity skill practice. These results provide additional evidence of the positive impact that MC has on the health benefits of physical activity, specifically during participation in activities that inherently require repeated performance of object control skills.

The Impact of Adding A Self-Compassion Module To The Treatment of Opioid-Dependent Young Adults: A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathyleen M. Tomlin ◽  
Cass Dykeman
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Client Satisfaction ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Change Talk ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Impact

Young adult opioid addiction is on the rise in many parts of the country. Young adults’ use of opioids, in the form of illicit prescription drugs or heroin, is especially challenging for treatment engagement and retention due to high rates of relapse and debilitating shame and guilt. Normal developmental milestones of life are halted. Mental health research has found self-compassion training to be helpful; however, it is underrepresented in addiction research. Enhancing substance abuse best treatment practices such as motivational interviewing (MI) may result in fewer incidences of relapse, as well as a decrease in shame, depression, and anxiety when paired with a focus on self-compassion. The objective of this pilot study was to determine the feasibility and potential utility of large scale study examining whether adding a self-compassion module to treatment-as-usual (TAU) increases the frequency of client change talk compared with TAU alone. A secondary focus included a review of client satisfaction scores between the two study groups to determine how they would evaluate the treatment they received and their experiences participating in the study. There were 17 opioid-dependent young adults (ages 18–25) randomly assigned to one of two conditions in an outpatient substance abuse treatment clinic. Measurements of the frequency of change talk were collected at five distinct points during the intervention. At the completion of the final session, the participants evaluated their satisfaction scores using the CSQ-8 and responded to a series of open-ended questions. Results of an ANCOVA and independent t-tests were utilized to determine any differences between the two groups in the frequency of change talk and client satisfaction. An analysis of common themes shared by participants showed a preference for individual counseling and a structured place to go, as well as a desire for the intervention to be longer than three sessions. The study indicated that a focus on self-compassion combined with treatment-as-usual did not differ in outcome when compared with treatment-as-usual alone. Additionally, both treatment conditions were equal in terms of client satisfaction. However, it should be noted that pilot trials are highly susceptible to Type II error. Issues encountered in this pilot study that have implications for large scale efficacy studies on this topic and/or with young adult opioid users were discussed.

ENERGY EXPENDITURE MEASURES FOR ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN YOUNG ADULTS: A PILOT STUDY.

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Jacqueline S. Drouin ◽  
Jonathan Dewick ◽  
Kevin Bridges ◽  
Craig A. Fox ◽  
Rebecca White
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living
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