Turning Headlines into Lies

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Karl Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
Public Office ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
German Citizen

This chapter criticises the Neue Freie Presse. Unlike its liberal colleagues in Berlin, it does not want to be taken by surprise. Being one of the old guard, it surrenders but never dies—surrendering even before the battle has begun. It was the Neue Freie Presse which assured its readers in print that “tranquillity and order prevail” in the Third Reich and that “every German citizen of the Jewish faith can go about his business” at any time and even after the exclusion of Jewish doctors and lawyers from public office. On the eve of the boycott, the Neue Freie Presse even printed the announcement by one firm that in their sphere of operations, there has been no incidence of persecutions against Jews and other targets of the Nazi regime.

Diplomatie en «Realpolitik» : Aspecten van de Belgische politieke en diplomatieke relaties met het Derde Rijk, 1933-1935

Res Publica ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-242
Author(s):  
Guido Convents
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
International Security ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
First Moment

Although Belgian diplomats analysed the nazi-regime from the very first moment as intrinsically crimina!, inhuman, dictatorial and revenge seeking, they showed the nazis in 1934-1935 that dialogue was possible.  The nazi-diplomacy, with secrecy as a keystone, permitted some of the most important Belgian politicians and businessmen to meet the.nazi-leaders without being disapproved by public opinion or even parliament.  This resulted in a «practical» way to improve political and above all economical relations between Belgium and nazi-Germany. It can be seen as a Belgian answer to the inability of France and Great Britain to force the Third Reich to respect the international security treaties which were to guarantee the sovereignty of Belgium.

scholarly journals Mit Brennender Sorge: An Exegesis on the Encyclical to the Third Reich

Elements ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Valdez
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Holy See ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
German People ◽  
Or Organization

Throughout the 1930s, the ascendance of the Nazi regime not only diminished the authority of the Roman Catholic Church in Germany, but alos directly countered fundamental Catholic doctrines. In face of the mounting atrocities of the German government, Pope Pius XI, with the help of Eugenio Pacelli, nuncio to Germany, and German Bishop Michael Faulhaber, in an unprecedented outreach to the entire German faithful, issued the encyclical <em>Mit Brennender Sorge</em>. Appealing particularly to the youth and the laity, the encyclical challenged Germans to use conscience as a final resort in assessing the validity of a religious institution or political movement. In its address to the German people, Mit Brennender Sorge reflected the delicacy of the relationship between the Holy See and the Nazi regime by not referencing any person, party, or organization specifically. Nevertheless, the purpose and the timeliness of the encyclical was lost on few, partially dispelling the widespread belief that the Catholic Church turned a blind eye to the Third Reich.

Memory and the Cityscape: The German Architectural Debate about Postmodernism

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen James-Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
National Community ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
The Way ◽  
At Home

Few tools of Nazi propaganda were as potent or as permanent asarchitecture. At the instigation of Hitler, who had once aspired to bean architect, the Nazi regime placed unusual importance on thedesign of environments—whether cities, buildings, parade grounds, orhighways—that would glorify the Third Reich and express its dynamicrelationship to both the past and the future. Architecture and urbandesign were integral to the way the regime presented itself at homeand abroad. Newsreels supplemented direct personal experience ofmonumental buildings. Designed to last a thousand years, these edificesappeared to offer concrete testimony of the regime’s enduringcharacter. A more subtle integration of modern functions and vernacularforms, especially in suburban housing, suggested that technologicalprogress could coexist with an “organic” national communityrooted in a quasi-sacred understanding of the landscape.

Tailoring Truth

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-36
Author(s):  
Mikkel Dack
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Family Stories ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
The Third ◽  
Personal Histories ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Post War ◽  
Insight Into

As part of the post-war denazification campaign, as many as 20 million Germans were screened for employment by Allied armies. Applicants were ordered to fill out political questionnaires (Fragebögen) and allowed to justify their membership in Nazi organizations in appended statements. This mandatory act of self-reflection has led to the accumulation of a massive archival repository, likely the largest collection of autobiographical writings about the Third Reich. This article interprets individual and family stories recorded in denazification documents and provides insight into how Germans chose to remember and internalize the National Socialist years. The Fragebögen allowed and even encouraged millions of respondents to rewrite their personal histories and to construct whitewashed identities and accompanying narratives to secure employment. Germans embraced the unique opportunity to cast themselves as resisters and victims of the Nazi regime. These identities remained with them after the dissolution of the denazification project and were carried forward into the post-occupation period.

Strange Bird

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele K. Troy
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
James Joyce ◽  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Ernest Hemingway ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Third Reich

This book is about the Albatross Press, a Penguin precursor that entered into an uneasy relationship with the Nazi regime to keep Anglo-American literature alive under fascism. Albatross was, from its beginnings in 1932, a “strange bird”: a cultural outsider to the Third Reich but an economic insider. It was funded by British-Jewish interests. Its director was rumored to work for British intelligence. A precursor to Penguin, it distributed both middlebrow fiction and works by edgier modernist authors such as D. H. Lawrence, Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, and Ernest Hemingway to eager continental readers. Yet Albatross printed and sold its paperbacks in English from the heart of Adolf Hitler's Reich. The book reveals how the Nazi regime tolerated Albatross—for both economic and propaganda gains—and how Albatross exploited its insider position to keep Anglo-American books alive under fascism. In so doing, the book exposes the contradictions in Nazi censorship while offering an engaging detective story, a history, a nuanced analysis of men and motives, and a cautionary tale.

Research under dictatorship: the German Archaeological Institute 1929–1945

Antiquity ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (276) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Junker
Keyword(s):  
Strong Influence ◽  
State Politics ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Past State

All too often in the past, state politics has exerted a strong influence over the direction of academic archaeology. This was particularly true of the German Archaeological Institute under the Third Reich in the 1930s. Here, Klaus Junker offers an intriguing insight into the events and outcomes of this uncomfortable episode, and how the Institute managed to retain its leading position during and after the Nazi régime.

REACTIONS OF GERMAN SOCIETY TO COUP ATTEMPT OF 20TH JULY 1944

2012 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
Sebastian FIKUS
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
German Society ◽  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Coup Attempt

Huge, spontaneous support given to Hitler by the overwhelming majority of the German society after 20 July 1944 proves that the element integrating the Third Reich was by no means Gestapo terror. The overwhelming majority driven by fanaticism, thoughtlessness, love of comfort or previously acquired bad historical traditions supported the Nazi regime with complete commitment. But the reactions of the German society to the coup attempt also show to the fullest extent how much the Third Reich dissidents were isolated from it. Great solitude of the combatants of the coup of July 20, 1944 and their alienation is a huge accusation of the remaining part of the society.

How “Catholic” Was the Early Nazi Movement? Religion, Race, and Culture in Munich, 1919–1924

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Race And Culture ◽  
Basic Level

Amongthe more durable tenets of postwar West German historiography was the widespread conviction that Catholicism and Nazism were, at some most basic level, mutually exclusive entities. While a flood of critical studies in the 1960s began to erode this conviction at least around the edges — as scholars subjected to greater scrutiny the actual responses of Catholic opinion leaders, the German episcopate, and the Vatican to the Nazi regime — the image of a fundamental, albeit not quite perfect, incompatibility between Catholicism and Nazism has remained essentially intact to the present day. The durability of this image has been due to some degree to the steady stream of primarily apologetic monographs produced by a large and energetic Catholic scholarly community in Germany, whose works have stressed the heroic oppositional stance and victimhood of the Catholic Church during the Third Reich.

Adolf Eichmann, German Citizen

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Georg Kastner
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Large Role ◽  
The Third ◽  
Adolf Eichmann ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
German Citizen

The scholarly record leaves no doubt that Austrian citizens played a major role in the criminal activities of the Third Reich. Even before the Anschluss, former Austrian citizens held prominent positions within Germany's Nazi hierarchy. Afterward, they played a key—and disproportionately large—role in the death of millions of people, among them Jews, Slavs, Roma, Sinti, homosexuals, and political dissidents of all stripes. Even the millions of Austrians who committed no crimes nonetheless supported Hitler's New World Order, either actively or passively. Hence, in recounting or analyzing the crimes of the Nazi period, no substantive distinction can be made between German citizens and those formerly Austrian citizens who came from the Ostmark.

The Duplicity of Tolerance: Lesbian Experiences in Nazi Berlin

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Clowes Huneke
Keyword(s):  
Third Reich ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
The Third ◽  
Police Investigation ◽  
Open World ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Third Reich

In 2008, a monument to the gay victims of the Holocaust was erected that paid tribute only to its male victims, reigniting a long-running debate regarding the fate of lesbians in the Third Reich. Using four previously unanalyzed police investigation files at the Landesarchiv Berlin, this article opens a window into the lives of lesbians living in Nazi Berlin. The four case studies below highlight the capricious nature of Nazi rule and the surprising ways in which discourses of homosexuality appeared in the everyday lives of prostitutes and factory workers. At the same time, they demonstrate a surprisingly robust and open world in which lesbianism was not only not persecuted, but even tolerated in limited ways. While these materials suggest a chasm that separated the experiences of gay men and lesbians under the Nazi regime, they also highlight not only the limits of tolerance but the ways in which it can reinforce persecution itself.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document