Viscometric Study of n-Hexylammonium and n-Octylammonium perchlorates in Binary Non-Aqueous Solvents Probed by a Physicochemical Approach in the Temperature Ranging 298 - 328K at Atmospheric Pressure

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-662
Author(s):  
Vivek Pathania ◽  
Shrutila Sharma ◽  
S.K. Vermani ◽  
B.K. Vermani ◽  
Navya Grover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entropy Change ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Ion Interactions ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy ◽  
Viscometric Study ◽  
B Coefficients ◽  
Physicochemical Approach

Viscosity data were measured for n-hexyl ammonium perchlorate (C6H13NH3ClO4)(HAP) and n-octylammonium perchlorate (C8H17NH3ClO4) (OAP) in acetonitrile (AN), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and their binary mixtures containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mol%DMSO at 298, 308, 318 and 328 K in the concentration range 60-350×10-4 mol.dm-3. The data was further examined to evaluate ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions in terms of the Aand B coefficients of the Jones-Dole equation respectively. A and B coefficients for the studied electrolytes came out be to be positive throughout the whole composition range. However, smaller values of A as compare to B reveal the dominance of ion-solvent interaction over ion-ion interactions especially at 60 mol% DMSO in AN-DMSO mixtures. Thermodynamic parameters like free energy, enthalpy and entropy change of activation of the viscous flow have also been evaluated by using Erying transition state theory.

scholarly journals Ionic-interaction of aqueous and alcoholic poly(vinyl alcohol) in the presence of protons

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-326
Author(s):  
Saima Naz ◽  
Rehana Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Ion Interactions ◽  
Alcohol Solvent ◽  
Different Temperatures

The ionic-interactions of acetic acid in H2O-PVOH and H2O-Alcohol-PVOH solvent systems were studied at different temperatures by viscosity method. The viscosities of the poly(vinyl alcohol) were increased with the increase in the concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol) and decreased with the increase in the concentration of acetic acid. The viscosity data were used to evaluate the ion-ion interactions and ion-solvent interactions in terms of ?A? and ?B? coefficients of the Jones-Dole equation respectively. The negative values of B-coefficient increased with increase in temperature showed that acid behaves as structure breaker in poly(vinyl alcohol)-solvent mixtures and consequently the values of A-coefficient were decreased with the rise of temperature. Thermodynamic parameters such as energy of activation (Ea*), free energy change of activation (?G*) and entropy change of activation (?S*) were also calculated as a function of acid (CH3COOH) concentration, poly(vinyl alcohol) composition, alcohols, and temperature.

scholarly journals Apparent molar volume and coefficients of Jones-Dole equation for the evaluation of ion- solvent interactions of barium chloride in aqueous 1, 4-dioxane and ethylene glycol solutions at T= (298.15 K to 313.15) K and at atmospheric pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 5901-5909 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
Apparent Molar Volume ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Barium Chloride ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Viscosity B Coefficient ◽  
The Given

The viscosity and density of barium chloride have been measured at T= (298.15-313.15) K in aqueous solutions of 1, 4-Dioxane (1,4-DO) and Ethylene glycol (EG). Jones–Dole equation was used to analyze the viscosity data. The apparent molar volume, V_ϕ limiting apparent molar volume, V_ϕ^0 are calculated from the density data. Limiting apparent molar expansibilities, E_ϕ^0 have been used to describe the temperture dependency of V_ϕ^0. The standard volume of transfer, ΔtV_ϕ^0 and viscosity B-coefficient of transfer, ΔtB of barium chloride from water to aqueous 1, 4-DO and EG solutions were systematizing the different types of interactions in the given solutions. The structure making and breaking capacity of solute in solutions was interpreted with the help of Helper equation. The positive value of (∂2V_ϕ^0/∂T2)p suggests the structure making nature for BaCl2 in given solution. It is observed that Friedman-Krishnan co-sphere model explains the increase in the transfer volume of BaCl2 with an increase in 1,4-DO and EG concentrations. The activation parameters of the viscous flow of the given solutions were calculated and interpreted using transition state theory.

Thermodynamic study of poly(ethylene glycol) in water/acetone solutions by viscometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Mehrdad ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Taghizadeh ◽  
Roghieh Moladoust
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Volume Fractions ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Mixed Water

Abstract In this work, the intrinsic viscosities of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with a molar mass of 20,000 g·mol-1 were measured in water/acetone solutions from (283.1 to 313.1) K. The expansion factors of the polymer chains were calculated from the intrinsic viscosity data. The thermodynamic para­meters (entropy of dilution parameter, the heat of dilution para­meter, θ temperature, polymer-solvent interaction parameter and second osmotic virial coefficient) were derived by the temperature dependence of the polymer chain expansion factor. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that mixtures of water/acetone are changed to the poorer solvents for PEG, by increasing temperature and volume fractions of acetone. Also, the temperature dependency of segment-segment and segment-solvent interactions for PEG in mixed water/acetone, is decreased by increasing volume fractions of acetone.

scholarly journals Effect of the Temperature and Solvents on the Solvolysis of Barium Bromide in Aqueous-Organic Solutions: Volumetric and Viscometric Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-350
Keyword(s):  
Molar Volume ◽  
Apparent Molar Volume ◽  
Solvent Structure ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Organic Solutions ◽  
Viscometric Study ◽  
Structure Breaking ◽  
B Coefficients

Volumetric and viscometric properties of solutions containing barium bromide in an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol and 1,4-dioxane have been discussed at different temperatures such as 298.15K 303.15K, 308.15K, and 313.15K. The Masson’s equation was used to determine the apparent molar volume, V_ϕ, standard partial molar volume, V_ϕ^0, molar expansibilities,E_ϕ^0 by taking the density data. The values of viscosity and density were used in the Jones-Dole equation to find the viscosity B coefficients, which were used to estimate the ion-solvent interactions. The values of Hepler’s constant (∂^2 V_ϕ^0/ ∂T2)p and the viscosity B-coefficients have been used to deduce the solvent structure-promoting or structure breaking tendency of the salt in the studied mixtures. In the current study, the positive values of Hepler’s constant and the negative values of dB/dT show that barium bromide in the considered solvents mainly behaves as a structure promoter.

scholarly journals Molecular modeling studies of HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors using 3D-QSAR, virtual screening, and docking simulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Bo Tong ◽  
Shang-Shang Qin ◽  
Shan Lei ◽  
Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
3D Qsar ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Docking Simulations ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The ionic-interactions of acetic acid in H2O?PVOH and H2O?alcohol? PVOH solvent systems were studied at different temperatures by the viscosity method. The viscosities of the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) were increased with increasing concentration of PVOH and decreased with the increasing concentration of acetic acid. The viscosity data were used to evaluate the ion?ion interactions and ion?solvent interactions in terms of the A and B coefficients of the Jones?Dole equation, respectively. The negative values of the B-coefficient increased with increasing temperature, showing that the acid behaves as a structure breaker in PVOH?solvent mixtures and consequently, the values of the A-coefficient were decreased with increasing temperature. Thermodynamic parameters, such as energy of activation (Ea*), Gibbs energy change of activation (?G*) and entropy change of activation (?S*) were also calculated as a function of the acid (CH3COOH) concentration, PVOH composition, alcohols and temperature.

scholarly journals Solution thermodynamics of sodium pyruvate in aqueous glycine solutions at T 298.15-313.15 K

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 1283-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Pandit ◽  
Abhijit Sarkar ◽  
Biswajit Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Partial Molar Volumes ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Solution Thermodynamics ◽  
Sodium Pyruvate ◽  
Group Interactions ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
B Coefficients

In this study we investigated the effects of sodium pyruvate on the solution thermodynamics of glycine in terms of the solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions in aqueous solutions. Measured density and viscosity were used to derive apparent molar volumes (?V), standard partial molar volumes (?V0) and viscosity B-coefficients at 298.15, 303.15 K, 308.15, and 318.15 K under ambient pressure. The interactions are further discussed in terms of ion-dipolar, hydrophobic- hydrophobic, hydrophilic-hydrophobic group interactions. The activation parameters of viscous flow were also discussed in terms of transition state theory. The overall results indicated that ion-hydrophilic and hydrophilic-hydrophilic group interactions are predominant in the ternary solutions.

Conductance and Viscometric Studies of Some Tetraalkylammonium and Sodium Salts in Acetonitrile-Dimethyl Sulfoxide Mixtures at 35 °C

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2078-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohinder S. Chauhan ◽  
Kishore C. Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Suvarcha Chauhan ◽  
Vijay K. Syal
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Molar Conductivity ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Conductivity Data ◽  
Equation Resolution ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Ionic Components

Molar conductances and viscosities of Bu4NBPh4, NaBPh4 and R4NBr (R ethyl, propyl and butyl) at 35 °C in acetonitrile (AN), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and their binary mixtures have been reported. The conductivity data has been analysed by the Shedlovsky conductance equation and viscosity data by the Jones-Dole equation. Resolution of limiting molar conductivity (Λ0) and viscosity B coefficient of electrolytes into their ionic components have been achieved by the reference salt method. Viscosity A coefficients have been compared with theoretical Aη coefficients. Derived conductance and viscosity parameters have been discussed in terms of the ion-solvent interaction.

Study of the Comparative Solvation Behaviour of Na+ and Cu+ Cations in Acetonitrile + N,N-Dimethylformamide Mixtures at 298.15 K

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dip Singh Gill ◽  
Hardeep Anand ◽  
J. K. Puri
Keyword(s):  
Molar Conductance ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Extended Form ◽  
Composition Region ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Reference Electrolyte ◽  
B Coefficients

Viscosity and molar conductance of Bu4NBPh4, Bu4NClO4, [Cu(CH3CN)4]ClO4, NaClO4 and NaBPh4 have been measured in the concentration ranges 0.02 - 0.5 mol dm−3 and 0.0005 - 0.0065 mol dm−3 at 298.15 K in AN + DMF mixtures containing 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 75, 80, 90, and 100 mol % DMF. The viscosity data have been analyzed by the extended form of the Jones-Dole equation in the form: (η/η0) = 1+AC1/2+BC+DC2 to evaluate B and D parameters and the conductance data by the Shedlovsky equation to evaluate Λo and KA values of the salts. Ionic viscosity B-coefficients (B±) and ionic molar conductances (λ◦ i) have been calculated by using Bu4NBPh4 as a reference electrolyte. Solvated radii (ri) for Na+, Cu+ and ClO4 − have been estimated by using Gill’s modification of Stokes’ law. The variation of B± and ri as a function of mol % DMF shows that both Na+ and Cu+ are highly solvated in AN + DMF mixtures over the entire composition region. The solvation passes through a maximum between 40 to 80 mol % DMF. Both Na+ and Cu+ are more strongly solvated between 40 to 80 mol % DMF. Cu+ is relatively more strongly solvated than Na+ in AN + DMF mixtures. ClO4 − shows poor solvation in AN + DMF mixtures.

scholarly journals Study of Physical Properties for Sodium acetate with Water and Water - Acetone mixtures at Different Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohammed Abbas ◽  
Zainab Wajdi Ahmed ◽  
Alaa Fadhil Sulaiman ◽  
Issam AbdalKreem AbdalLatif
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Apparent Molal Volume ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Partial Molal Volume ◽  
Molal Volume ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Acetone Water ◽  
Thermodynamic Activation Parameter ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Apparent Molal Compressibility

In this study binary and ternary solutions are prepared by using the sodium acetate concentrations (0.1, 0.125, 0.2, 0.25, 0.4, 0.5, 0.8, 1 M) in water and acetone –water mixtures .The important parameters such as apparent molal volume, the partial molal volume transfer,  apparent  molal compressibility, free energy of activation of viscous flow and thermodynamic activation parameter (enthalpy and entropy) determined of sodium acetate in water , 20%, 40% ,60% and 80% V/V acetone –water mixtures at 298.15K, 303.15K, and 308.15K from density and viscosity measurements espectively. The limiting apparent molal volumes and experimental slopes were derived from the Masson equation, have been interpreted in terms of solute–solvent and solute–solute interactions  respectively. The viscosity data were analyzed using theJones–Dole equation and the derived parameter B - coefficient has also been interpreted in terms of solute–solvent interactions in the solutions. 

scholarly journals Rationalisation of the activities of phenolic (vitamin E-type) antioxidants

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-762
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Rhodes ◽  
Thuy T. Tran ◽  
Philip Denton ◽  
Harry Morris
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Gibbs Free Energy ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Linear Free Energy Relationship ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Gibbs Free Energy Change ◽  
Linear Free Energy ◽  
Free Energy Of Activation ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy

Using Transition-State Theory, experimental rate constants, determined over a range of temperatures, for reactions of vitamin E type antioxidants are analysed in terms of their enthalpies and entropies of activation. It is further shown that computational methods may be employed to calculate enthalpies and entropies, and hence Gibbs Free Energies, for the overall reactions. Within the Linear Free Energy Relationship (LFER) assumption, that the Gibbs Free Energy of activation is proportional to the overall Gibbs Free Energy change for the reaction, it is possible to rationalise, and even to predict, the relative contributions of enthalpy and entropy for reactions of interest, involving potential antioxidants.

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