Evaluation of an On-Farm Two Stage Anaerobic Digester for Biogas/Biomethane production from Dairy Manure

A thermophilic anaerobic digester with ultrafilter (TADU) for solids separation offers potential advantages of higher VS destruction, biomass retention, and pathogen removal. However, potential disadvantages include ultrafilter fouling, decreasing flux, and high VFA concentrations. In this study, a thermophilic anaerobic digester coupled to a sintered titanium, cross-flow ultrafilter was operated for over five months. Dairy manure was digested (HRT of 23 days). The filtrate VFA concentration was low (220 mg/L as HAc), average VS destruction was 49%, and a low average effluent fecal coliform concentration of 102 MPN/100 mL was observed. The low coliform value may be beneficial if dewatered biosolids are used for livestock bedding since low pathogen counts help prevent mastitis. Ultrafilter fluxes of 40–80 L/m2-hr were maintained by cleaning using caustic (3.5% NaOH) followed by water and acid (3% phosphoric acid). Sand from livestock bedding was found to damage the pump and ultrafilter. If TADU were implemented at full scale, then replacing sand bedding with dewatered biosolids should be considered.

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Software to Encourage Dairy Manure-Based Anaerobic Digester and Greenhouse Synergies

10.13031/aim.201701552 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Timothy J Shelford ◽

Curt A Gooch

Keyword(s):

Dairy Manure ◽

Anaerobic Digester

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Yearlong semi-continuous operation of thermophilic two-stage anaerobic digesters amended with biochar for enhanced biomethane production

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.135 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 167 ◽

pp. 863-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Yanwen Shen ◽

Sara Forrester ◽

Jason Koval ◽

Meltem Urgun-Demirtas

Keyword(s):

Continuous Operation ◽

Two Stage ◽

Anaerobic Digesters ◽

Biomethane Production

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A multicomponent herbal feed additive improves somatic cell counts in dairy cows ‐ a two stage, multicentre, placebo‐controlled long‐term on‐farm trial

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition ◽

10.1111/jpn.13297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 439-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael Walkenhorst ◽

Florian Leiber ◽

Ariane Maeschli ◽

Alexandra N. Kapp ◽

Anet Spengler‐Neff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Somatic Cell ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Two Stage ◽

Somatic Cell Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

On Farm

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On-Farm Testing of a Zeolite Filter to Capture Ammonia and Odors from a Dairy Manure Flushing System

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.13556 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 597-607

Author(s):

Mario Emanuel de Haro Martí ◽

William Howard Neibling ◽

Lide Chen ◽

Mireille Chahine

Keyword(s):

Residence Time ◽

Production Systems ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Ammonia Concentration ◽

Dairy Manure ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

List Type ◽

Air Filtration ◽

Odor Concentration ◽

On Farm

Highlights A zeolite filter achieved 92% reduction in ammonia emissions from a dairy flushed manure pit. The reduction in odor concentration was 45% at a minimum filter residence time of 0.9 seconds. The on-farm filter and air collection structure over a manure pit demonstrated the applicability of the project. Abstract. The concentration of large numbers of animals in relatively small areas, high production output per animal unit, and concentration of animal excretions and air emissions are some of the characteristics of modern animal agriculture. Ammonia (NH3) and odors are among the most noticeable as well as locally and regionally problematic emissions generated by concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO) dairy production systems. Zeolites are defined as aluminosilicates with open three-dimensional framework structures composed of corner-sharing TO4 tetrahedra, where T is Al or Si. Zeolites are able to lose or gain water reversibly and to exchange and retain cations, including NH3 and ammonium. This study demonstrated the design and performance of a zeolite filter treating the airstream from a flushed manure pit installed on-farm at a commercial dairy. Clinoptilolite zeolite mined in Idaho was used as the filter medium. The capacity of the filter to reduce NH3 emissions was tested at three, six, and 59 days of filter operation. Reduction of odor emissions was tested at six days of operation. NH3 emissions were reduced by 92% (p < 0.001) at three days of operation and by 42% (p = 0.13) at 59 days of operation. The ammonia concentration in the pre-treatment airstream from a dairy manure collection pit was relatively high at 5.287 ±0.04 mg NH3-N m-3 (p < 0.001). The odor concentration reduction was 45% (p = 0.001) at six days of operation with the minimum empty bed residence time of 0.9 s. Total trial running time was 59 days. The roof-like pit cover structure used for air collection and the zeolite filter were proven to be capable of operating in the harsh on-farm environment and to be adaptable to changing operating conditions within the dairy. Keywords: Air filtration, Ammonia, Clinoptilolite, Dairy, Manure, Odor, Zeolite

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The Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time on the Biomethane Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) in Two-Stage Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development ◽

10.14710/ijred.2021.20639 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

Laily Isna Ramadhani ◽

Sri Ismiyati Damayanti ◽

Hanifrahmawan Sudibyo ◽

Muhammad Mufti Azis ◽

Wiratni Budhijanto

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Retention Time ◽

Hydraulic Retention Time ◽

Ph Control ◽

Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽

Two Stage ◽

Second Stage ◽

Biomethane Production ◽

Palm Oil Mill

Indonesia is currently the most significant crude palm oil (CPO) producer in the world. In the production ofCPO, 0.7m3 of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is emitted as the wastewater for every ton of fresh fruit bunches processed in the palm oil mill.With the increasing amount of CPO production, an effective POME treatment system is urgently required to prevent severe environmental damage. The high organic content in the POME is a potential substrate forbio-methane production. The biomethane production is carried out by two groups of microbes, i.e., acidogenic and methanogenic microbes. Each group of bacteria performs optimally at different optimum conditions. To optimize the biomethane production, POME was treated sequentially by separating the acidogenic and methanogenic microbes into two stages of anaerobic fluidized bed reactors (AFBR). The steps were optimized differently according to the favorable conditions of each group of bacteria. Although perfect separation cannot be achieved, this study showed that pH control could split the domination of the bacteria, i.e., the first stage (maintained at pH 4-5) was dominated by the acidogenic microbes and the second stage (kept neutral) was governed by methanogens. In addition to the pH control, natural zeolitewas added as microbial immobilization media in the AFBR to improve the performance of the microorganisms, especially in preventing microbial wash out at short hydraulic retention time (HRT). This study was focused on the understanding of the effect of HRT on the performance of steady-state continuous AFBR. The first stage as the acidogenic reactorwas rununder acidic conditions (pH 4-5) at five different HRTs. In comparison, the second stage as the methanogenic reactorwasrun under the neutral condition at four different HRTs. In this work,short HRT (5 days) resulted in better performance in both acidogenic AFBR and methanogenic AFBR. The immobilization media was hence essential to reduce the risk of washout at such a short HRT. The two-stage system also resulted in quite a high percentage of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal, which was as much as 96.06%sCOD.

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